红霉素作为手性选择剂对手性药物的毛细管电泳拆分

以大环内酯类抗生素红霉素作为手性选择剂，在普通熔融石英毛细管上对两种酸性联苯双酯类保肝的性药物进行了毛细管电泳手性拆分研究；当用30mmol/L的红霉素、50mmol/L的磷酸盐体系（pH=6.0，含50％（Φ）的甲醇）时两种手性化合物的分离度分别为3.11和8.28，证明红霉素可以作为一种新的手性选择剂应用于毛细和泳手性分离中；通过实验研究了缓冲液种类及浓度、红霉素浓度、分离电压及温度、样品载入量、有机添加剂种类及含量对手性分离的影响。     

阿米卡星作为手性选择剂对后马托品对映体的毛细管电泳拆分

以氨基糖苷类抗生素阿米卡星作为手性选择剂,在普通熔融石英毛细管上对后马托品进行了毛细管手性拆分研究.考察了影响分离的因素:诸如阿米卡星的浓度、背景电解质的种类和pH、有机添加剂的种类和含量、分离电压和毛细管柱温度等.通过优化实验条件,在30 mmol/L的磷酸盐(含15 mmol/L阿米卡星,30%(￠)甲醇)缓冲溶液中,分离电压为14 kV,温度24℃,使后马托品对映体得到了拆分.结果表明阿米卡星可以作为一种新的手性选择剂应用于毛细管电泳手性拆分.     

毛细管区带电泳分离西孟坦对映异构体

以β-CD为手性选择剂,采用毛细管区带电泳成功分离了西孟坦对映异构体。考察了背景电解质中硼砂缓冲液的pH和浓度、β-CD浓度、有机添加剂甲醇含量及分离电压对手性分离的影响,建立了毛细管电泳分离西孟坦对映异构体的方法。最佳分离条件为：20mmol／L硼砂缓冲液(pH11．0,含12mmol／Lβ-CD)-甲醇(50：50,V/V);分离电压20kV。在此条件下西孟坦对映异构体可达基线分离。在25～50mg／L范围内,迁移时间的重复性(RSD)控制在1．9％之内,峰面积重复性的RSD小于4．0％,本方法可用于西孟坦对映异构体的手性分离和定量分析。     

肝糖选择剂-毛细管电泳手性拆分盐酸度洛西汀对映体及分离机制

以肝糖为毛细管电泳手性选择剂,对盐酸度洛西汀对映体的分离进行研究,建立了拆分方法.考察了手性选择剂浓度、运行缓冲液的离子强度、pH值及分离电压对手性分离的影响.在3.0% (m/V)肝糖、50 mmol/L Tris-H3PO4(pH 3.0)的运行缓冲液中,分离电压25 kV时,盐酸度洛西汀两对映体分离度达1.84.对分离机制进行了初步探讨.     

手性配体交换毛细管电泳分离并拆分α-羟基酸对映体的研究

利用手性配体交换毛细管电泳模式，以铜(Ⅱ)为中心离子，L-脯氨酸为手性配体的配合物作手性选择子分离并拆分了3种α-羟基酸；分离条件为10mmol／L磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH4．5)，50mmol／L Cu(AC)2和100mmol／L L-脯氨酸，分离电压20kV，温度为25℃。并考察了缓冲液pH值、选择子浓度以及温度等影响分离效果的因素，进一步优化了分离条件，取得了满意的分离结果。     

以L-白氨酸为手性选择剂用毛细管电泳法拆分12种手性药物

 建立了一种以L 白氨酸为手性选择剂用毛细管区带电泳法快速分离 12种手性药物的方法。实验结果表明 ,手性对映体的分离度受L 白氨酸浓度和缓冲液 pH的影响。在含有 70mmol/LL 白氨酸 ,5 0mmol/L硼砂 (pH9.0 )的溶液中 ,12种手性药物在 11min之内得到了基线分离。     

离子液体作为添加剂的毛细管电泳法拆分盐酸金刚乙胺

将新离子液体[EIMCH2CONHBu]BF4用于毛细管电泳法拆分手性药物,建立了以β-环糊精为手性选择剂拆分盐酸金刚乙胺对映体的毛细管电泳方法。分别考察了离子液体浓度,手性选择剂浓度,缓冲溶液种类、浓度及pH值,分离电压等参数对分离度的影响,从而确定了盐酸金刚乙胺对映体的最佳拆分条件:[EIMCH2CONHBu]BF4溶液体积分数3.2%,β-环糊精18 mmol/L,NaH2PO4 15 mmol/L,缓冲液pH 3.03,分离电压15 kV。在优化的实验条件下,盐酸金刚乙胺对映体得到基线分离,分离度可达1.51。实验结果表明[EIMCH2CONHBu]BF4能够增强β-环糊精的手性拆分能力,对手性拆分有协同作用。     

毛细管电泳法手性拆分达卢生坦中间体2-羟基-3-甲氧基-3,3-二苯基丙酸

建立了毛细管电泳法拆分2-羟基-3-甲氧基-3,3-二苯基丙酸的方法.考察了背景电解质的pH值和浓度、手性选择剂的种类及浓度、有机改性剂种类及浓度对分离的影响,并对分离条件进行了优化.实验结果表明,在60 mmol/L磷酸氢二钠(pH=9.10)为运行缓冲溶液,舍35.7 mmol/L羟丙基-β-环糊精和5%甲醇的体系...     

毛细管电泳分离手性药物罗格列酮钠对映体的方法研究

以环糊精及其衍生物为手性选择剂,通过优化缓冲液的浓度、酸度以及采用环糊精的种类和浓度等,建立了罗格列酮钠对映体的水介质和非水介质两种毛细管电泳拆分方法.最佳条件为：150 mmol/LTris-H3PO4缓冲液,pH=2.0,含有1 mmol/Lβ-CD或DM-β-CD,10%（ψ）甲醇的运行液,分离电压为25 kV,检测波长215 nm.也可以使用含有9 mmol/L HDMS-β-CD,20 mmol/L磷酸和10 mmol/L NaOH的甲醇电泳液.两种拆分体系均实现了罗格列酮钠对映体的基线分离,而且拆分效率基本相当.方法简便、快速,可作为罗格列酮钠的手性分离方法.     

高效毛细管电泳同时拆分外消旋头孢他啶及头孢曲松钠

用毛细管电泳β－环糊精（β－CD）添加剂法同时拆分外消旋头孢他啶及头孢曲松钠，主要考察了影响分离和测定的因素：（β－CD浓度，背景电解质的pH值，分离电压和毛细管的柱温。通过优化得到了毛细管电泳手性分离头孢他啶及头孢曲松钠对映体的实验方法，在280nm处进行紫外检测，分离温度为25℃，压力进样6s，分离电压为28kV，背景缓冲液含50mmol/L磷酸二氢钠、0.4mmol/Lβ－环糊精（β-CD）、3.0mmol/L（三羟甲基）氨基甲烷（Tirs),pH为7.15的条件下，头孢他啶及头孢曲松钠同时能达到基线分离。对其拆分机理进行了探讨。     

酸催化的二芳基甲醇脱水环化氧化芳构化直接构筑4-芳基喹啉

我们发展了酸催化的二芳基甲醇的脱水环化氧化芳构化的方法,直接高产率（高达81%）的合成轴手性的4-芳基喹啉.而且,Lewis酸Zn（OTf）₂和手性膦酸都能催化这个反应,初步的不对称研究可以用er 71：29得到产物.     

双手性选择单元手性固定相的研究进展

手性固定相（chiral stationary phase,CSP）作为手性色谱分离的核心技术,在手性化合物的识别和分离中得到广泛应用。以双手性选择单元结合作为CSP是近些年的研究热点,研究表明,两种手性选择单元相结合的CSP可增加手性识别位点,显著提高分离效果。本文介绍了近几年双手性选择单元手性固定相在手性分离中的研究进展,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

Simultaneous chiral analyses of multiple analytes: case studies, implications and method development considerations

The field of chiral separations had a modest beginning some two decades ago. However, due to rapid technological advancement coupled with simultaneous availability of innovative chiral stationary phases and novel chiral derivatization agents, the field of chiral separations has now totally outpaced many other separation fields. Keeping pace with rapid changes in the field of chiral separations, investigators continue to add stereoselective pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, pharmacologic and toxicological data of new and/or marketed racemic compounds to the literature. Examination of the evolution of chiral separations suggests that in the beginning many investigators attempted to separate and quantify a single pair of enantiomers, adopting either direct (separation made on a chiral stationary phase) or indirect (separation made following precolumn conversion of enantiomers to corresponding diastereomers) approaches. However, more recent trends in chiral separations suggest that investigators are attempting to separate and quantify multiple pairs of enantiomers with available technologies. Added to this, some interesting trends have been observed in many of the recently reported chiral applications, including preferences regarding internal standard selection, mobile phase contents and composition, sorting out issues with mass spectrometric detection, determination of elution order, analytical manipulations of metabolite(s) without reference standards and addressing some specificity-related issues. This review mainly focuses on chiral separations involving multiple chiral analytes and attempts to justify the need for such chiral separations involving multiple analytes. In this context, several cases studies are described on the utility and applicability of such chiral separations under discrete headings to provide an account to the readership on the implications of such tasks. The topics of case studies covered in this review include: (a) therapy markers--differentiation from drug abuse and/or applicability in forensics; (b) role in pharmacogenetic/polymorphic evaluation; (c) monitoring and understanding the role of parent and active metabolite(s) in clinical and preclinical investigations; (d) exploration on the pharmacokinetic utility of an active chiral metabolite vis-a-vis the racemic parent moiety; (e) understanding the chirality play in delineating peculiar toxic effects; (f) exploration of chiral inversion phenomenon, and understanding the role of stereoselective metabolism. For the further benefit of readership, some select examples (n = 19) of the separation of multiple chiral analytes with appropriate information on chromatography, detection system, validation parameters and applicable conclusion are also provided. Finally, the review covers some useful considerations for method development involving multiple chiral analytes.     

16种手性化合物在不同自制手性固定相上的拆分比较

采用高效液相色谱法,在自制的纤维素-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)(ATEO-OD)、纤维素-三(4-甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)(ATEO-OG)和纤维素-三(4-甲基苯基甲酸酯)(ATEO-OJ)3种手性柱上对16种不同结构的手性化合物进行了拆分和比较.试验结果表明:16个手性样品在这3种手性固定相上分别获得了不同程度的拆分,A TEO-OD对所分析样品具有更好的手性识别能力,ATEO-OG和ATEO-OJ的手性识别能力相当.     

Last ten years (2008–2018) of chiral ligand‐exchange chromatography in HPLC: An updated review

Chiral ligand‐exchange chromatography is one of the elective strategies for the direct enantioresolution of small chelating compounds: amino acids, diamines, amino alcohols, diols, small peptides, etc. Unlike other methods, the interaction between chiral selector and analyte enantiomers is mediated by a cation, thus producing diastereomeric ternary complexes. Two main approaches are conventionally applied in chiral ligand‐exchange chromatography. The first relies upon chiral stationary phases where the chiral selector is either covalently immobilized or physically adsorbed onto suitable packing materials (coated phases). In the second approach, chiral molecules are added to the eluent, thus generating chiral eluent systems. Among the advantages of chiral ligand‐exchange chromatography, the generation of UV/vis‐active metal complexes, and the use of commercially available or easy‐to‐synthesize chiral selectors, in combination to rather inexpensive achiral columns for coated phases and chiral eluents, are noteworthy. Besides amino acids and amino alcohols, other species have proven suitable for chiral ligand‐exchange chromatography applications. Recently, the use of either chiral ionic liquids or micellar liquid chromatography systems as well as the successful off‐column formation of diastereomeric complexes have expanded the selectivity profiles and application fields. All of these issues are touched in the review, shedding light to the contributions appeared in the last decade.     

环境中手性污染物对映体分析方法的研究进展

手性污染物对映体尽管具有相似的物理化学性质,但在环境中的吸附、转移、降解等过程往往存在一定差异。生态安全问题与人类健康密切相关,因此,对手性环境污染物进行对映体水平上的分离分析是十分重要的研究课题。目前,国内外对环境中的手性污染物已开展了相关研究,然而全面评述相关分析测定方法的新进展鲜有报道。本文主要对环境中手性污染物的种类以及近5年环境中手性污染物的分析检测技术如液相色谱-质谱联用法、气相色谱-质谱联用法、毛细管电泳法、超临界流体色谱-质谱联用法等进行了归纳、综述和展望,为后续手性污染物的分析检测提供依据和参考。     

手性2-(口恶)唑烷酮的无溶剂合成法

在无溶剂条件下,手性的β-氨基醇和脲在160-180℃反应0．5-1 h,在200℃反应0．5 h,高产率地获得手性噁唑烷酮。     

手性2-噁唑烷酮的无溶剂合成法

手性2-噁唑烷酮的无溶剂合成法;手性氨基醇;脲;手性噁唑烷酮     

Methods of studies on quantitative structure–activity relationships for chiral compounds

Chiral compounds are very important in drug development, organic synthesis, materials science, toxicology, or environmental chemistry. Therefore, for creating new drugs, several methods have been suggested in recent years. In several laboratories in the world, some new methods for the derivations of the parameters were constructed and used for studies on quantitative structure–activity/property relationships of chiral molecules. The algorithms reviewed in this paper involve Zargeb group chiral indices, chiral molecular connectivity index, chiral topological charge index, chiral A_m index, chiral indices based on the matrixes, chiral indices based on chiral product, conformation‐independent chirality code, conformation‐dependent chirality code, quantitative two‐dimensional chirality degrees of benzenoids, and so on. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.