针式萃取-气相色谱联用测定加油站附近空气中苯系物

提出了气相色谱法测定加油站附近空气中苯系物(甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯和间,对二甲苯)含量的方法。采用针式萃取装置对样品中的苯系物进行收集和富集,然后经气相色谱热解吸,采用SE 30毛细管色谱柱(30m×0.25mm,0.33μm)进行分离,用氢火焰离子化检测器进行测定。方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.36～1.32μg之间。方法的回收率在94.1%～104.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)在4.9%～8.7%之间。     

涡旋混合辅助超声提取-高效液相色谱法同时测定水基胶中的苯系物和邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

采用涡旋混合辅助超声提取样品的前处理方式,应用高效液相色谱法同时测定水基胶中的苯系物和5种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂.基于样品基质的属性,采用漩涡混合器混合样品,使样品均匀分散于萃取溶剂中,再使用超声萃取的方式提取目标物.研究了不同萃取溶剂、提取方式及其条件对目标物检测结果的影响.优选了色谱分析所用的流动相、检测波长、流量和进样量等条件.在优化条件下,5种苯系物和5种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的峰面积与其质量浓度呈线性关系,相关系数(R2)都大于0.997,回收率分别在91.9%~111.4%和88.3%~121.4%之间,相对标准偏差RSD分别在1.41%~2.80%和1.24%~2.94%之之间.检出限分别在0.3~0.6 mg/kg和0.2~0.3 mg/kg之间.研究表明方法简便、耗溶剂量少、准确,与现行标准方法具有较好的吻合性,适合于同时测定水基胶中的苯系物和5种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂.     

顶空气相色谱法同时测定树脂工艺品中7种残留苯系物

建立了顶空气相色谱(HS-GC)同时测定树脂工艺品中7种残留苯系物BTEX(苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯、苯乙烯)的方法。对溶剂种类、萃取温度、萃取时间及HG-GC分离测定条件进行优化。结果表明,在顶空温度为130℃、平衡时间为60 min、粉碎样品粒径低于2 mm、选择DB-WAX色谱柱的条件下,可获得良好的分离效果和定量结果。7种残留苯系物在0.1～500μg范围内具有良好的线性关系(r2>0.999)。方法的定量下限(LOQ,S/N=10)在0.1～0.4μg.g-1之间,加标回收率为93%～114%,相对标准偏差(RSDs,n=6)为0.7%～4.8%。所建立的方法快速、准确,适用于树脂工艺品中苯系物的测定。     

顶空单液滴微萃取-气相色谱法测定水中苯系物

采用顶空单液滴微萃取样品处理方法分离富集水中苯系物,用气相色谱法进行测定.考察了不同萃取剂、萃取条件对检测结果的影响.苯、甲苯、对二甲苯的检出限分别为0.05,0.05,0.03 μg·L-1,三种苯同系物的相关系数分别为0.999 2,0.998 5和0.997 2,回收率分别为98.3%,101.9%和97.3%.     

自动顶空毛细管气相色谱法测定水中8种苯系物

建立自动顶空-毛细管气相色谱同时测定水中8种苯系物的方法.采用stabilwax-DA色谱柱,对平衡温度、平衡时间等顶空条件进行了优化,并对水中苯系物进行测定.8种苯系物平均加标回收率为93.3%～115.0%,检出限为1.2～2.0 μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.8%～7.3%(n=6).该法操作简单、灵敏度高、重现性好,可以满足饮用水中苯系物的测定.     

采用原位聚合法制备固相微萃取涂层的初步研究

采用一步原位合成法制备了新型有机多孔聚合物涂层，并对其进行了初步评价研究．观察了单体浓度对其所制备涂层的萃取容量的影响，并优化了合成浓度．同时，在分析水体基质中的苯系物时，证明了该涂层对苯系物等含苯环物质具有选择性吸附的能力．     

高效液相色谱法测定建筑用胶中苯系物和邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

采用高效液相色谱法同时测定建筑用胶中苯系物和邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂。样品以乙酸乙酯为萃取剂超声提取,采用C18柱为固定相,乙腈、水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用二极管阵列检测器,在254 nm处测定。5种苯系物和5种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的峰面积与其质量浓度呈线性关系,线性范围在1~3个数量级之间,对苯系物的检出限(3S/N)在0.003~0.006 g.L-1之间,对邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的检出限(3S/N)在0.003 g.L-1之内。对水基型和溶剂型建筑用胶中各物质的回收率在98.1%~101.9%之间。5个实验室间对相同建筑用胶样品中不同目标物测定的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.8%~4.2%之间。     

原位自组装石墨烯固相微萃取探头的制备及其在水体苯系物分析中的应用

利用石墨烯的自组装性能,原位制备了基于石墨烯材料的固相微萃取(SPME)探头,并结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)建立了水体中甲苯、乙苯和邻二甲苯的分析方法。通过SEM对探头进行表征,发现制备的探头石墨烯材料均匀、牢固地结合在石英光纤上。通过优化萃取模式、萃取温度、萃取时间和盐度,得到最佳条件:顶空萃取模式、萃取温度为40℃、萃取时间为3 min、盐度为30%NaCl。在最佳条件下,3种苯系物在0.2～200μg/L范围内呈现出良好的线性,线性系数(r~2)为0.998 7～0.999 6;检出限为0.001 2～0.004 2μg/L;其相对标准偏差小于5%。对采集的3个样品进行测定,均不同浓度地测出了苯系物污染,其加标回收率为90.3%～111%。该方法可用于环境水样中挥发性苯系物的分析检测。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定地表水中10种痕量苯系物北大核心CSCD

采用多孔聚偏氟乙烯膜包裹多壁碳纳米管制备成多孔膜保护固相微萃取装置,该装置经水洗涤、甲醇活化、干燥后,放入1 L样品中,包膜以500 r·min^(-1)的速率搅拌30 min,吸附富集痕量苯系物。取出包膜,在1 mL甲醇中解吸5 min后获得浓缩的苯系物样品,经气相色谱-质谱法分析,比对NIST 14谱库并结合标准品的气相色谱保留时间对其中的10种痕量苯系物进行定性,采用外标法定量。结果表明,应用自制的固相微萃取装置,可有效去除体系的基质干扰,提高萃取效率,与NIST 14谱库比对定性,富集的10种苯系物的匹配度均不小于90%,说明方法定性准确。定量分析时,10种苯系物的质量浓度在1.000~1 000 ng·L^(-1)内与对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限为0.010~0.013 ng·L^(-1)。按照标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为97.5%~100%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.89%~1.5%。方法用于测定12份实际水样,其中1份样品中氯苯检出量为179.0 ng·L^(-1),1份样品中对二甲苯检出量为151.0 ng·L^(-1)。     

固相微萃取新型活性炭涂层萃取头的研究

利用合成的有机硅树脂胶粘剂和活性炭微粉首次制成活性涂层萃取头。通过苯系物(BTEX)表征了涂层表观结构、厚度及萃取性能。对苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯、邻二甲苯等进行固相微萃取,结果表明:该萃取头热稳定性好,最高使用温度可达290℃;使用寿命长,250℃解吸条件下反复使用140余次以后,膜层没有脱落或性能下降的现象。该涂层对苯系物的最低检出质量浓度在0 21～0 94μg L之间。与100μm的商品聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)涂层相比,对苯系物的富集能力整体上相当。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.