在线液相-气相二维色谱测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯并[a]芘

建立了在线液相-气相二维色谱测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯并[a]芘方法.采用剑桥滤片捕集烟气粒相物,环己烷萃取,以D12-苯并[a]芘为内标,然后用在线液相-气相二维色谱测定:样品直接进样进入液相色谱,经微型硅胶柱分离,含苯并[a]芘的部位切割进人气相色谱,排干溶剂后启动气相色谱升温,经毛细管柱进行分离,用质谱检测.本方法将烟气苯并[a]芘测定中的硅胶柱层析和气相色谱-质谱分析在线连接起来,可不经样品前处理净化直接进样分析;而且每次进样可达40 μL,与常规气相色谱-质谱分析最大进样2.0 μ.L相比,分析灵敏度提高了20倍.方法线性范围达0.08～ 50 ng/L,相关系数为r2=0.999,回收率为94.2％～105.5％;检出限和定量限分别为0.09和0.30 ng/支,应用本方法对14个不同类型市售卷烟和2R4F标准烟进行了测定,结果与GB/T21130-2007测定结果相符合.     

在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱串联质谱法测定动物源性食品中氯霉素

建立了在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱串联质谱(GPC-GC-MS/MS)测定动物源性食品中氯霉素的方法。样品经提取、净化、衍生化和定容后,用大体积进样装置取100μL进样,过凝胶渗透色谱柱后由切换阀排出残留的脂肪和色素等大分子物质,剩余的组分经色谱柱分离,质谱选择EI源多反应监测模式(MRM)检测,内标法定量。氯霉素浓度在0. 25～10 ng/mL范围内和其衍生物与内标衍生物的峰面积比呈线性关系,相关系数r=0. 9976,检出限为0. 05μg/kg,在低、中和高3个添加水平下,回收率在84. 0%～96. 1%之间; RSDs在2. 1%～8. 2%之间。该方法检出限低,精密度和准确度高,适用于动物源性食品中氯霉素的测定。     

GPC-GC/MS法测定食用油中17种邻苯二甲酸酯的方法研究及其不确定度评估

建立用凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱/质谱分析食用油中17种邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)增塑剂的方法并对其不确定度进行评估。样品用环己烷-乙酸乙酯稀释,稀释液经凝胶柱净化后,采用气相色谱-质谱在选择离子检测(SIM)模式下进行定性定量分析并计算其不确定度。结果表明,除DINP外16种邻苯二甲酸酯都有较低的检出限(0.1μg/mL);对于17种增塑剂均有较好的精密度(RSD3%);17种增塑剂在1~8mg/L范围内线性关系良好;除苯酯、DNOP、DNP外其余邻苯二甲酸酯类均有较好回收率;扩展不确定度在1.58%~4.60%之间。因此,本法适用于食用油中PAEs的测定。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定卷烟主流烟气中烟草特有亚硝胺

研究了用气相色谱-质谱联用法,用选择离子监测技术测定卷烟主流烟气中烟草特有亚硝胺N'-亚硝基去甲基烟碱(NNN)和4-(N-亚硝基甲氨基)-1-(3-吡啶基)-1-丁酮(NNK).在标准吸烟条件下,将烟气粒相物收集在剑桥滤片上,用柠檬酸-磷酸盐缓冲液和环己烷对粒相物共提取,提取液相继用碱性氧化铝层析柱和固相萃取法进一步纯化.选用选择离子监测技术对亚硝胺定性和定量.在进样量2μL时,方法检出限为9.83μg·L-1(NNN)和16.92 μg·L-1(NNK),线性范围0.1～5.0 mg·L-1,相关系数分别为0.998,0.996,回收率分别为91.0%,94.8%.     

凝胶渗透色谱-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定烟草中3种抑芽剂残留

建立了用凝胶渗透色谱净化-液相色谱-串联质谱分析烟草中3种抑芽剂残留的方法。卷烟中的待测抑芽剂组分用V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(环己烷)=1∶1超声提取后通过凝胶渗透色谱净化;凝胶色谱柱为Biobeads S-X3玻璃柱(50 g,400 mm×25 mm),流动相为V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(环己烷)=1∶1溶液,流速5 mL/min;收集第10~25 min流出的液体用液相色谱色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱仪测定。在0.5~100 ng/mL的质量浓度范围内,各种抑芽剂标准溶液的线性相关系数均大于0.99。在样品中添加3种抑芽剂(添加水平为5,20,100μg/kg)的混合标准溶液,平均回收率在86.2%~108.4%之间,3种抑芽剂的RSD在1.1%~7.5%之间;方法的检测限在0.01~0.06μg/kg之间。     

TurboFlow在线净化/液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水果蔬菜中多菌灵、吡虫啉、啶虫脒与甲基硫菌灵的残留量

建立了TurboFlow在线净化/液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定水果蔬菜中多菌灵、吡虫啉、啶虫脒和甲基硫菌灵残留的方法。样品用乙腈提取,经Cyclone-p在线净化柱净化后,将富集的分析物洗脱转至Betasil Phenyl-hexyl C18分析柱,经色谱分离后,电喷雾串联质谱检测。结果表明,4种农药在1~50 ng/mL范围内呈良好线性,相关系数均大于0.999 7。方法的定量下限(LOQ)为10μg/kg。4种农药在3个水平的加标回收率为80.3%~109.9%,相对标准偏差为1.5%~7.8%。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的四种致癌物

N-亚硝基降烟碱（NNN）、4-（亚硝基甲氨基）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁酮（NNK）、N-亚硝基新烟草碱 （NAT）和N-亚硝基假木贼碱（NAB）是4种广泛存在于烟草和烟气中的致癌物,准确测定其含量对评估其对人体健康的影响有着重要的作用。采用液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-ESI MS/MS)技术建立了卷烟主流烟气中NNN、NNK、NAT和NAB的测定方法,并将其用于中国烤烟和混合型卷烟主流烟气的分析。卷烟主流烟气通过剑桥滤片捕集,捕集烟气后的滤片在加入100 μL氘代混合内标后用10 mL 100 mmol/L醋酸铵水溶液萃取,萃取液过水相滤膜后直接进行LC-ESI MS/MS检测。选用Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱,以流动相0.1%(v/v)乙酸水溶液和0.1%（v/v）乙酸甲醇溶液梯度洗脱,质谱检测采用正离子扫描,多反应监测模式。NNN、NNK、NAT和NAB的检出限分别为0.019、0.002、0.008和0.007 μg/L,回收率为84.9%～104.5%,相对标准偏差(n=8)为2.96%～6.65%。该方法的检出限低,特异性好,适用于卷烟主流烟气中NNN、NNK、NAT和NAB释放量的检测。     

在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中二异丙基萘、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基)己酯

建立了在线凝胶色谱-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中二异丙基萘、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基)己酯的方法。样品经正己烷液-液萃取,浓缩定容,经凝胶渗透色谱柱净化后,用DB-5MS色谱柱(25 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)分离,质谱检测,内标法定量。在0.5μg/L、1.5μg/L和3.0μg/L 3个加标浓度下,3种目标物的平均回收率在95.45%～107.80%之间,相对标准偏差在2.64%～6.26%之间,3种目标物的方法检出限分别为0.01μg/L、0.5μg/L和0.5μg/L。该方法操作简单,分析成本低,适合水中二异丙基萘、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸(2-乙基)己酯的检测。     

色谱-质谱联用技术测定化妆品中25种邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了乳液、霜、水以及油类化妆品中25种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的气相色谱-质谱和液相色谱-质谱测定方法。不同基质样品经不同方法净化处理后,采用气相色谱-质谱或液相色谱-质谱进行测定。气相色谱-质谱法采用DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱(30 m,250 mm×0.25μm),程序升温,选择离子模式同时测定21种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物。液相色谱-质谱采用MN EC-C18色谱柱(4.6×100 mm,2.7μm),以甲醇和0.1%甲酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速0.7 mL/min,采用电喷雾电离(ESI+),多反应监测(MRM)模式同时测定24种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物。25种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,回收率实验结果为89.3%~105.6%,RSD为0.4%~4.0%,检出限均小于0.3 mg/kg。方法适用于化妆品中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的全面筛查。     

沉积物中氯化石蜡与多氯联苯的分离及气相色谱-质谱检测

建立了沉积物中氯化石蜡(CPs)和多氯联苯(PCBs)的提取、分离和检测方法。沉积物样品用二氯甲烷索氏抽提,采用弗罗里硅土/硅胶复合柱纯化和分离。先用80 mL正己烷淋洗得到PCBs组分,再用60 mL二氯甲烷淋洗得到CPs组分,从而实现两者的有效分离。以气相色谱-低分辨质谱(负离子化学源)-选择离子监测技术测定CPs组分,气相色谱-质谱(电子轰击源)-选择离子监测技术测定PCBs,内标法定量,并对样品前处理条件和色谱质谱条件进行优化。在优化条件下,目标化合物(工业品CP52和22种PCB单体)的回收率为86%～99%,RSD<10%。24种短链氯化石蜡(SCCPs)和24种中链氯化石蜡(MCCPs)的方法检出限分别为0.144～3.47 ng/g和0.530～2.24 ng/g。PCBs(一氯～七氯)的方法检出限为0.220～1.08 ng/g。应用该方法检测了东江6个沉积物中CPs和PCBs的含量,沉积物样品中SCCPs的含量为0.245～1.58μg/g(干重),MCCPs的含量为0.538～1.83μg/g,PCBs的含量为1～100 ng/g。     

Metabolic study of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone to the enantiomers of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol in vitro in human bronchial epithelial cells using chiral capillary electrophoresis

4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) with one chiral center at the carbinol is a major metabolite of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). As tobacco specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs), NNK and NNAL are the most pulmonary carcinogens in tobacco products and smoke. In this paper, a chiral CE method modified with highly sulfated β-cyclodextrin (S-β-CD) was developed to investigate the stereoselective formation of NNAL from NNK in vitro in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. Combined with solid phase extraction (SPE) of the cell samples, NNK and NNAL enantiomers were baseline separated under the proposed CE conditions, with satisfactory recoveries (72.5-113% for NNK and (±)-NNAL) and low limits of detection (LOD, 2.5-3 μg/mL for NNK and (±)-NNAL). The cytotoxicity of NNK in NHBE cells was investigated through the cell counting kit (CCK) assay and proved to be highly dependent on the NNK's concentration. The metabolic results obtained from CE analysis demonstrated that NNK was preferentially metabolized to (+)-NNAL through carbonyl reduction. Meanwhile, the ratio of [(+)-NNAL]/[(-)-NNAL] was independent of NHBE cells' incubation time with NNK, but could be changed according to the original incubation concentration of NNK. This chiral CE method could be useful for the study on toxicology and metabolic transformations of related TSNAs.     

全自动固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的3种多环芳烃

以全自动固相萃取技术净化主流烟气萃取液,建立了卷烟主流烟气中苯并［a］芘、苯并［a］蒽和屈艹 3种多环芳烃的气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)测定方法。以吸烟机抽吸卷烟,并以剑桥滤片捕集卷烟主流烟气,然后以含氘代苯并［a］芘内标的环己烷溶液萃取滤片,萃取液经全自动固相萃取仪净化后以GC-MS/MS分离检测。结果表明,苯并［a］芘、苯并［a］蒽和屈艹 的检出限分别为0.05、0.16和0.23 ng/cig,回收率为91.5%～102.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5%。该方法的自动化程度高、操作简便、检出限低、重复性好,适用于卷烟主流烟气中苯并［a］芘、苯并［a］蒽 3种多环芳烃释放量的检测。     

UPLC-MS/MS对卷烟烟气中4种烟草特有亚硝胺的快速测定

建立了卷烟主流烟气中烟草特有亚硝胺的超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)测定方法。在标准吸烟条件下,采用剑桥滤片收集卷烟烟气粒相物,用醋酸铵缓冲液提取粒相物,经固相萃取净化后,以电喷雾正离子多反应监测方式,实现了烟气中N-亚硝基降烟碱、4-甲基亚硝基吡啶基丁酮、N-亚硝基新烟草碱和N-亚硝基假木贼碱的基线分离和快速测定。4种烟草特有亚硝胺在0~400μg/L范围内具有良好线性,相关系数大于0.998,定量下限为0.08~0.15μg/L,加标回收率为72%~104%,相对标准偏差为3.8%~9.7%。该方法灵敏、快速、准确,适用于卷烟烟气中烟草特有亚硝胺的测定。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中丙烯酰胺

建立了一种固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法(SPE-UPLC)快速检测主流烟气中丙烯酰胺的方法。使用剑桥滤片和吸收瓶捕集主流烟气后,蒸馏水做萃取溶剂,采用C18固相萃取小柱对样品液进行纯化,用UPLC检测,外标法定量。UPLC方法采用ACQUITY UPLCTMBEH C181.7μm 2.1×50 mm色谱柱,柱温30℃,流动相为V(乙腈)∶V(水)=6∶94,流速为0.15 mL/min,紫外检测器(TUV)检测波长为202 nm,分析时间为6 min。烤烟型香烟主流烟气中丙烯酰胺的含量为4.75μg/cig。方法的线性范围为0.1~10 mg/mL,线性相关系数为0.9999;平均回收率为98.7%;检出限为10 ng/mL(S/N=3);相对标准偏差为2.3%。该方法适合主流烟气中丙烯酰胺的快速检测。     

Measurement of nitrogen dioxide in cigarette smoke using quantum cascade tunable infrared laser differential absorption spectroscopy (TILDAS)

Although nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) has been previously reported to be present in cigarette smoke, the concentration estimates were derived from kinetic calculations or from measurements of aged smoke, where NO(2) was formed some time after the puff was taken. The objective of this work was to use tunable infrared laser differential absorption spectroscopy (TILDAS) equipped with a quantum cascade (QC) laser to determine if NO(2) could be detected and quantified in a fresh puff of cigarette smoke. A temporal resolution of approximately 0.16s allowed measurements to be taken directly as the NO(2) was formed during the puff. Sidestream cigarette smoke was sampled to determine if NO(2) could be detected using TILDAS. Experiments were conducted using 2R4F Kentucky Reference cigarettes with and without a Cambridge filter pad. NO(2) was detected only in the lighting puff of whole mainstream smoke (without a Cambridge filter pad), with no NO(2) detected in the subsequent puffs. The measurement precision was approximately 1.0 ppbVHz(-1/2), which allows a detection limit of approximately 0.2 ng in a 35 ml puff volume. More NO(2) was generated in the lighting puff using a match or blue flame lighter (29+/-21 ng) than when using an electric lighter (9+/-3 ng). In the presence of a Cambridge filter pad, NO(2) was observed in the gas phase mainstream smoke for every puff (total of 200+/-30 ng/cigarette) and is most likely due to smoke chemistry taking place on the Cambridge filter pad during the smoke collection process. Nitrogen dioxide was observed continuously in the sidestream smoke starting with the lighting puff.     

Rapid quantitation of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and its metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in rat urine using ultra-fast liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UFLC/MS/MS)

The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a component of tobacco smoke and is rapidly metabolized to 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL). Limited information is available on the relative systemic exposures resulting from NNK administration via the oral, intraperitoneal injection, and inhalation routes. Moreover, there is a need for a rapid method for simultaneous quantitative analyses of NNK and NNAL in rat urine. We developed a method based on Ultra Fast Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (UFLC/MS/MS) for the extraction and analysis of the potent lung carcinogens NNK and NNAL. Following addition of synthetic labeled internal standards, urine was introduced to 96 well plate Evolute^® Express CX 30?mg solid phase extraction system. The eluates were dried under vacuum and reconstituted in mobile phase before injecting to the LC system. The use of UFLC allowed for a 7.1?min run time. The precision and accuracy of the samples was 1.2-6.6% relative standard deviation (%RSD) and 91-113% of the concentration added, respectively. The limits of detection for NNK and NNAL were 70 and 3.0?pg/mL, respectively. The selectivity and sensitivity of this method improves the ability to measure these compounds at low concentrations and greatly facilitate toxicological studies of the NNK and NNAL.     

卷烟主流烟气中NNK测量不确定度评定

对气相色谱-热能分析联用法测定卷烟主流烟气总粒相物中NNK含量的测量不确定度进行评定,分析了NNK含量检测的影响因素,计算了不确定度分量及合成不确定度,当NNK含量测定结果为27．4ng／支时,扩展不确定度为2．0ng／支。     

卷烟主流烟气中相关成分含量的快速检测方法

建立了一种快速测定卷烟主流烟气中相关成分的方法,其中包括一氧化碳、4-(甲基亚硝氨基)-3-吡啶-1-丁酮(NNK)、苯酚、巴豆醛、氨和氰化氢6种相关成分.采用在吸烟机上同时使用溶剂捕集和滤片捕集的方式,溶剂捕集氨、氰化氢和巴豆醛,滤片捕集NNK、氨、氰化氢和苯酚,样品采集后分别在高效液相色谱、离子色谱和液相色谱/质谱...     

Tobacco-specific Carcinogen 4- （Methylnitrosoamino） -1- （3-pyridyl） - 1-butanone（NNK） Activating ERK1/2 MAP Kinases and Stimulating Proliferation of Human Mammary Epithelial Cells

Cigarette smoking is correlated with the development of various cancers. 4- （Methylnitresoamino） -1- （3-pyridyl） - 1-butanone（NNK） is one of the major tobacco-specific carcinogens in the cigarette smoke, which increases the risk of breast cancer. In the present study, it was demonstrated that NNK rapidly activated ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases in human normal mammary epithelial cells. It was found that there are two different routes for the activation of ERK1/2 with NNK. One is from nicotinic receptor nAchR to MEK1/2, and the other is from tyrosine kinase containing receptor to MEK1/2. The tobacco-specific carcinogen NNK shows a strong proliferative effect on normal human mammary epithelial cells and cancer mammary epithelial cells.