含蒽醌生色团的水溶性聚合物的制备及其光致电子转移

采用1-氨基蒽醌经酰氯化,合成含双键的单体,再与丙烯酰胺单体共聚,随后对共聚物进行了Hofmann反应,制得含伯胺侧基和蒽醌生色团的水溶性聚合物．利用傅立叶红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及紫外,可见光等测试手段对所合成的聚合物的结构进行了表征,并探讨了含蒽醌生色团的水溶性聚合物的光致电子转移性能．     

一种低T_g双官能聚磷腈的合成与表征

采用"一步法"合成线型聚二氯磷腈(PDCP),并通过亲核反应和后重氮偶合得到了一种含咔唑基和偶氮生色团的低Tg双官能聚磷腈,用1H NMR、31P NMR、IR、TG、DSC及GPC等手段对其进行了结构表征和分析,结果显示其在保持良好的溶解性的同时,具有较低的玻璃化转变温度和良好的热稳定性,分子量可控且分布较窄,比传统的聚磷腈开环聚合法更具优势。     

含偶氮苯的咔唑类双功能光折变聚合物的合成及表征

通过后重氮偶合方法制备了一系列不同生色团含量的咔唑类双功能光折变聚合物，并用IR、^1H-NMR、UV-vis、DSC以及GPC等对聚合物进行了分析和表征。IR和UV-vis谱图显示偶氮苯基团已接到咔唑环上。UV-vis结果表明：反应时间对该反应的影响非常大，当反应时间从6h增加到60h时，聚合物中生色团的含量从13.5%升高到66.7%。GPC结果显示后重氮偶合法比常规方法得到的该类聚合物的分子量明显提高。DSC结果显示聚合物的玻璃化转变温度随偶氮苯含量的增加而升高。     

共聚型环氧树脂基高分子染料的制备和表征

合成了环氧基先驱聚合物,采用后重氮偶合反应经一步法在聚合物中同时引入两种不同颜色的偶氮生色团.通过调配重氮盐的比例制备了一系列具有不同颜色及玻璃化转变温度的高分子染料.利用氢核磁共振谱图(1H-NMR)计算了聚合物上两种偶氮生色团的官能化度,采用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)测量了不同高分子染料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和分解温度(Td),用分光光度仪对这些聚合物的颜色进行了表征,并在国际照明委员会(CIE)颁布的CIE 1931 Yxy色度图上标出了相应的位置.结果表明:这些聚合物具有良好的溶解性、成膜性强、附着力强,可以应用于彩色滤光片等.     

侧链含有Mn-Re双核过渡金属基团的金属有机共聚物的合成与表征

设计合成了三种侧链含有Mn-Re双核过渡金属基团的金属有机高分子, 并且使用GPC, DSC, TG, NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis和元素分析等测试手段对所合成的三种聚合物进行了表征. 这三种金属有机聚合物具有与普通聚苯乙烯不同的玻璃化转变温度和紫外-可见吸收光谱. 为今后合成更多的类似的金属有机聚合物提供了一种合成策略.     

聚芳醚亚砜的合成与表征

以二苯醚和二氯亚砜为主要单体 ,在无水AlCl3/CH2 ClCH2 Cl/NMP催化剂溶剂体系中进行低温溶液共聚 ,合成聚芳醚亚砜 (PPOS) ,研究了AlCl3/NMP用量及单体摩尔比对聚合反应的影响 .用IR、DSC、TG和X ray等对PPOS进行结构和性能的分析与表征 ,研究结果表明 :PPOS属无定形聚合物 ,具有较高的玻璃化转变温度 (Tg) ,软化温度在 2 6 0℃左右 ,在加热过程中出现二个热分解温度     

共聚型全芳香聚酰胺的合成及其与聚酰亚胺的复合改性

以对苯二甲酰氯、间苯二甲酰氯和间苯二胺为单体,采用低温溶液缩聚的方法,合成了一系列共聚型全芳香聚酰胺。利用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、~1H NMR和傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对所得聚合物的相对分子质量和结构进行了表征确认,并通过热重分析(TGA)、差示扫描量热(DSC)对所得聚合物的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度进行了分析。结果显示,所得产物的相对分子质量超过10×10~4 g/mol,其共聚单体比例符合预期,玻璃化转变温度处于277～313℃范围内。此外,全芳香聚酰胺与聚酰亚胺共混改性的初步研究结果证实,共混可以显著提高聚酰亚胺材料的弯曲性能。     

3-甲基丙烯酰胺基-9-乙基咔唑的合成、聚合及其光化学行为研究

含供电子芳杂环的丙烯酰类功能性单体的合成、聚合及光化学行为一直吸引着人们的兴趣 .原因之一是由于这类单体可用一般的自由基引发剂引发聚合 ,其聚合物表现出包括荧光及光引发行为的光化学性质甚被瞩目[1,2 ] .在以往的工作中发现 ,这类给电子性生色团的丙烯酰类单体在相同生色团浓度下的荧光强度明显低于其聚合物或饱和模型化合物 ,即表现出荧光结构自猝灭效应(ＳＳＱＥ) [3～ 5] .咔唑是一个强给电子性芳香杂环化合物 .虽然文献中已有关于含咔唑生色团的丙烯酰类单体报道 ,但很少涉及其荧光或光敏性质 .近来 ,我们合成了多个含有咔唑生…     

苯乙烯-对叔丁基苯乙烯-间戊二烯三元共聚物制备及表征北大核心CSCD

相对于异戊二烯和丁二烯传统二烯烃,新型间戊二烯单体可以通过阴离子共聚合实现特殊序列结构共聚物,如交替共聚物。本文以间戊二烯、苯乙烯和对叔丁基苯乙烯为共聚单体,通过丁基锂引发聚合合成系列二元及三元共聚物,重点考察了共聚动力学和共聚物的微观结构。实验结果表明:(1)聚合动力学显示共聚合符合经典一级反应特征,共聚单体可以转化完全;(2)核磁氢谱在线分析表明共聚单体等摩尔消耗,核磁氢谱和碳谱证明了二元交替共聚结构;(3)二元及三元共聚均具有明显的活性可控聚合特征,分子量与理论值高度吻合,分子量分布D均小于1.20;(4)示差扫描量热(DSC)结果显示交替共聚物是一类特殊的半结晶聚合物,玻璃化转变温度Tg可以通过调控共聚单体比例微调,Tm在100~120℃范围;(5)基于间戊二烯特殊的二元交替共聚,推测了可能的聚合机理。     

偶氮苯侧链结构对聚丙烯酸酯三阶非线性光学性能影响

设计合成了一系列含偶氮苯非线性生色团的丙烯酸酯,并采用溶液聚合法合成了功能化的聚丙烯酸酯,利用FTIR、NMR、UV等对化合物的结构进行了表征,证实得到了指定结构的化合物.利用Z扫描技术对合成的聚丙烯酸酯的非线性光学性能进行了研究,通过对聚合物的非线性光学吸收拟合,计算得到非线性吸收系数β和三阶非线性系数χ(3),并探讨了取代基生色团分子结构与高分子三阶非线性光学性能的关系,结果显示增大侧链生色团π电子离域长度或强DπA(推拉基团)结构均可有效提高聚合物的三阶非线性光学性能.     

聚丙烯酸酯型高分子侧链液晶的合成及其对聚乙烯成核结晶行为的影响

基于聚烯烃用成核剂的结构特征设计合成了两种极性基团和非极性基团交替排列的乙烯基单体,并利用自由基引发聚合,制备出相应的侧链型液晶聚合物.采用元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对所合成单体和聚合物的结构进行了确认.并采用热失重(TGA)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了聚合物的热稳定性和相转变温度.结果表明,所合成聚合物的起始热分解温度均在337℃以上,具有优异的热稳定性;液晶相变温度区间可达186 K,具有较宽的液晶态温度范围.热台偏光显微镜(HS-POM)研究结果表明,聚合物均呈现出纹影织构,证明所合成的聚合物均为热致向列型侧链液晶高分子.采用DSC和HS-POM研究了所合成的侧链液晶聚合物对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)异相成核结晶行为的影响.结果表明,侧链型液晶聚合物在提高HDPE结晶温度、结晶度以及降低HDPE晶粒的尺寸及分布方面均有优异的效果,是一类HDPE有效的成核剂.     

一类新的刚性链侧链型液晶高分子的合成

以自由基聚合方法，合成了一系列含有三个苯环通过酯键相联的液晶性单体及其聚合物．在这类新的液晶高分子中，刚性液晶基元不通过柔性间隔基而直接竖挂在聚甲基丙烯酸酯大分子主链上．这些高分子有很高的玻璃化转变温度，表明其分子链刚性较大，因而代表了一类新的刚性链侧链型液晶高分子．它们的液晶行为用ＤＳＣ、偏光显微镜和Ｘ－光衍射进行了表征．发现所有单体和聚合物均为向列型热致性液晶．     

Thermal studies on polythiophene containing mesogenic side chains

Series of thiophenes containing mesogenic side chains at the 3^rd position are synthesized. The thermal transitions and thermal stability of the synthesized monomers and polymers are studied. The polarizing microscopic studies of synthesized monomers showed nematic liquid crystalline phase and these mesophases further confirmed by differential scanning calorimetric study. The obtained melting and the isotropic temperatures decrease linearly with the increase of aliphatic chain length. The transition temperatures determined from DSC analysis, overlap well with the temperatures obtained from optical microscopy studies. Thermal stability of the compounds is analysed using thermogravimetric studies. Thermal stability of monomers and polymers has been determined by calculating IPDT values. Structural influence on thermal degradation patterns of monomers and polymers are also discussed.     

含1,3,4-噁二唑甲壳型液晶聚合物的合成与表征

甲壳型液晶聚合物（mesogen-jacketed liquid crystal polymer,MJLCP）是1987年由周其凤教授[1]首先提出的概念.从化学结构看,甲壳型液晶聚合物属于侧链型,由烯类单体经链式聚合制得,容易得到高分子量的产物,具有一般柔性侧链型液晶聚合物的一些优点.但是与柔性侧链型液晶聚合物不同的是,MJLCP分子中的刚性液晶基元是通过腰部或重心位置与主链相联结的,在主链与刚性液晶基元的侧基之间只有很短或者没有柔性间隔基.由于在这类液晶聚合物的分子主链周围空间内刚性液晶基元的密度很高,分子主链被由液晶基元形成的外壳所包裹并被迫采取相对伸直的刚性链构象.因此,这类液晶聚合物又和主链型刚性链液晶聚合物相似,具有较明显的链刚性.近年来,周其凤课题组围绕甲壳型液晶聚合物深入开展了分子设计与合成、分子结构与性能等多方面的研究.其中,设计合成具有特定功能的甲壳型液晶聚合物是在以往研究工作和学科交叉融合的基础上发展起来的一项新的研究工作.将一些有特殊功能的基团引入到甲壳型液晶聚合物中会使其具有崭新的特性.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Photosensitive Phosphorus Based Polymers Containing α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones in the Main Chain

1,3‐Bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)propenone (BHPP) and 3‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy phenyl)‐1‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)propenone (HMPHPP) were used as monomers for preparing photosensitive phosphorus containing polyesters. The photosensitive monomers BHPP and HMPHPP were prepared respectively by refluxing 4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde and 3‐methoxy‐4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde with 4‐hydroxy acetophenone. The polyesters were synthesized by interfacial polycondensation of photosensitive diols with N‐phenylphosphoramidic dichloride using hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HDTMAB) as phase‐transfer catalyst. Copolymers were also prepared by incorporating terephthaloyl chloride in the polymer backbone. The synthesized monomers and polymers were characterized by UV, FT‐IR and ¹H, ¹³C and ³¹P‐NMR spectroscopic techniques. The resulting polymers had inherent viscosities in the range of 0.15–0.51 dL/g and showed good solubility in polar organic solvents. The thermal properties of the polymers were studied by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry under nitrogen atmosphere. The TGA data revealed that the 10% weight loss occurs at 275–320°C and all the synthesized polymers showed high char residues. DSC studies indicate that these polymers possess T_g in the range of 48 to 64°C. The photosensitive property of the polymers in film and solution state was investigated by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The effect of incorporation of terephthaloyl unit on photocrosslinking and thermal properties of the polymers was also studied.     

刚性链侧链型液晶高分子合成与研究

以自由基聚合方法，合成了一系列含有３个苯环通过酯键相联的液晶性单体及其聚合物，这类刚性液晶基元不通过柔性间隔基而直接竖挂在聚丙烯酸酯大分子主链上，具有很高的Ｔｇ·ＤＳＣ及偏光显微镜结果表明，所有的单体和聚合物均为向列型热致性液晶。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(arylene ether sulfone)s with trans‐1,4‐cyclohexylene ring containing ester linkages

trans‐1,4‐Cyclohexylene ring containing acid chloride monomers were incorporated into poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) backbones to study their effect on mechanical and thermal properties. The trans‐1,4‐cyclohexylene ring containing acid chloride monomers were synthesized and characterized by NMR and high‐resolution mass spectrum. trans‐1,4‐Cyclohexylene containing PAESs were synthesized from the acid chloride monomers and hydroxyl terminated polysulfone oligomers with a pseudo‐interfacial method and a solution method. These PAESs, with trans‐1,4‐cyclohexylene ring containing ester linkages, were fully characterized by NMR, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size exclusion chromatography, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The tensile properties were also evaluated. The polymers made with the pseudo‐interfacial method had relatively low molecular weights when compared to the solution method where much higher molecular weight polymers were obtained. Crystallinity was promoted in the low molecular weight biphenol‐based PAES samples with the pseudo‐interfacial method. The crystallinity was confirmed by both the DSC and the wide angle X‐ray diffraction results. The tensile test results of the high molecular weight polymers suggested that incorporation of the trans‐1,4‐cyclohexylene ring containing linkage slightly improved the ultimate elongations while maintaining the Young's moduli. The trans‐1,4‐cyclohexylene ring containing PAESs also showed higher sub‐T_g relaxations in DMA when compared with their terephthaloyl containing analog. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

Synthesis and characterization of a new dyestuff polymer soluble in alkaline aqueous media

Novel dyestuff polymers were successfully obtained through oxidative polymerization technique. The synthesized Schiff base and its polymer were soluble in alkaline＇aqueous medium and they have various colors in different solutions. Also, it can be said that the synthesized compounds are suitable as coloring agent （dyestuff） for textile applications. Fluorescence properties of the compounds were determined in DMF with different concentrations （mg/L）. Poly-tris（4- aminophenyl）methanol （P-TAPM） has quite high emission and excitation intensity values. Optical and electrochemical band gaps of the polymers were lower than those of the monomers indicating the more conjugated structure of the polymers. The oxidized states of the novel dyestuff compounds were examined by cyclic voltammetry （CV） technique. The solid state conductivity measurements showed that the synthesized polymers were semiconductors when exposed to the iodine vapour their conductivities could be increased. P-TAPM had the highest undoped conductivity. Thermal characterizations of the synthesized compounds were carried out by TG-DTA and DSC methods.     

以亲核取代反应制备质子交换膜用磺化聚酰亚胺

本文先通过缩合反应合成羟端基的二酰亚胺单体, 然后利用亲核缩聚反应, 与4,4′-二氯二苯砜及3,3′-二磺酸钠基-4,4′-二氯二苯砜共聚, 制备聚合物. 该合成路线反应周期短, 对温度和溶剂等条件要求不高, 简便易得.     

新的含T－型二维液晶基元的液晶高分子的合成

采用低温溶液聚合方法，以Ｎ－（２，５－二羟基苯）亚甲基－４－取代苯胺和不同结构的二酰氯为单体，合成了两类新的高分子．聚合物的液晶行为用ＤＳＣ、偏光显微镜和Ｘ射线衍射进行了表征，发现其中一类为向列型热致液晶高分子，另一类则无液晶性．随单体结构的改变，聚合物的特性粘数、熔点（Ｔｍ）和液晶态的清亮点（Ｔｉ）均呈现规律性变化。