微曲输流管道振动固有频率分析与仿真北大核心CSCD

首次建立了基于Timoshenko梁理论的微曲输流管道横向振动的动力学模型,并分析了流体流动影响下微曲管道横向自由振动的固有特征.采用广义Hamilton原理,导出了考虑流体影响的微曲管道横向振动的控制方程,通过Galerkin截断对控制方程离散化,再由广义本征值问题得到管道横向振动的固有频率,并研究了液体流速和弯曲幅度对管道横向固有振动特征的影响.发展了基于等效刚度和等效阻尼方法的考虑流体影响的微曲管道振动分析的有限元仿真计算方法,并通过有限元软件实现数值仿真,验证了Galerkin截断的分析结果以及所建立的Timoshenko微曲管道动力学模型的有效性.研究表明,流体的流速以及管道的弯曲幅度对管道横向振动固有频率均有显著影响.     

微重力环境下充液球腔非线性耦合动力学研究

采用球坐标系描述球腔中的液体动力学特性并建立一种轴对称贮腔类液刚耦合系统动力学模型．采用模态展开方法分析了微重环境下球形贮箱中的液体晃动问题,给出了球形贮箱内液体晃动速度势函数和波高函数的Gauss超几何级数解析表达式．采用变分原理推导了系统动力学系模型,利用Galerkin 方法对变分方程进行特征频率分析．运用Lagrange方法及非线性动力学方法导出了微重力环境下贮箱中液体与航天器结构耦合的动力学方程组,并对该方程组进行了数值计算,绘出了非线性耦合充液系统自由度随时间的变化历程．     

运载火箭姿态运动并行实时数字仿真

1.前言 大型运载火箭的姿态运动是指火箭绕其质心的运动,它是火箭姿态稳定控制系统的控制对象.火箭的姿态运动是多种运动的复合,诸如火箭壳体的弹性弯曲振动、液体推进剂在贮箱内的晃动,都会使其发生弱阻尼或不衰减的振荡.另外,火箭的参数,如转动惯量、重心位置、谐振频率和气动特性等都是随时间和飞行状态变化的,从而使运动特性变得非常复杂.     

考虑大变形的刚-柔耦合旋转智能结构动力学分析

基于Hamilton原理对带端部质量的刚柔耦合旋转智能结构建立了耦合的非线性动力学模型．根据一阶近似耦合（FOAC）模型理论,通过有限元方法,得到了系统的有限维模型．模型中考虑了轴向、横向位移和转动角度的非线性几何效应,以及压电材料和结构的大变形及离心刚化效应．在有限元模型的基础上,建立了3种实际系统模型方程,分别是无压电层的结构,有压电层开环状态和闭环状态．最后基于简化模型的仿真结果显示出有端部质量和没有端部质量的差异,智能结构梁在闭环和开环的差异,高速旋转梁的离心作用及结构外加电载荷的动力响应．     

格栅夹层梁热弯曲的等效微极热弹性分析

将格栅夹层梁热弯曲等效为微极热弹性梁的受热变形,利用平面微极热弹性理论建立了微极梁受热变形的控制方程组,给出了温度载荷下微极梁的位移表达式.通过胞元能量等效的方法,得到了研究的格栅夹层梁等效微极热弹性梁材料参数.对比了等效微极梁模型和ANSYS有限元软件计算得到的温度载荷下悬臂格栅夹层梁受热弯曲变形的数值结果,两种方法得到的结果非常接近,证明了微极热弹性梁是一种简单有效的模拟格栅夹层梁热变形的等效模型.     

非均匀温度影响下格栅夹芯结构微极梁等效方法

通过胞元能量等效的方法,将格栅夹芯结构等效为连续的微极弹性材料,得到了等效微极弹性材料的本构关系.利用几何关系与平衡条件建立了微极梁受热变形的控制方程组,给出了微极梁位移随温度载荷变化的表达式.通过对比等效微极梁模型、夹层梁模型和ANSYS有限元软件计算的非均匀温度影响下悬臂格栅夹层梁受热弯曲变形的数值结果,验证了微极弹性等效的有效性.结果表明,将不连续的格栅夹芯结构等效为连续介质构成的模型时,由于约束的增加、自由度的减少,需要更多的应力、应变参量来描述其非局部的特性.     

考虑表面效应的压电纳米梁的振动研究

一维压电纳米材料在微纳米机电系统(MEMS/NEMS)中应用广泛,对其力学性能的有效表征至关重要.基于Gurtin-Murdoch表面理论,建立了一种表征一维纳米材料表面效应的新模型.基于Timoshenko梁理论,建立了考虑表面效应的压电纳米梁控制方程,推导了几种不同边界条件下压电纳米梁的频率方程和振型方程的精确解.提出了一种在有限元软件中实现表面效应模拟的计算方法,在ABAQUS中实现了考虑表面效应的压电纳米梁的数值模拟.理论结果和有限元模拟结果吻合较好,验证了理论模型的正确性和有效性.表面效应对纳米梁振动的频率影响显著,而在某种程度上对振型有一定的影响.     

风场环境下平流层飞艇运动建模

平流层飞艇驻空飞行阶段的航速和空速量级可比拟,考虑风的影响时,基于地速的动力学模型必须显式补充风引起的附加惯性力,其运动方程将变得很复杂.作者首先依据风场环境下地速、风速和空速之间的关系,推导了基于空速的动力学模型.该模型具有形式简单、与飞艇动力学联系更加密切且无需计算风引起的附加力的优点.其次,建立了基于上述模型的飞艇六自由度动力学仿真模型,并针对标称运动条件下的系统开环输入进行仿真并简要分析了仿真结果.     

匀速转动内悬臂梁系统的建模与分岔研究

应用广义Hamilton原理建立旋转刚环内接悬臂梁系统在材料本构关系为线性时Rayleigh梁大挠度非线性动力学模型,并讨论当假定梁为Euler-Bernoulli型时的蜕化结果.研究表明,上述两种模型对系统的临界分岔值及分岔解静态没有影响.据此,采用了假设模态法解析地研究了匀速转动的Euler-Bernoulli梁模型的分岔行为,得到两种在物理上存在的分岔类型.为校验解析分析的结果,使用了有限元及打靶法两种数值研究工具.计算结果肯定了研究结论.     

中心刚体-外Timoshenko梁系统的建模与分岔特性研究

对于中心刚体固结悬臂梁系统,当不考虑梁剪应力(即Euler-Bernoulli梁)影响时,匀速转动梁的平凡解是稳定的。而对于深梁,有必要考虑剪应力(即Timoshenko梁)的影响,此时其匀速转动平凡解将出现拉伸屈曲。为此采用广义Hamilton变分原理建立了中心刚体固结Timoshenko梁这类刚-柔耦合系统的非线性动力学模型,应用数值方法研究了匀速转动Timoshenko梁非线性系统的分岔特性,以及失稳的临界转速。     

Beam element modelling of vehicle body-in-white applying artificial neural network

In this study a large knowledge base is first established through numerous designs of experiments on beam elements, based on a validated finite element model of a reference vehicle body-in-white. Then a recurrent artificial neural network is applied to extract the input/output relationship between the crash dynamic characteristics and beam element features. With such established relationship, beam element features are predicted according to expected crash dynamic characteristics. Our analyses show that the predicted beam element model enables generating essential crash dynamic characteristics for concept BIW design evaluation at a reasonable level of accuracy. Last, a data assurance criterion is developed to quantitatively validate the beam element modelling.     

The variability of dynamic responses of beams resting on elastic foundation subjected to vehicle with random system parameters

This paper investigates the variability of dynamic responses of a beam resting on an elastic foundation, which is subjected to a vehicle with uncertain parameters, such as random mass, stiffness, damping of the vehicle and random fields of mass density, and the elastic modulus of the beam and stiffness of elastic foundation. The vehicle is modeled as a two-degree-of-freedom spring-damper-mass system. The equations of motion of the beam was constructed using a finite element method. The mass and elastic properties of the beam, and the stiffness of foundation are assumed to be Gaussian random fields and were simulated by the spectral represent method. Masses, stiffness of the spring, and the damping coefficient of the vehicle are assumed as Gaussian random variables. The numerical analyses were performed using the finite element method (FEM) in conjunction with the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The variability of dynamic responses of the beam were investigated with various cases of random parameters. For each sample, the equations of motions were solved with the Wilson-q integral method to find dynamic responses. The influence of random system parameters and their correlation on the response variability is discussed in detail.     

有限条法分析板在移动车载作用下的动响应

提出了一个模拟移动车辆和矩形板相互作用的板-车条.用板-车条模拟直接与车辆相接触的板条部分;用传统的板有限条模拟未直接受车辆作用的板条部分.分析中,每辆车理想化为一个具有上、下部质量块,由弹簧和阻尼器连接的单足动力系统.计算示例表明,用该方法分析得到的结果与已有结果很吻合.     

Simplified modelling of joints and beam-like structures for BIW optimization in a concept phase of the vehicle design process

The paper proposes an engineering approach for the replacement of beam-like structures and joints in a vehicle model. The final goal is to provide the designer with an effective methodology for creating a concept model of such automotive components, so that an NVH optimization of the body in white (BIW) can be performed at the earliest phases of the vehicle design process. The proposed replacement methodology is based on the reduced beam and joint modelling approach, which involves a geometric analysis of beam-member cross-sections and a static analysis of joints. The first analysis aims at identifying the beam center nodes and computing the equivalent beam properties. The second analysis produces a simplified model of a joint that connects three or more beam-members through a static reduction of the detailed joint FE model.In order to validate the proposed approach, an industrial case-study is presented, where beams and joints of the upper region of a vehicle's BIW are replaced by simplified models. Two static load-cases are defined to compare the original and the simplified model by evaluating the stiffness of the full vehicle under torsion and bending in accordance with the standards used by automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) companies. A dynamic comparison between the two models, based on global frequencies and modal shapes of the full vehicle, is presented as well.     

Stability and vibrations of an all-terrain vehicle subjected to nonlinear structural deformation and resistance

This study intends to investigate the dynamic behaviour of an all-terrain vehicle travelling on rough terrains. A nonlinear analytical model is established for quantifying the response of the vehicle with spring and damping nonlinearities to various operation and terrain conditions. Focus of the study is on the motion characteristics of the vehicle operating on rough terrains. Stability analyses are performed for the all-terrain vehicles under the operation of surmounting large obstacles and the operation of the vehicle on rough terrain surfaces. Stability conditions are provided and stable and unstable region diagrams are plotted and analyzed with the analytical model developed. Analytical solutions are provided for weakly nonlinear dynamic systems. Numerical simulations for the motion of the all-terrain vehicle are also presented.     

Instability of cooperative adaptive cruise control traffic flow: A macroscopic approach

This paper proposes a macroscopic model to describe the operations of cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) traffic flow, which is an extension of adaptive cruise control (ACC) traffic flow. In CACC traffic flow a vehicle can exchange information with many preceding vehicles through wireless communication. Due to such communication the CACC vehicle can follow its leader at a closer distance than the ACC vehicle. The stability diagrams are constructed from the developed model based on the linear and nonlinear stability method for a certain model parameter set. It is found analytically that CACC vehicles enhance the stabilization of traffic flow with respect to both small and large perturbations compared to ACC vehicles. Numerical simulation is carried out to support our analytical findings. Based on the nonlinear stability analysis, we will show analytically and numerically that the CACC system better improves the dynamic equilibrium capacity over the ACC system. We have argued that in parallel to microscopic models for CACC traffic flow, the newly developed macroscopic will provide a complete insight into the dynamics of intelligent traffic flow.     

高温作用下混凝土热-水-力耦合损伤分析模型

以混合物理论为基础建立了高温作用下混凝土的热-水-力耦合损伤分析模型．将混凝土视为由固体骨架、液态水、水蒸气、干燥气体和溶解气体共5种组分构成的混合物,模型的宏观平衡方程包括各组分的质量守恒方程、整体的能量守恒方程及动量守恒方程,模型所需的状态方程及本构关系全部给出,最后给出基于4个主要参数（固体骨架位移、气压力、毛细压力和温度）的控制方程．模型考虑了混凝土在高温作用下,水分的蒸发与冷凝、胶结材料的水化及脱水、溶解气的溶解与挥发等相变过程;从材料变形破坏过程中能量耗散特征入手,基于Lemaitre应变等价性假说和能量守恒原理得到力学损伤演化方程,并考虑了高温引起的热损伤对材料力学性能及力学损伤演化规律的影响,建立了热-力耦合损伤本构模型．     

基于动态规划的高阶隐马氏模型推广的Viterbi算法

首先通过Hadar等价变换方法将高阶隐马氏模型转换为与之等价的一阶向量值隐马氏模型,然后利用动态规划原理建立了一阶向量值隐马氏模型的Viterbi算法,最后通过高阶隐马氏模型和一阶向量值隐马氏模型之间的等价关系建立了高阶隐马氏模型基于动态规划推广的Viterbi算法．研究结果在一定程度上推广了几乎所有隐马氏模型文献中所涉及到的解码问题的Viterbi算法,从而进一步丰富和发展了高阶隐马氏模型的算法理论．