改性木薯淀粉/橡胶复合材料的制备及性能研究

以木薯淀粉、马来酸酐、苯乙烯为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂,通过溶液共聚合成了一系列苯乙烯改性淀粉树脂(SMS)。然后将改性淀粉同丁苯橡胶(SBR)、天然橡胶(NR)进行混炼、硫化模压成型,制得苯乙烯改性淀粉/丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶复合材料。采用红外光谱(IR)对苯乙烯改性淀粉接枝共聚物进行了结构表征。通过拉伸性能测试考察了不同苯乙烯含量的木薯淀粉接枝产物对丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶的力学性能的影响。结果表明,淀粉改性后,随着苯乙烯含量的增多,所得复合橡胶的拉伸强度与邵氏硬度均呈现先增加后降低的趋势。当苯乙烯用量为15%时所制得的苯乙烯改性淀粉/丁苯橡胶/天然橡胶复合材料的拉伸强度与邵氏硬度最大且优于未改性淀粉复合材料,其拉伸强度为2.0MPa,邵氏硬度为25.8HD。     

纳米Al_2O_3改性双酚A型环氧丙烯酸酯的制备与性能研究

选用硅烷偶联剂KH570对纳米Al_2O_3进行表面改性处理,并用改性后的Al_2O_3对双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯进行复合改性,研究了纳米Al_2O_3含量(1%(wt)~5%(wt))对树脂性能的影响。结果表明:改性纳米Al_2O_3质量分数为5%时的复合材料的体积收缩率最小,为6.48%;粒子质量分数为2%时,树脂的凝胶率最大,为88.3%;热失重测试结果表明,改性纳米Al_2O_3提高了树脂的热稳定性;拉伸性能显示,随着改性纳米Al_2O_3质量分数的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度先升高后下降,当改性纳米Al_2O_3质量分数为3%时,复合树脂拉伸强度最大,为34.74MPa,与未改性树脂相比,拉伸强度提高了108.27%。本文所制备的改性光敏树脂可适用于3D打印环境。     

聚甲基二间苯二乙炔基硅烷改性二氧化双环戊二烯环氧树脂及其复合材料的性能

用聚甲基二间苯二乙炔基硅烷树脂（PSA）改性二氧化双环戊二烯（R-122环氧树脂）得到R-122/PSA树脂体系,并以该树脂为基体制备了玻璃纤维复合材料。通过FT-IR、DSC和TGA研究了R-122/PSA树脂的固化反应及其耐热性能,同时研究了R-122/PSA基复合材料的力学性能、耐热性能、介电性能和耐水性能。结果表明：改性树脂在高温下保持了良好的耐热性能,mPSA/mR-122=0.2的固化物在800°C下质量保留率比纯R-122树脂的提高了30%。所制备的复合材料常温下弯曲强度达到735 MPa,220°C下的弯曲强度达到418.4 MPa,不仅保留了良好的力学性能,而且耐热性能得到了很好的提升,同时其浸泡96 h后的吸水率仅为0.65%,耐水性能优异。     

氨基硅油改性聚醚型聚氨酯

以甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚氧化丙烯二醇、氨乙基氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷为原料在无溶剂条件下合成了有机硅改性聚氨酯预聚体 ,用红外光谱对其进行了表征。以 3,3′ 二氯 4 ,4′ 二氨基 二苯基甲烷复合固化剂固化得氨基硅油改性聚氨酯材料 ,对材料的力学性能、耐热性、表面水接触角测试等表明 ,改性聚氨酯在ω(氨基硅油 ) =3%～ 15 %时 ,有较明显的改性效果 ,且在ω(氨基硅油 ) =10 %时 ,具有最佳综合性能 ,其拉伸强度和伸长率较未改性的分别提高 31%和 5 2 % ,表面水接触角提高了 2 3° ,耐热性也有所提高     

有机硅改性双酚A型环氧树脂研究

采用二氯二甲基硅烷 (DMS) ,或DMS与α ,ω 二氯聚二甲基硅氧烷 (DPS)的混合物来改性双酚A型环氧树脂 ,通过对固化物的冲击强度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和玻璃化转变温度 (Tg)的测定 ,探讨了改性方法、有机硅组成与含量等对材料性能的影响 .结果表明 ,用 5 7phr的DMS改性时 ,树脂固化物的冲击强度达2 0 2kJ m2 ,拉伸强度达 6 7 0MPa ,断裂伸长率达 11 2 9% ,Tg 达 16 8 0℃ ;分别比未改性时提高了 9 4kJ m2 ,2 1 1MPa ,5 4 %以及 32 6℃ .而用 0 7phrDMS +10phrDPS共同改性时 ,除Tg 和拉伸强度略有上升外 ,冲击强度达到了 31 6kJ m2 ,断裂伸长率达到 81 6 % ,分别比纯环氧提高了 2 0 8kJ m2 和 75 7% .     

硬脂酸/异氰酸酯摩尔比对聚丙烯/木粉复合材料性能的影响

用甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯（TDI）和硬脂酸（SA）复合改性木粉,在双螺杆挤出机中制备了聚丙烯（PP）基的木塑复合材料（WPC）,研究了SA/TDI摩尔比对木粉表面性能、复合材料力学性能和加工性能的影响。 结果表明,随着SA/TDI摩尔比的增大,改性木粉的表面张力逐渐减小,与PP的界面张力先减小后增大;与未改性的WPC相比,SA/TDI复合改性剂对WPC的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度影响不明显,但对无缺口冲击强度提升较大;当SA/TDI摩尔比为1.07时,复合材料的无缺口冲击强度和熔体质量流动速率分别达到9.74 kJ/m2和13.12 g/10 min,分别比未改性WPC提高了77%和22%。     

长链双马来酰亚胺改性氰酸酯树脂及其复合材料

制备了长链双马来酰亚胺改性的氰酸酯树脂及其复合材料, 并对其进行了表征. 结果表明, 当长链双马树脂(MTHMI)占改性树脂的质量分数为37.5%时, 改性树脂(MTI/T₃)的5%热失重温度为414℃, 复合材料在室温和200℃时的拉伸强度分别为431.2和331.0 MPa, 弯曲强度分别为631.5和278.4 MPa, 复合材料的X-Y轴热膨胀系数为18.1×10^-6℃^-1, 吸湿率为1.4%. 实验结果表明, 该类树脂与普通双马改性氰酸酯树脂及分别由质量分数为20%和30% MTHMI改性的氰酸酯树脂MTI/T₁和MTI/T₂相比, 具有良好的加工性, 优异的耐热性和力学性能, 较低的吸湿性和热膨胀系数.     

一种加成固化型热固性树脂PN-PAA固化过程和热稳定性研究

研究了炔丙基醚化酚醛树脂(PN)与聚芳基乙炔树脂(PAA)的反应性共混物(以下简称PN-PAA共混树脂)的相容性,并对共混树脂的固化过程和固化物的耐热性进行了表征.相态、DSC、SEM、TEM等测试结果均表明共混树脂及其固化物是完全相容的均相体系.凝胶时间、粘度、DSC等结果表明共混树脂固化工艺性优良,适合多种成型工艺(如RTM),显著改善了PAA树脂的固化工艺缺陷.DMA、TGA等分析表明共混树脂固化物具有很高的耐热性,可作为新型的防热复合材料和高温结构材料的基体.     

kevlar纤维增强尼龙6复合材料的力学性能

对Kevlar纤维进行了改性,使其成为己内酰胺阴离子开环聚合的活性中心,采用阴离子接枝法在Kevlar纤维(KF)表面接枝尼龙6低聚物,并与基体尼龙6混合,用挤出和注塑方式制备了尼龙6/改性Kevlar纤维(PA6/KF1)复合材料。ESEM和XPS分析表明,Kevlar纤维表面接枝上了尼龙6低聚物。比较了尼龙6/未改性Kevlar纤维(PA6/KF0)和PA6/KF1复合材料的力学性能及破坏形态,同时探讨了其破坏机理。结果表明,接枝尼龙6的KF1增强了KF与尼龙6复合材料界面的相互作用,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高了20.69%、12.26%和14.23%,但冲击强度降低了8.2%;当复合材料被破坏时,未改性纤维表面只粘附有少量的树脂尼龙6,而改性纤维的表面有较多的树脂包覆层,呈部分非界面脱粘破坏,具有良好的界面结合能力。     

双(N-间乙炔基苯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺)醚改性苯乙炔基硅氧硼烷

用双(N-间乙炔基苯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺)醚(DAIE)改性苯乙炔基硅氧硼烷(PESB)制得复合材料基体树脂(PESB-DAIE).通过FT-IR、DSC和TG研究了PESB-DAIE的固化反应及耐热性.将PESB-DAIE与纤维复合制得复合材料,研究了该材料的耐热性、弯曲强度及断面形貌.研究结果表明,固化物在氮气气氛下质...     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.