乙二胺四乙酸二钠/碳糊修饰电极测定银离子

报道EDTA/碳糊修饰电极的制备及对银离子的测定。该电极在硝酸介质中 - 0 .6 0V(vs .Ag/AgCl)电位下富集Ag+ ,在 +0 .0 8V处得到一个灵敏的阳极溶出峰 ,峰电流与Ag+ 浓度在 1.0× 10 -9～ 1.0× 10 -6mol/L范围呈良好线性关系 ,检出限为 6 .8× 10 -10 mol/L。     

碳糊电极吸附溶出伏安法测定游离钙

基于Ca(Ⅱ)-茜素红S(ARS)络合物在碳糊电极上的还原波,建立了吸附溶出伏安测定游离钙的新方法。在1.5×10-2mol/LKOH-2.0×10-5mol/LARS介质中,Ca(Ⅱ)-ARS络合物在碳糊电极上于-0.89V处产生一吸附还原波。当富集电位为.0.1V,富集时间90s,扫描速度为100mV/s时,该络合物单扫描阴极溶出峰的二阶导数峰电流与游离钙离子浓度在3.0×10-8~2.0×10-6mol/L范围内呈线性关系;检出限为9.4×10-9mol/L。在0.2mol/LHCl中清洗2min,该电极重现性良好。该方法可用于血清、牛奶和自来水中游离钙的测定。     

吸附溶出伏安法测定痕量砷的研究

在稀盐酸底液中,砷(Ⅲ)与吡咯烷二硫代甲酸铵(APDC)形成的络合物在悬汞电极(HME)上有良好的吸附溶出行为,于—0.53V(vs. SCE. )处有一灵敏的二次导数溶出峰。在1.3×10~(-9)—2.6X10~(-7)mol/As(Ⅲ)浓度范围内,峰高与As(Ⅲ)浓度有良好的线性关系,检出限为1.3×10~(-10)~mol/L。曾用本法测定两种标样以及茶叶中的砷,结果满意。本文还研究了电流性质及电极过程机理。     

用混合粘合剂修饰的碳糊电极测定诺氟沙星

在pH10.50的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中 ,当含有0.8mmol/L的NH4Cl,8mg/L的SLS(十二烷基磺酸钠)时 ,诺氟沙星在由69.1% (w)的石墨粉、24.5 % (w)的液体石蜡和6.4 % (w)的甘油组成的混合粘合剂碳糊电极上产生一灵敏的阴极溶出还原峰 ,峰电位为 -1.61V ;峰电流与诺氟沙星浓度在8.0×10 -9～4.0×10 -7mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,相关系数为r=0.9949 ,检出限为3.0×10-9 mol/L ;该法用于测定诺氟沙星胶囊含量 ,结果令人满意     

吸附溶出伏安法测定普罗帕酮的研究

在pH 6.47的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,可得到普罗帕酮的吸附溶出峰。峰电位为-1.38V(vs.Ag/AgCl),富集1min,溶出峰电流与普罗帕酮浓度在8.0x10~(-9)～7.0x10~(-7)mol/L范围内呈线性关系。富集4min检测下限为3.0×10(-10)mol/L。该法用于测定普罗帕酮制剂及人血清中的痕量普罗帕酮,均得到了满意的结果,并探讨了电极反应过程机理。     

示差脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定痕量铋

采用自行研制的管式玻碳电极并以同位镀汞的示差脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定痕量(?)。在盐酸介质中,铋离子浓度在2×10~(-9)—1×10~(-7)g/mL范围内与溶出峰电流呈良好的线性关系。实验结果与预期一致,应用于环境水样分析,结果令人满意。     

碳糊电极吸附／萃取伏安法测定氯氮平

本文提出了测定抗精神病新药氯氮平的碳糊电极开路富集/介质交换/溶出伏安法模式,该药物在0.45 V附近显示了氧化溶出峰,在1×10~(-6)～1×10~(-8)g/mL范围内峰电流与浓度成线性关系,检测限为4×10~(-9)g/mL,比紫外光度法提高约100倍。研究表明,碳糊电极对该药物具有强烈的萃取和吸附作用,并且萃取在富集过程中起着主要的作用。该法具有很强的抗干扰能力,可以直接测定片剂和尿样中的药物含量。     

生物小分子次黄嘌呤在银电极上的电化学性质

本文研究了银电极上次黄嘌呤的电化学特性。在含次黄嘌呤的醋酸～醋酸钠缓冲溶液中(pH3.7)，在0.35～0V电位区间内，银电极上出现一个还原峰，扫速50 mV/s时，其峰电位约在0.15V。该电极过程为单电子单质子过程。电化学和光谱电化学结果表明：这是由于次黄嘌呤与银形成难溶性化合物吸附于银电极表面而造成的。实验测得此难溶化合物的组成为1∶1，其溶度积为3.10×10^-7。用DPSV作阴极溶出分析，峰电流与次黄嘌呤浓度在8.0×10^-7～1.0×10^-     

铜(Ⅱ)-2,2′-联吡啶-铬天菁S三元络合物极谱吸附波及应用

本文提出了一个灵敏的具有选择性的溶出伏安法测超痕量铜的方法。在0.01mol／LNH3·H2O-NH4Cl溶液中（pH＝9．3），铜（Ⅱ）－2，2′-联吡啶（Dipy）-铬天菁S（CAS）能生成具吸附性的电活性三元络合物，在＋0.1V（vs．SCE）电位下富集，阴极溶出峰电位是一0．18V，峰电流与Cu（Ⅱ）的浓度在9．0×10－9～7.0×10－7mol／L范围内成正比，检测限是3．0×10－9mol／L，这一方法已用于测定环境水中痕量铜，回收率在98．5％，102．5％之间。     

硝苯地平在聚吡咯膜修饰电极上的电化学行为及电位溶出分析

提出了在吡咯的聚合过程将硝苯地平掺杂富集进聚吡咯膜中 ,然后在合适的溶液中通过线性扫描将之溶出的分析方法。与空白聚吡咯修饰电极 (PPy-GCE)比较 ,在0.088mol/LH2O2-0.1mol/LH2SO4 底液中 ,以100mV/s的速率进行线性扫描时 ,硝苯地平有一灵敏的线性扫描溶出峰 ,峰电位在 -0.628V(vs.SCE)。峰电流与硝苯地平的浓度在1×10 -8～1×10 -4mol/L范围内有良好的线性关系 ,利用这一峰对硝苯地平片剂的含量进行了测试 ,分析结果令人满意     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.