高效液相色谱法检测噻虫嗪-氟虫腈悬浮剂

采用高效液相色谱法测定农药复合制荆120 g/L噻虫嗪-60 g/L氟虫腈悬浮荆.采用ODS C18反相色谱柱(150 mm×4. 6 mm i. d. ,5μm),乙腈一水(体积比为4∶6)为流动相,用紫外检测器在240 nm波长下,对试样中的噻虫嗪和氟虫腈进行分离和定量检测.噻虫嗪、氟虫腈的平均回收率分别为99. 0%～102. 0%、96. 0%～104. 0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为0. 5%、1. 6%(n=6).     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定牛奶中螺虫乙酯及其代谢物残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱快速测定牛奶中螺虫乙酯及其代谢物残留的分析方法。牛奶经乙腈沉淀蛋白质,正己烷脱脂后,采用ESI源,在MRM模式下测定螺虫乙酯及其代谢物。结果表明,在0.5~50μg/L范围内,待测物色谱峰面积与其质量浓度间的线性关系良好(相关系数均大于0.998),检出限(LODs,S/N=3)和定量限(LOQs,S/N=10)分别为0.05~0.30μg/L和0.17~1.00μg/L。当添加水平为1.0、2.0和10μg/L时,方法的加标回收率为80.0%~108.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.8%~15.2%(n=6)。该法快速,灵敏,准确,能够满足牛奶中螺虫乙酯及其代谢物残留限量的检测要求。     

QuEChERS结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定番茄中噻虫嗪、噻虫胺、螺虫乙酯及其代谢物残留

建立了QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS法快速同时检测番茄中噻虫嗪及其代谢产物(噻虫胺)、螺虫乙酯及其4种代谢产物(BYI08330-enol-glucoside、BYI08330-mono-hydroxy、BYI08330-enol和BYI08330-ketohydroxy)残留的分析方法。样品经乙腈提取,NaCl和无水Mg SO4除水后,经N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和C18粉末净化,用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析,采用多反应离子监测模式(MRM)检测,基质匹配标准溶液外标法定量。7种目标物质在0.2~2 000μg/L质量浓度范围内均具有良好的线性关系(r2≥0.999 2),在0.002、0.02、0.20、2.00 mg/kg加标水平下的平均回收率为79.9%~104%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.94%~6.4%,方法定量下限(LOQ)为0.002 mg/kg。该方法快速简便、灵敏度高、重现性好,能满足番茄中噻虫嗪、噻虫胺和螺虫乙酯及其代谢产物残留的快速检测和确证要求。     

超高效液相色谱法测定稻田土壤及水中的噻虫啉与氟虫双酰胺残留

利用超高效液相色谱建立了同时测定稻田土壤及水中噻虫啉、氟虫双酰胺及其代谢产物残留的快速分析方法。稻田水样以乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相经浓缩后定容;土壤样品用水润湿后以丙酮提取,液-液分配净化。优化的色谱条件为:采用ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,以乙腈-水为流动相,流速0.3 mL.min-1,柱温35℃,进样量5μL,检测波长230 nm。结果表明,噻虫啉、氟虫双酰胺及其代谢产物在0.01～10.00 mg.L-1质量浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数分别为1.000、1.000、0.999 9;噻虫啉、氟虫双酰胺及其代谢产物的仪器测定限为0.001～0.002 mg.L-1,在稻田水中的方法检出限为0.000 4～0.001 0 mg.L-1,在土壤中的方法检出限为0.002 2～0.003 6 mg.kg-1;对稻田土壤及水中的噻虫啉、氟虫双酰胺及其代谢产物进行不同水平的加标回收率实验,得到方法的回收率为82%～106%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.81%～3.8%。该方法操作简便,分离效果好,灵敏度与准确度良好,已成功应用于实际样品的检测。     

分散固相萃取/液相色谱-串联质谱法测定花生及土壤中的噻虫啉

建立了一种检测土壤、花生植株、花生果实及花生壳中噻虫啉的分散固相萃取(DSPE)/液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)快速检测方法。对提取溶剂、不同分散固相吸附剂及其用量进行了考察和优化。样品经0.1%乙酸乙腈溶液提取后,以50 mg N-丙基乙二胺吸附剂(PSA)、50 mg十八烷基键合硅胶(C18)和10 mg石墨化碳黑(GCB)固相萃取填料净化,采用水-甲醇作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,质谱采用多离子监测模式(MRM)进行定性分析,基质标准曲线外标法进行定量分析。在0.1~50μg/kg范围内,不同基质中噻虫啉的线性相关系数均大于0.996。在土壤、花生植株、花生果实及花生壳中添加3个不同浓度水平的噻虫啉标准品,得到噻虫啉的回收率为70.6%~119%,相对标准偏差不大于16.6%,方法的定量下限为1.0~5.0μg/kg,能够满足现有国际限量的要求。     

改进QuChERS-气质联用法测定蔬菜中氟虫腈和丁烯氟虫腈残留量

建立了蔬菜中氟虫腈和丁烯氟虫腈残留量的同时检测方法。样品以1%乙酸-乙腈为提取剂,应用改进的QuChERS方法对样品提取液进行净化,并利用气质联用在选择离子扫描(SIM)模式下进行检测,以基质匹配标准溶液外标法定量。结果表明:在2～10μg/kg添加水平范围内,氟虫腈和丁烯氟虫腈的平均回收率分别为99.8%～120.5%和96.4%～124.9%;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为1.8%～11%和2.1%～7.4%;两者的方法检出限(LOD)均为2μg/kg;定量限(LOQ)均为6μg/kg。     

QuEChERS净化GC/ECD测定茶叶与土壤中噻虫嗪、虫螨腈及高效氯氟氰菊酯残留

采用QuEChERS方法净化,建立了GC/ECD法同时检测茶叶和土壤中噻虫嗪、虫螨腈和高效氯氟氰菊酯残留的分析方法。样品经水浸润后,乙腈提取,适量PSA、GCB和Florisil混合填料净化提取液,GC/ECD检测。噻虫嗪、虫螨腈和高效氯氟氰菊酯的响应分别在0.50～400、0.20～100、0.40～200μg/L质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数r均大于0.99,检出限分别为0.25、0.05、0.10μg/L。茶叶和土壤样品中,噻虫嗪、虫螨腈和高效氯氟氰菊酯的平均加标回收率为62%～108%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)不大于15.8%,方法的定量下限(LOQs)均不大于10μg/kg。方法简便、快速,能够满足茶叶和土壤中上述3种不同极性农药残留同时检测的需要。采用该方法测定了3种农药在茶园茶叶和土壤中的残留量,结果满意。     

固相萃取-液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法快速筛查禽蛋及蛋制品中氟虫腈及其代谢物

建立了液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(LC-QTOF MS)测定禽蛋及蛋制品中氟虫腈及其代谢物的快速筛查方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取,PRiME HLB SPE柱净化,Poroshell 120 EC C18色谱柱(150 mm×3 mm,2.7μm)分离,以水-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,负离子模式下测定,以乙虫腈为内标定量。实验中建立了一级精确质量和二级碎片离子质谱数据库,并且对4种禽蛋及蛋制品的基质效应进行了考察。结果表明,氟虫腈及其代谢物在0.1~5μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)均大于0.99。方法的检出限(LOD,S/N3)和定量限(LOQ,S/N10)分别为0.2μg/kg和1μg/kg。在不同基质中,氟虫腈及其代谢物在1、2和5μg/kg的添加水平下平均加标回收率为82.6%~98.1%,相对标准偏差为3.8%~9.9%(n=6)。该方法有效消除了液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱检测过程中的离子化抑制效应,灵敏度和准确度高,适用于鸡蛋、鸡蛋面、蛋糕和蛋黄酱中氟虫腈、氟虫腈砜、氟虫腈亚砜和氟甲腈的快速筛查。     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法测定蔬菜中虫酰肼和甲氧虫酰肼残留

建立了蔬菜中虫酰肼和甲氧虫酰肼的高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-ESI-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经碱性乙腈提取,固相萃取净化,反相高效液相色谱柱分离后进行质谱分析。在选择反应监测模式(SRM)下进行特征母-子离子对信号采集。分别以碎片离子m/z297和m/z149进行外标法定量。虫酰肼和甲氧虫酰肼残留的检出限(S/N=3)为1.0μg/kg,加标回收测得定量限为4.0μg/kg;在5.0～200μg/L时峰强度与质量浓度的线性关系良好(r2>0.996)。在4.0、10.0和20.0μg/kg3个添加水平,通过基质曲线校正后,虫酰肼和甲氧虫酰肼的平均回收率范围为90%～110%和70%～80%;相对标准偏差小于8%。结果表明,该法简单、灵敏,适用于蔬菜中虫酰肼和甲氧虫酰肼残留的分析确证。     

QuEChERS-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱测定动物性食品中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留

基于低温处理和QuEChERS方法,采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱建立了动物性食品中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留的分析检测方法。样品采用乙腈提取,经低温处理,N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和C18粉分散固相萃取(d-SPE)净化,以BEH C18色谱柱为分析柱,乙腈-0.1%乙酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离,外标法定量。采用高分辨质谱平行反应监测(PRM)扫描模式,以负离子采集进行定性筛查和定量分析。氟虫腈及其代谢物在0.02~2μg/L和0.2~20μg/L质量浓度范围内均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)大于0.992。对液体或半液体样品(如牛奶和鸡蛋)和固体样品(如鸡肉),方法的定量下限分别为0.1μg/kg和0.2μg/kg。在不同浓度的加标水平下,氟虫腈及其代谢物在鸡蛋中的平均回收率为81.6%~96.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%~11.5%;在鸡肉中的平均回收率为81.2%~96.0%,RSD为3.4%~11.4%;在牛奶中的平均回收率为79.1%~100.1%,RSD为1.5%~10.7%。该方法简单、灵敏、准确,适用于动物性食品中氟虫腈及其代谢物的快速筛查和定量检测,方法的灵敏度满足欧盟的残留限量要求。     

Furyl- and thienyl-silatranes and germatranes

We review our research on the synthesis and study of the physical and biological properties of furyl- and thienylgermatranes and -silatranes.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 725–732, June, 1992.     

Review and patents and literature

The use of the insect cell/baculovirus expression system for producing recombinant proteins of bacterial, plant, insect, and mammalian origin has become widespread. The popularity of this eukaryotic expression system is due to many factors, including (1) potentially high protein expression levels, (2) ease and speed of genetic engineering, (3) ability to accommodate large DNA inserts, (4) protein processing similar to higher eukaryotic cells (e.g., mammalian cells), and (5) ease of insect cell growth (e.g., suspension growth). The following review of the literature discusses two engineering aspects of recombinant protein synthesis by insect cell cultures: bioreactor scale-up and insect cell line selection. Following this review patent abstracts and additional literature pertaining to expression of recombinant proteins in insect cell culture are listed.     

Ground- and excited-state aromaticity and antiaromaticity in benzene and cyclobutadiene

The aromaticity and antiaromaticity of the ground state (S 0), lowest triplet state (T 1), and first singlet excited state (S 1) of benzene, and the ground states (S 0), lowest triplet states (T 1), and the first and second singlet excited states (S 1 and S 2) of square and rectangular cyclobutadiene are assessed using various magnetic criteria including nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS), proton shieldings, and magnetic susceptibilities calculated using complete-active-space self-consistent field (CASSCF) wave functions constructed from gauge-including atomic orbitals (GIAOs). These magnetic criteria strongly suggest that, in contrast to the well-known aromaticity of the S 0 state of benzene, the T 1 and S 1 states of this molecule are antiaromatic. In square cyclobutadiene, which is shown to be considerably more antiaromatic than rectangular cyclobutadiene, the magnetic properties of the T 1 and S 1 states allow these to be classified as aromatic. According to the computed magnetic criteria, the T 1 state of rectangular cyclobutadiene is still aromatic, but the S 1 state is antiaromatic, just as the S 2 state of square cyclobutadiene; the S 2 state of rectangular cyclobutadiene is nonaromatic. The results demonstrate that the well-known "triplet aromaticity" of cyclic conjugated hydrocarbons represents a particular case of a broader concept of excited-state aromaticity and antiaromaticity. It is shown that while electronic excitation may lead to increased nuclear shieldings in certain low-lying electronic states, in general its main effect can be expected to be nuclear deshielding, which can be substantial for heavier nuclei.     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Syntheses and structures of P-anilino-P-chalcogeno- and P-anilino-P-iminodiazasilaphosphetidines and their group 12 and 13 metal compounds

The P-anilino-P-chalcogeno(imino)diazasilaphosphetidines [Me(2)Si(mu-N(t)Bu)(2)P=E(NHPh)] (E = O (3), S (4), Se (5), N-p-tolyl (6)) were synthesized by oxidizing the P-anilinodiazasilaphosphetidine [Me(2)Si(N(t)Bu)(2)P(NHPh)] (2) with cumene hydroperoxide, sulfur, selenium, and p-tolyl azide, respectively. The lithium salt of 4 reacted with thallium monochloride to produce ([Me(2)Si(mu-N(t)Bu)(2)P=S(NPh)-kappaN-kappaS]Tl)(7), which features a two-coordinate thallium atom. Treatment of 4-6 with AlMe(3) gave the monoligand dimethylaluminum complexes ([Me(2)Si(mu-N(t)Bu)(2)P=E(NPh)-kappaN-kappaE]AlMe(2)) (E = S (8), Se (9), N-p-tolyl (10)), respectively. In these complexes the aluminum atom is tetrahedrally coordinated by one chelating ligand and two methyl groups, as a single-crystal X-ray analysis of 8 showed. A 2 equiv amount of 4-6 reacted with diethylzinc to produce the homoleptic diligand complexes ([Me(2)Si(mu-N(t)Bu)(2)P=E(NPh)-kappaN-kappaE](2)Zn)(E = S (11), Se (12), N-p-tolyl (13)). A crystal-structure analysis of 11 revealed a linear tetraspirocycle with a tetrahedrally coordinated, central zinc atom.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...