双轴应力状态下正交异性动态光弹性应力——光性定律研究

基于静态下Ｈｙｅｒ和Ｌｉｕ表述的正交异性应力－光性定律，在前文中，提出了正交异性光弹性复合材料的动态应力－光性定律并证明了其在单轴应力状态下的正确性。本文旨在进一步考察在双轴应力状态下正交异性动态应力－光性定律的适用性，采用的方法是对纤维增强光弹性复合材料制作的平板模型施加冲击荷载，加载方向与材料纤维方向分别成０°、９０°及４５°角，同时进行正交异性动态光弹性实验和动态应变测量，另外，对该模型进行相应的各向异性介质时域边界元计算。把动态应变测量推算出的应力分量以及时域边界元计算出的应力分量分别代入正交异性动态应力－光性定律，得到随时间变化的双折射条纹级数历程，将其与正交异性动态光弹性实验的结果进行比较。实验及计算结果表明，在三个加载方向下，由这三种方法得到的双折射条纹级数历程均吻合良好，从而证明了前文提出的正交异性动态应力－光性定律在双轴应力状态下的正确性。     

冲击作用下含孔洞纤维增强复合材料平板的动力学实验与数值研究

作为复合材料动力学实验与数值研究的应用实例 ,实验研究采用正交异性动态光弹性方法 ,数值分析运用各向异性介质的时域边界元方法。纤维增强光弹性复合材料平板被用来模拟含孔洞的正交异性半无限域 ,用小口径步枪施加与纤维方向成 0及 90两个方向的冲击载荷 ,在正交异性动态光弹性实验中记录了应力波在孔洞周围的传播、反射与绕射过程 ,此过程被进一步转换成应力分量的变化时程 ,并与相应的时域边界元方法的数值分析结果进行了比较。     

正交异性光弹性应力分离的边界元法

本文对平面正交各向异性复合材料模型引入正应力线性和及边界上正应力线性和流的概念,提出从应力相容方程出发.用边界元法计算正交异性光弹性模型内任一点的正应力线性和位的方法,再与正交异性光弹性法中所给出的应力同的关系结合,即可进行正交异性光弹性应力的分离.最后,对边界元方法的精度进行了讨论.     

正交异性动态光弹性方法的几个基本问题的研究

文章对适用于动态研究的正交异性光弹性复合材料进行了分析，详细说明了光弹性复合材料中残余双折射的确定方法；基于静态下Ｈｙｅｒ和Ｌｉｕ应力－光性定律，提出了正交异性动态应力－光性定律，并对正交异性材料的动态力学参数及动态光弹性常数给出了实用的标定方法；最后，利用三个单轴压缩试件（０°，９０°及４５°），采用动态应变测量方法，证实了单轴应力状态下正交异性动态应力－光性定律的正确性。     

正交各向异性平面问题应力强度因子的边界元分析

本文给出了正交各向异性平面弹性问题的边界元方程，导出了常单元离散化时求系数的解析式。作为数值算例，计算了正交各向异性板的应力强度因子。结果表明，本文所导出公式的正确性。     

正交各向异性含液饱和多孔介质中应力波的传播

基于Biot的孔隙介质理论，研究了正交各向异性含液饱和多孔介质中应力波的传播特性．本文引入动态渗透率，导出了整个实频域内应力波传播的复特征方程及其解析解，给出了各种应力波成分的波速和衰减的解析表达武，计算了频散曲线和衰减曲线，并讨论了各类应力波之间的耦合关系及介质的各向异性对应力波传播的影响．     

动态光弹性方法的主应力分离的研究

本文提出了动态光弹性、动态焦散线实验方法同边界元法结合的混合法，并用这种方法解决了动态光弹性主应力分离的问题，首先对现有的多火花高速摄影系统进行了改造，在动态实验过程中，成功地得到了不同瞬时的清晰的动态光弹性的等差线条纹和动态焦散线系列图像，这样，便可提取不同瞬时的边界应力值、全场主应力差值及边界上的外载。继而提出用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换域上的边界元法来求解在冲击载荷作用下二维弹性模型全场的主应力和。最后，以受冲击载荷作用的圆盘为例，进行实验及边界元法计算，得到了分离的主应力场。     

正交各向异性韧性材料应力-应变关系

采用大变形弹塑性有限元方法分析了各向同性和正交各向异性韧性材料光滑圆棒拉伸试件的颈缩问题．首先给出了采用计算机模拟确定各向同性韧性材料真实应力-应变曲线的具体方法；对正交各向异性韧性材料的分析表明，颈缩截面呈椭圆形，其长短轴方向的等效塑性应变基本上均匀分布，与Bridgman假设一致；轴向拉伸载荷-位移曲线与其它两方向的各向异性参数关系不大．在此基础上，建议了一种确定正交各向异性韧性材料真实应力-应变曲线的方法．     

正交各向异性平面热弹性问题的边界元分析

给出了正交各向异性平面热弹性问题的边界积分方程、内点应力公式和常单元离散化时计算奇异积分的解析式，计算了正交各向异性板的热应力强度因子，结果表明了文中所导公式的正确性     

正交各向异性层状弹性半平面动力奇异解及其应用

本文采用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ－Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ联合变换及传递矩阵方法导出了正交各向异性层状弹性半平面动力问题的时域奇异解的解析表达式，讨论了奇异解的数值实施，并把奇异解应用于边界元，计算了地下直墙拱结构的动力响应问题。     

DUAL RECIPROCITY HYBRID BOUNDARY NODE METHOD FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL ELASTICITY WITH BODY FORCE

Combining Dual Reciprocity Method （DRM） with Hybrid Boundary Node Method （HBNM）, the Dual Reciprocity Hybrid Boundary Node Method （DRHBNM） is developed for three-dimensional linear elasticity problems with body force. This method can be used to solve the elasticity problems with body force without domain integral, which is inevitable by HBNM. To demonstrate the versatility and the fast convergence of this method, some numerical examples of 3-D elasticity problems with body forces are examined. The computational results show that the present method is effective and can be widely applied in solving practical engineering problems.     

热传导问题的比例边界等几何分析

提出比例边界等几何分析SBIGA(Scaled Boundary IsoGeometric Analysis)方法来求解热传导问题。SBIGA兼具比例边界有限元和等几何分析的优势,特别适用于求解包含无限域和奇异物理场的问题。该方法造型十分方便,在径向具有半解析性质,仅需在计算域边界上用NURBS基函数自然离散,为实现CAD/CAE无缝融合提供了新的途径,大大节约前处理和计算耗时。此外,SBIGA无需进一步与CAD系统数据交换就可以保型细分。三个基准算例证明了其在热传导分析中的有效性。与传统比例边界有限元相比,SBIGA模型消除了几何模型误差,并显示出更高的计算精度和收敛速度。     

A regular boundary element method for fluid flow

The Boundary Element Method is now well established as a valid numerical technique for the solution of field problems, equal to the Finite Element Method in generality and surpassing it in computational efficiency in some cases.¹ In this paper is presented a 'Regular Boundary Element Method' as applied to inviscid laminar fluid flow problems. It involves the formation of a system of regular integral equations obtained by moving the singularity outside the domain of the given problem. It is also shown that non-conforming elements may be used whereby freedoms are not defined at the geometric nodes under the boundary element discretization. A linear element is developed here; higher order variants could easily be defined. Satisfactory numerical results have been obtained using the proposed regular method with both conventional (continuous across the boundary) and non-conforming boundary elements for two-dimensional inviscid laminar fluid flow problems having regular and singular solutions.     

Energy domain integral applied to solve center and double-edge crack problems in three-dimensions

A three-dimensional Boundary Element Method (BEM) implementation of the energy domain integral for the numerical computation of the crack energy release rate is presented in this paper. The domain expression of the energy release rate is naturally compatible with the BEM, since stresses, strains and derivatives of displacements at internal points can be evaluated using the appropriate boundary integral equations. The pointwise crack energy release rate is evaluated along the three-dimensional crack front over a cylindrical domains that surround a segment of the crack front. The accuracy of the implementation is demonstrated by solving several problems, which include geometries containing straight as well as curved crack fronts.     

Boundary Element Calculation of Transient Response of Viscoelastic Solids Based on Inverse Transformation

Mixed boundary value problems of solid mechanics are treated by numericalsolutions of Boundary Integral Equations (BIE) in time domain with theBoundary Element Method (BEM) thus reducing the spatial problem dimensionby one. Viscoelastic constitutive behaviour is implemented by means of aLaplace transform technique based on an elastic--viscoelasticcorrespondence principle. The concept of fractional differintegrationgeneralizes conventional constitutive equations and provides improvedcurve fitting of measured material response with fewer parameters. As theimplementation of viscoelasticity is provided in each time step in theLaplace domain, efficient algorithms for the inverse transformation intime domain are needed. This is why the performance of adapted algorithmsby Talbot, Durbin and Crump are compared. The impact responseof a base plate bonded on a viscoelastic soil halfspace is discussed as anumerical example. Viscous forces increase the velocities of surface wavepropagation and cause attenuation in addition to the so called geometricaldamping by radiation.     

八节点等参元滑动接触算法的改进

分析认为采用八节点等参元计算滑动接触问题时,往往存在较大的接触应力计算误差的主要原因在于这种单元具有两种不同的节点。为此,本文提出了双模拟接触边界法,即分别采用两种不同的节点,形成两个模拟接触边界,并限制“从接触边界”上的节点只能和“主接触边界”上其同类节点形成的模拟接触边界形成接触关系,从而有效的减小了采用八节点等参元计算滑动接触问题时的误差。     

含孔正交各向异性复合材料板的动应力集中

运用一种改进的非结构化四边形格子法,对含孔正交各向异性板条受面内冲击拉伸时弹性应力波的传播过程和孔边的动应力集中进行了研究．非结构化格子法采用与有限元类似的网格剖分方法,并基于围绕每个节点的积分平衡方程,并自然满足复杂边界的自由边界条件．计算中不需存储刚度矩阵,因而计算速度快、效率高、节省内存,在解决应力波传播问题中具有显著的优越性．通过对多种工况进行数值模拟,分析了材料的各向异性性质、纤维方向、孔径比、加载脉冲周期等参数对孔边动应力的影响,得到了一些规律性的结果．并与现有实验结果进行对比,验证了该方法的有效性．     

A semi-analytical method with a system of decoupled ordinary differential equations for three-dimensional elastostatic problems

In this paper, a new semi-analytical method is presented for modeling of three-dimensional (3D) elastostatic problems. For this purpose, the domain boundary of the problem is discretized by specific subparametric elements, in which higher-order Chebyshev mapping functions as well as special shape functions are used. For the shape functions, the property of Kronecker Delta is satisfied for displacement function and its derivatives, simultaneously. Furthermore, the first derivatives of shape functions are assigned to zero at any given node. Employing the weighted residual method and implementing Clenshaw–Curtis quadrature, coefficient matrices of equations’ system are converted into diagonal ones, which results in a set of decoupled ordinary differential equations for solving the whole system. In other words, the governing differential equation for each degree of freedom (DOF) becomes independent from other DOFs of the domain. To evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method, which is called Decoupled Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method (DSBFEM), four benchmark problems of 3D elastostatics are examined using a few numbers of DOFs. The numerical results of the DSBFEM present very good agreement with the results of available analytical solutions.     

Boundary integral equation method for general viscoelastic analysis

From basic assumptions of viscoelastic constitutive relations and weight residual techniques a Boundary Element procedure is achieved for both Kelvin and Boltzmann models. Imposing spatial approximations and adopting convenient kinematical relations for strain velocities, a system of time differential equations is achieved. This system is solved adopting linear approximations for displacements, resulting in a time marching methodology. This approach avoids the use of relaxation functions and makes easier changes in boundary conditions along time, natural or essential. An important feature of the resulting technique is the absence of domain discretizations, which simplify the treatment of problems involving infinite domains (tunnels and cavities inside the soil). Some examples are shown in order to demonstrate the accuracy and stability of the technique when compared to analytical solutions.     

改进的平均源边界节点法模拟平面位势问题

平均源边界节点法ASBNM是一种最近提出的边界型无网格法。该方法仅使用边界节点不涉及任何单元和积分的概念,具有方法简单和程序设计容易等特点。但是,对于依赖于边界积分方程的边界型无网格法,关键问题是如何准确高效地估计影响矩阵的对角元。本文提出直接计算影响矩阵对角元的方法,是已有ASBNM法的改进,将对角元的计算转化为一个纯几何问题,因此适用于任何二维边值问题。数值算例证明了本文方法的有效性和准确性。