STUDIES ON ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS OF TITANIUM,ZIRCONIUM AND HAFNIUM——THE SYNTHESES AND PROPERTIES OF BIS (CYCLOPENTADIENYL) AND BIS (METHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL) DI(ARYL)-METAL DERIVATIVES

Aryllithium reacts with Cp_2MCl_2 and Cp'_2 MCl_2 (C_p=η~5-C_5H_5, C_P′=η~5-CH_3C_5H_4:M=Ti, Zr, Hf) respectively to prepare a series of new bis (cyclopentadienyl), bis (methy-lcyclopentadienyl) diaryl derivatives of titanium, zirconium and hafnium. The hydrolysicreaction of these organometallic compounds are studied, the derivatives of zirconium andhafnium can be easily hydrolyzed with the exception of that of titanium. They react withhydrogen chloride, acetyl chloride, bromine and haloacids to form the respective bis(cyclo-pentadionyl) dihalides of these metals. The NMR and IR spectra were discussed in regardto the structure of (η~5--CH_3C_5H_4)_2 MAr_2 and (η~5--CH_3C_5H_4)_2 MX_2.     

THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES OF THE COMPLEXES FORMED BY TiCl_4 AND MgCl_2 WITH ESTERS——A RESEARCH ON THE STRUCTURE OF HIGHLY EFFICIENT CATALYSTS FOR POLYPROPYLENE

The complexes of TiCl_4, MgCl_2 and esters which are significant in industry have beenstudied by X-ray diffraction, IR and uv spectra. Their single crystal structures have also beendetermined. TiCl_4 and PhCOOEt can form two complexes, TiCl_4·L and TiCl_4·2L·MgGl_2, CH_3COOEtand H_2O form complex MgCl_2·2CH_3COOEt·2H_2O. All of them are molecular crystals. Theirspacial groups are C_(2h)~5-P2_1/c, C_(2h)~5-P2_1/n and C_(2h)~6-C_2/c respectively. From the XRD powderpattern, it has been ascertained that TiCl_4·L is formed in the process of the catalyst prepara-tion with milling-soaking method. Comparison between the IR spectra of the catalyst and Mgcomplex indicates that the coordinative bonds of the surface complex of the catalyst are verysimilar to that of the complex.     

CHEMISTRY OF THE PERFLUORO AND POLYFLUORO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS——THE RELATIVE EASE OF FORMATION OF TWO PERFLUOROALKYL R ADICALS

The relative rates of formation of perfluoro iso-propyl radicals (i—C_3F_7,5(i)) and perfluoro n-propyl radicals (n—G_3F_7, 5(n)) are reported. The relative rate constants of β-scission and of bromine abstraction by perfluoro-(α-alkoxyethyl)radicals(RFOCFCF_3:R_F=i—C_3F_7, 3(i); R_F=C_3F_, 3(n)), designated as kr(i) and k,(n), were measured at 7 temperatures in the range of 50—80℃, thence the ratio of the relative rate constants of formation of perfluoro iso-propyl radicals (5(i) and perfluoro n-propyl radicals (5(n)), K_β(i):K_β(n), were obtained. These ratios range from 540—680 at 50℃ to 400—590 at 80℃, much larger than those of the corresponding hydrocarbon radicals. Finally, the differences of activation-free-energy differences between 3(i) and 3 (n), △G~≠(i—n), together with the corresponding enthalpy and entropy terms, △H~≠(i—n), △S~≠(i- n), were calculated. These kinetic parameters indicate that the much higher rate of formation of the perfluoro iso-propyl radicals is caused     

SYNTHESES AND STRUCTURES OF POLYPHENYLSILSESQUIOXANES

Phenyltrichlorosilane was hydrolyzed both ifi. toluene and in ether from which two kinds of prepolymers were obtained with different structures, molecular weights, and molecular weight distributions. Polymers were prepared from the prepolymers in various polymerization conditions. The ladderlike, branched, and crosslinked structures formed under different polymerization conditions were characterized by means of FTIR, ~1H and ~(29)Si-NMR, and elemental analysis. Azeotropic distillation of solvents and H_2O formed during polymerization was found useful in removing H_2O from the system and high molecular weight products with perfect ladderlike structure were obtained.     

STUDY ON THE SIMULTANEOUS PYROLYSIS OF ETHANE-PROPANE MIXTURE IN PULSED MICRO-REACTOR SYSTEM~*

The authors have investigated the simultaneous pyrolysis of ethane-propane mixture in pulsed micro-reactor system designed and assembled by themselves in the following reaction conditions: temperature 700—825°G, residence time 0.04—2.0 s, inlet pressure 1.06—1.3×10~5Pa, dilution ratio N_2:(C_2H_6+C_3H_8)=1:1.25, mole ratio of ethane to propane in the mixture feedstock C_2H_6; C_3 H_8 =1:0—0:1. The synergistic effect between the components of mixed feedstocks in pyrolysis process has been studied The model of free radical reaction scheme composed of 18 reaction components has been adyanced and the values of kinetic parameters have been estimated. The pyrolysis product distribution and selectivity calculated from this modal are close to those in literature. The present paper points out the way to utilize economically oil field gas and natural gas sources as the feedstocks of pyrolysis in ethylene plants.     

SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TWO NOVEL CARBENE AND CARBYNE COMPLEXES OF RHENIUM

The cationic carbyne complex of rhenium, [π-C_5H_5(CO)_2ReCC_6H_5] BBr_4(Ⅰ), in tetrahy-drofuran reacted with 1-lithiocarborane at low temperature, with addition of the carbo-ranyl anion to earbyne earbon and carbonyl carbon atoms to give two novel carbene andcarbyne complexes of rhenium, π-cyclopentadienyl (dicarbonyl) [(1-earboranyl) (phenyl)carbene] rhenium π-C_5H_5 (CO)_2ReC (C_2HB_(10)H_(10)) C_6H_5, (Ⅱ) and π-cyclopentadienyl-(carbonyl)(1-carboranylformacyl) (phenylcarbyne) rhenium π-C_5H_5 (CO) (COC_2HB_(10)H_(10)) ReCC_6H_5 (Ⅲ).This fact indicates that there are two electrophilic centers in the cationic carbyne complexⅠ. At room temperature the complex Ⅲ in solution transformed gradually into the complexⅡ. The complexes Ⅱ and Ⅲ were identified by elemental analyses, IR, ~1H NMR and massspectra, and finally by their single crystal X-ray structure determinations. The possiblereaction mechanism is suggested and discussed in this paper.     

THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE ADDITION COMPOUND OF DECAVANADIC ACID AND 5,7-DIMETHYL-2, 3-DIHYDRO-1, 4-DIAZEPINIUM

The title compound crystallizes in the space group C_(2h)~5-P2_1/n with unit cell constantsa=10.938 A, b=19.189 A, c=13.384 A and β=105.09°. Intensities of 4022 independent reflec-tions were collected with four-circle diffractometer using MoKa radiation. After reduction fordiffractometer data, we derived first the position parameters of all the V atoms by directmethod using SHELXTL program. The coordinates of all the non-hydrogen and hydrogenatoms were obtained from successive Fourier and difference sytheses. The block-diagonalleast-squares refinement for all atoms gave a final discrepancy weighted factor R_w=0.050. The result of structure analysis shows that four protons of each decavanadic acid arecaptured by the nitrogen atoms involved in the azepine molecules which are condensation pro-ducts of ethylenediamine with acetylaceton. In crystal, the isopoly-decavanadate anion, 7-member heterocyclic azepium and the crystal water are linked together by ionic forces andhydrogen bonding and the chemical content within a unit cell has been identified as 2[H_2V_(10)O_(28)]~(-4)·8[C_7N_2H_(13)]~( 1)·12H_2O.     

THE STUDY OF SPECTRA AND X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A NOVEL BIONICS INSECTICIDE——(CH_3)_2NHCH(CH_2S_2O_3)_2Na·H_2O

IR and NMR spectra of novel bionics insecticide—C_5NS_4O_6H_(12)Na·H_2O have been studied. The molecular and crystal structures of the compound also have been determined. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C_(2h)~5, - P2_1/n with α= 8.0972. (9) , b =16.262(4), c = 10.370(3), β= 94.26(2)° and z = 4.The result shows that N atom in this compound captures a proton to form HN~ group, Na~ is in statistical disorder. Therefore, the structural formula of tho compound is (CH_3)_2HN~ —CH(CH_2S_2O_3~-)_2·1/2 (Na~ )_2·H_2O.     

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL THIOPHENEDIMETHYLENE BRIDGED HOMOBINUCLEAR METALLOCENES AND THEIR CATALYTIC PROPERTIES FOR ETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION

By treating disodium(thiophenedirnethylene)dicyclopentadienide C_4H_2S(CH_2C_5H_4Na)_2 with two equivalent of CpTiCl_3 or CpZrCl_3 DME at 0℃ in THF,two new thiophenedimethylene bridged binuclear metallocenes [Cl_2MC_5H_5][C_5H_4CH_2C_4H_2SCH_2C_5H_4][C_5H_5MCl_2](M=Ti 3,M=Zr 4)were synthesized in high yield and their structures were characterized by ~1H-NMR.These complexes were used as catalysts for ethylene polymerization in the presence of methylaluminoxane(MAO).The effects of polymerization temperature,time,concentration of catalyst,molar ratio of MAO/Cat on polymerization were studied in detail.The catalytic activities of thiophenedimethylene bridged binuclear metallocene catalysts(3,4)reached 2.44×10~5 g PE mol~(-1)·cat~(-1)·h~(-1),9.61×10~5 g PE mol~(-1)·cat~(-1)·h~(-1) respectively,which are higher than that of pheneyldimethylene bridged binuclear metallocene catalysts and much higher than that of corresponding mononuclear metallocenes(Cp_2TiCl_2 and Cp_2ZrCl_2).The molecular weight distribution curves of polyethylenes produced by binuclear metallocene catalysts(3,4)and by mononuclear metallocene catalyst have only single peak,but the former(MWD=3.5-4.7)is obviously broader than the latter(MWD=2.0-2.2).     

UV LASER INITIATED STEREOSELECTIVE HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS POLYMERIZATION OF PHENYLACETYLENE

In this paper, the stereoselective homogeneous catalysis polymerization of phenylacetylene by using two kinds of catalysts W(CO)_5CH_3I and W(CO)_4I_2 produced from UV laser photolysis of W (CO)_6 in CH_3I, I_2—C_6H_6 and CHI_3—C_6H_6 respectively was studied. The effects of laser energy, laser irradiation time and lifetime of catalyst on the polymerization of phenylacetylene were discussed. The photoproducts of W (CO)_6 in CH_3I, I2—C_6H_6 and CHI_3—C_6I_6 were determined by IR spectra. The structures of polyphenylacetylene obtained by W (CO)_5CH_3I and W (CO)_4I_2 catalysts were characterized by IR spectra and ~1H NMR spectra.     

SYNTHESIS OF PROPIONIC ACID AND ITS ESTER FROM CARBON MONOXIDE AND ETHANOL OVER SUPPORTED BIMETAL Ni-Cu CATALYSTS

Under atmospheric pressure,the effects of different carriers,reac-tion temperature and C_2H_5I/C_2H_5OH ratio on synthesis of propionic acid and itsester from carbon monoxide and ethanol over supported bimetal Ni-Cu catalystswere studied.The results show that the active carbon is the best carrier.UsingC_2H_5I circularly in reaction,the space-time yield of propionic acid and its esteris150-180g/kg·h and the yield of acid arid ester is50-60%during a700 hconsecutive reaction.The influences of Cu content in catalyst,O_2 content inCO,CO/C_2H_5OH ratio and reaction temperature on the distribution of producthave also been studied.The reaction for testing the stability of the catalyst iscarried out.     

STUDIES ON SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE CRYSTAL OF TRIADIC COMPLEX {Mo[S_2CN(C_2H_5)_2]_4}~( 1){FeCl_4}~(-1){C_6H_5CH_2SSCH_2C_6H_5}

In this paper, a new complex {Mo[S_2CN(C_2H_5)_2]_4}~( 1){FeCl}~(-1){C_6H_5CH_2SSCH_2C_6H_5} is syn-thesized by the reaction of MoCl_5, FeCl_3, PhCH_2SH and diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC)in MeOH. The complex is characterized by X-ray, IR, UV-visible, reflection spectra, themeasurements of magnetic susceptibility, differential thermal and elemental analyses. The crystal of triadic complex containing multi-bond species is quite stable and rare.     

LINEAR ENTHALPY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HEATS OF FORMATION OF COMPLEX COMPOUNDS AND HEATS OF PRO TONATION OF LIGANDS——COPPER(Ⅱ)-N-(PARA-SUBSTITUTED PHENYL) GLYCINES

The heats of protonation of N-(para-substituted phenyl) glycines (R—C_6H_4—NHCH_2COOH, R=CH_3O, CH_3, H, C1) and the heats of formation of these amino acids with copper(Ⅱ) have been determined calorimetrically at 25℃ in 30% (v/v) ethanol in the presence of 0.1M sodium perchlorate. The data obtained conform nicely to the equation △H_(ML)-Q-β△H_(HL) where △H_(ML) denotes the heats of formation of complex compounds, △H_(HL) denotes the heats of protonation of the ligands, and Q and β are constants.     

THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A NOVEL INCLUSION COMPOUND——TETRAKIS

The title compound crystallizes in the space group C_5~4 with unit cell constants a=17.900 (5)A, b=18.466 (7)A, c=15.483 (4)A, β=92.78 (2)°and contains four formulaunits of MoFeS_(10)Cl_4N_4C_(34)H_(54). Intensities of 3499 independent reflections are collected withdiffractometer using MoKa radiation. The y coordinates of the Mo atoms are derived fromthe Patterson function. The parameters of the other atoms are found from successive Fourierand difference syntheses. The block-diagonal least-squares refinement for all atoms gives a final discrepancy factorR = 0.054. The result of structure analysis shows that this inclusion compound consists of threekinds of structural units and the oppositely charged complex ions [Mo(S_2CN(Et)_2)_4]~ and[FeCl_4]~- form a very interesting ionic host framework with infinite tunnels extending alongC direction and containing guest disulfide molecules PhCH_2SSCH_2Ph.     

STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF 1-OCTENE ZIEGLER-NATTA POLYMERIZATION BASED ON THE NUMBER OF ACTIVE CENTERS

The number of active centers (C_p)-t and k_p-t profiles of Solvay type TiCl_3 - AlR_3 (R=C_2H_5, i-C_4H_9) or Stauffer AA TiCl_3-Al (C_2H_5)_3 catalyzed 1-octene polymerization were determined by using an acetyl chloride quenching method as well as kinetic data. The results show that in the studied systems k_p decreases when C_p increases, indicating the presence of two or more types of different active centers. The C_(p~(-t)) plots of the Solvay TiCl_3-AlR_3 systems show the presence of both stable active centers and unstable centers which decay in the polymerization process. The phenomena are explained based on a model of active center plurality. The increases of C_p in the induction periods are also discussed.     

SURFACE COMPOSITION AND OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE OVER Sm-Li-MgO CATALYST

The surface composition of Sm-Li-MgO catalysts and their behaviorin OCM have been investigated using the kinetic method,XRD and XPS.Wediscovered that lithium played an important role in the activity and C_2(C_2H_4+C_2H_6)selectivity of catalysts.The major reasons for catalyst deactivation arethe loss of lithium and the transformation of catalysts during the period ofreaction.     

STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURE OF FORKED CONJUGATIVE SYSTEMS——THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND CONFORMATION OF 2-BENZOYLTHIOPHENE

The crystal structure and the conformational properties of the title compound have been investigated by means of X-ray single diffraction and the PCILO methods. C_(11)H_8OS belongs to the orthorhombic system, the space group is P2_12_12_1, a=11.945(4), b 10.236(7), c=7.649(4), Z=4, D_c-1.37g/cm~3. The molecule is not planar structure because of steric hindrance. The thiophene ring and the phenyl ring make dihedral angles of 21°(θ_1) and 32°(θ_2) with the carbonyl frame plane, respectively. The lowestenergy conformation obtained by PCILO calculation is in agreement with the crystallinestatc conformation. In this paper, the molecular structure, the influence of steric hindrance and the groups' abilities to conjugate upon the conformation and the variations of the potential energy of the isolated molecule in the whole conformational space are discussed.     

STUDIES ON OLEFIN-COORDINATING TRANSITION METAL CARBENE COMPLEXES (Ⅺ)——SYNTHESIS, SPECTRA AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF NEW TYPE OF ISOMERIZED PRODUCTS OF CYCLOHEXADIENE-(DICARBONYL) [ETHOXY(ARYL)CARBENE]IRON COMPLEXES

Reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene(tricarbonyl)iron I with aryllithium, ArLi (Ar=C_6H_(53)-m-, p-CH_3C_6H_4, p-CH_3OC_6H_4, p-CF_3C_6H_4), in ether at low temperature, followed by subsequent alkylstion of the acylmetalates formed with Et_3OBF_4 in aqueous solution at 0°G gave 5 crystalline compounds with the compositions of C_6H_8(CO)_2FeC(OC_2H_5)Ar Ⅱ—Ⅵ formulated as isomerized products of cyclohexadiene(dicarbonyl)[ethoxy(aryl)earbene]iron complexes based on elemental analyses, spectral studies and single crystal X-ray structure determination. The results from syntheses, spectroscopic experiments and X-ray diffraction are reported, and a possible reaction mechanism is tentatively proposed in this paper.     

PREPARATION AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TETRAMETHYLETHENE-BRIDGED DICYCLOPENTADIENYLSAMARIUM (Ⅲ) COMPLEX

(CH_3)_4C_2(C_5H_4)_2Sm(C_5H_5)OC_4H_, Mr=499.4, orthorhombic, Cc2a, a=11.696(6), b=12.539(5), c=29.432(15), V=4316(4)~, Z=8, Dc=1.54g. cm~(-3), μ (MoKα)=27.8cm~(-1), F(000)=2024, R=0.077 for 1833 observed reflections. In the molecule the samarium atom is bonded to three cyclopentadienyl rings and an oxygen of tetrahydrofuran(THF). The three centroids of the cyclopentadienyl rings and the oxygen form a tetrahedral configuration around the Sm(Ⅲ) atom, The average Sm-C(η~) bond distances for the three cyclopentadienyl groups are 2.72(3), 2.76(3), 2.78(8) respectively, and Sm-0 bond is 2.53(1).     

PREPARATION AND X—RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF [(C_6H_5)_2PCH_2CH-2P(C_6H_5)_2]Fe(NO)_2

The complex [(C_6H_5)_2PCH_2CH_2P(C_6H_5)_2]Fe (NO)_2, was easily synthesized by the reaction of Fe (CO)_5, NaNO_2 and (C_6H_5)_2PCH_2CH_2P(C_6H_5)_2 (dppe) in methanol and determined by X—ray diffraction which denoted that the title complex has two crystallographically independent molecules in its asymmetric unit.