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1.
采用经典柱色谱法对煤液化循环油和“加氢”后的循环油进行族组成分离,将其分离成饱和烃、芳香烃和极性物3个组分,并用核磁共振波谱仪对各个组分进行定性分析,同时用气质联用分析方法初步确定了饱和烃和芳香烃两个馏分的主要物质组成。结果表明:循环油饱和烃部分主要由C12~C27直链烷烃组成,芳香烃部分主要组成是烷基取代的氢化单环芳烃及少量的多环芳烃。而循环油经420℃“加氢”后饱和烃部分除了含C12~C27的直链烷烃,还有一些直链烷烃的异构体和环烷烃,芳香烃部分主要是双环、三环、四环芳烃,单环芳烃则完全消失。 相似文献
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本文利用氧化铝薄层色谱将轻柴油馏分分成烷烃和烯烃、单环芳烃、双环芳烃、三环芳烃以及极性化合物五个部分,并由制备所得各类芳烃纯样品测得紫外消光系数,用紫外光谱法测定轻柴油中单、双、三环芳烃含量,方法较简便,适用于日常分析。 相似文献
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油品族组成的详细分析和燃油中芳烃的分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用毛细管液相色谱-毛细管气相色谱联用方法详细分析了航空煤油、各种柴油、润滑油、抽出油和塔底油的族组成。在毛细管液相色谱上分离得到的单环、双环、三环、四环和稠环芳烃族,经过多位存储接口后,顺序进入毛细管气相色谱,通过毛细管气相色谱对每个族组分作详细分析及定量。用单检测器的二维毛细管气相色谱切割-反吹方法定性定量分析汽油、航空煤油中的各种芳烃,从第一维柱流出的组分和第二维柱流出的组分都先后进入同一氢火焰离子化检测器中,因此能用质量校正响应因子归一化方法准确定量分析而不需要标准样。用上述技术分析实际样品,证明了 相似文献
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Cu/SiO2催化剂的制备与表征 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
采用等容浸渍法制备了三种类型的Cu/SiO_2,催化剂(铜担载量都为3.3Wt%).将其制备因素与XRD、SEM、XPS等表征手段所得结果相关联,得出氨具有分散硅胶表面铜组分的作用、有无氨介入催化剂制备过程可导致截然不同的表面CuO分散状态.有氨介入时所得催化剂表面孤立Cu~(2+)(二硅氧基钳合—Cu~(2+)与具有一定分散程度的CuO共存、氨介入方式及所用铜盐不同,二种状态的铜组分在载体表面所占的比例不同.用硝酸铜为原料,先浸铜盐后浸氨的方式所得催化剂表面绝大部分为孤立Cu~(2+);而浸铜盐后不浸氨的催化剂表面绝大部分为CuO.在制得的5个催化剂中,表面上明显有CuO存在的4个催化剂,CuO似乎都分布于载体外表面,即形成近似于“蛋壳形”的分布. 相似文献
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用IR,NMR,HPLC研究煤超临界抽提油F2馏分 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用IR、NMR、HPLC方法研究了我国峰峰矿瘦煤、焦煤、肥煤三种烟煤超临界抽出物F_2馏分,这一馏分为抽出油已烷可溶物(oil)在硅胶色谱柱上用苯冲洗而得到 ̄[6]。由IR、NMR、HPLC分析结果表明:三种烟煤F_2馏分主要由芳烃化合物组成;以单取代苯和邻位双取代苯为主(包括缩合环体系);芳环上取代基链不长,其中含有相当数量的申基取代的芳烃化合物,像甲苯、甲萘、二甲基萘等等。三种烟煤F_2馏分中都含有较多的双环和三环芳烃,以三环芳烃含量最多。双环芳烃主要是萘系化合物;三环芳烃为蒽、菲类化合物;单环和三环以上芳烃含量较少。 相似文献
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填充毛细管液相色谱—毛细管气相色谱在线联用分析柴油全组成 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用填充毛细管液相色谱(PC-HPLC)与毛管气相色谱(CGC)在线联用技术分析柴油全组分。半填充硅胶、半填充氨基的PC-HPLC柱(0.32mm i.d)用于样品族分离(烷烃、单环芳烃、双环芳烃、三环芳烃和胶质)。经PC-HPLC分离后的各族组分(峰体积小于30μL)被依次存放在多位储存接口内,然后分别转入GC作单个组分定量分析,可得出各族组分的相对含量及烷烃的碳数的正异构分布。该方法是分析柴油 相似文献
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《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2017,56(46):14727-14731
The first electrochemical dehydrogenative C−C cross‐coupling of thiophenes with phenols has been realized. This sustainable and very simple to perform anodic coupling reaction enables access to two classes of compounds of significant interest. The scope for electrochemical C−H‐activating cross‐coupling reactions was expanded to sulfur heterocycles. Previously, only various benzoid aromatic systems could be converted, while the application of heterocycles was not successful in the electrochemical C−H‐activating cross‐coupling reaction. Here, reagent‐ and metal‐free reaction conditions offer a sustainable electrochemical pathway that provides an attractive synthetic method to a broad variety of bi‐ and terarylic products based on thiophenes and phenols. This method is easy to conduct in an undivided cell, is scalable, and is inherently safe. The resulting products offer applications in electronic materials or as [OSO]2− pincer‐type ligands. 相似文献
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Junyu Dong Tianbin Li Chuan Dai Wen Weng Xinghua Xue Yuyu Zhang Qingle Zeng 《应用有机金属化学》2013,27(6):337-340
A straightforward, protecting‐group‐free protocol for the synthesis of chiral 6‐substituted and 6,6’‐disubstituted binols (binol = 1,1’‐bi‐2‐naphthol) by palladium‐catalyzed hydroxylation, C–N and C–O coupling of chiral 6‐bromo‐ and 6,6’ ‐dibromo‐1,1’‐binaphthols is developed. The protecting group free palladium‐catalyzed hydroxylation, C–O and C–N cross‐coupling protocol affords a straightforward and general method for the synthesis of chiral 6‐substituted and 6,6’‐disubstituted binols with good yields, avoiding the tedious procedures of introduction and removal of protecting groups. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Chelat Ligands Based on Peralkyl Bis‐ and Tris‐Guanidines By reaction of bi‐ and trifunctional primary alkyl amines with the chlor amidinium salt [(Me2N)2C–Cl]Cl amine functionalities are transformed into more basic peralkyl guanidine functionalities. This synthetic strategy is used in the synthesis of new peralkyl bis‐ and tris‐guanidines 1 a and 2 – 4 . The ligand 1,1,1‐tris[2N‐(1,1,3,3‐tetramethylguanidino)methyl]ethane ( 4 ), reacts with ZnCl2 und MnCl2 to yield neutral 1 : 1 complexes 5 and 6 with one non‐coordinating dangling guanidine functionality and a tetrahedrally coordinated metal atom. The crystal structure analysis of the hydrochloride 1 b of octamethyl bis guanidine 1,2di[2N‐(1,1,3,3‐tetramethylguanidino)]ethane ( 1 a ) as well as the one of the zinc complex 5 are reported. 相似文献
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Bi[HB(timPh)3](NO3)2 features a distorted pentagonal pyramidal geometry defined by a sulfur‐rich tripodal ligand and three oxygen atoms, derived from mono‐ and bi‐dentate nitrate ligands. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Synthesis,Characterisation and Crystal Structures of Two Bi‐oxadiazole Derivatives Featuring the Trifluoromethyl Group 下载免费PDF全文
Marcos A. Kettner Prof. Dr. Thomas M. Klapötke Tomasz G. Witkowski Felix von Hundling 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(11):4238-4241
The synthesis, characterisation, and crystal structure determination of the closely related compounds 3,3′‐bi‐(5‐trifluoromethyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazole) and 5,5′‐bi‐(2‐ trifluoromethyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole) are reported. These two compounds are known for their bioactivity; however, in this study they serve as model compounds to evaluate the suitability of the heterocyclic oxadiazole ring system for energetic materials when the fluorine atoms in the exocyclic CF3 groups are substituted successively by nitro groups. Quantum chemical calculations for the bi‐1,3,4‐ oxadiazole derivatives with difluoronitromethyl, fluorodinitromethyl, and trinitromethyl groups have been carried out and predict promising energetic performances for both explosive and propulsive applications. 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. Thomas M. Klapötke Marcel Leroux Philipp C. Schmid Dr. Jörg Stierstorfer 《化学:亚洲杂志》2016,11(6):844-851
A simple and straightforward synthesis of 5,5′‐diamino‐4,4′‐dinitramino‐3,3′‐bi‐1,2,4‐triazole by the selective nitration of 4,4′,5,5′‐tetraamino‐3,3′‐bi‐1,2,4‐triazole is presented. The interaction of the amino and nitramino groups improves the energetic properties of this functionalized bitriazole. For a deeper investigation of these properties, various nitrogen‐rich derivatives were synthesized. The new compounds were investigated and characterized by spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR, IR, Raman), elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, differential thermal analysis (DTA), X‐ray analysis, and impact and friction sensitivities (IS, FS). X‐ray analyses were performed and deliver insight into structural characteristics with which the stability of the compounds can be explained. The standard enthalpies of formation were calculated for all compounds at the CBS‐4M level of theory, revealing highly positive heats of formation. The energetic performance of the new molecules was predicted with the EXPLO5 V6.02 computer. A small‐scale shock reactivity test (SSRT) and a toxicity test gave a first impression of the performance and toxicity of selective compounds. 相似文献
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《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,129(26):7703-7708
Palladium‐catalyzed base‐selective annulation of dibromonaphthalimide to different aryl boronate esters by combined Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling and direct C−H arylation afforded a series of new five‐ and six‐membered ring annulated electron‐poor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) as auxiliary base in these C−C coupling cascade reactions led exclusively to six‐membered ring annulation, while the use of organic base diazabicycloundecene (DBU) afforded the corresponding five‐membered ring annulated products. This base‐dependent selective mode of annulation is attributed to different mechanistic pathways directed by the applied base. The selective annulation was revealed by single crystal X‐ray analysis of the respective five‐ and six‐membered ring annulated products. The optical and redox properties of the new polycyclic aromatic dicarboximides were characterized by UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. 相似文献
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Gui‐Dong Zhu Indrani W. Gunawardana Steven A. Boyd Laura M. Melcher 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2008,45(1):91-96
Treatment of 3,5‐dibromo‐ or 3,5‐dichloro‐pyridine‐4‐carboxaldehyde 2 with one equivalent of methyl thioglycolate, followed by exposure to base, provided 4‐bromo‐ or 4‐chloro‐thieno[2,3‐c]pyridine‐2‐carboxylate 4 in good yields. Oxidation of the thieno[2,3‐c]pyridine scaffold such as 7 with mCPBA, followed by treatment with POBr3, introduced a bromine exclusively at the 7‐position of the heterocycle. The 4‐ or 7‐bromide of the thienopyridines readily underwent Suzuki, Stille coupling, and Buchwald amination reactions, to afford 4‐ or 7‐substituted analogs 6 or 11 . The 2‐carboxylate of 4b or 12 was smoothly removed through saponification and decarboxylation to furnish 15 or 16 . Deprotonation of the thienopyridine at C‐2 position, followed by trapping with trimethyltin chloride, afforded a 2‐stannyl analog, which was readily converted to other C‐2 derivatives via Stille reaction. 相似文献
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EnioJos LeoLana Fernando Carazza Rosilene AparacidadeOliveira 《Helvetica chimica acta》2004,87(7):1825-1831
A series of 2‐aryl‐ and 2‐heteroaryl‐substituted 3,5‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐benzoquinones (compounds 27 – 36 ) have been synthesized by cross‐coupling of (2,3,4,6‐tetramethoxyphenyl)boronic acid ( 2 ) with aromatic bromides or iodides in the presence of [Pd0(Ph3)4] and Na2CO3, followed by AgO‐promoted oxidation of the resulting biaryl compounds 17 – 26 . 相似文献
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Ping Fang XIA Jianping Lu Chi Ho Kwok Hiroshi Fukutani Man Shing Wong Ye Tao 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2009,47(1):137-148
Two novel series of monodisperse multi‐triarylamine‐substituted oligothiophenes, G 2 ‐ OT ( n )‐ G 2 with thiophene unit (n) varying from 6 to 8, and 4,7‐bis(2′‐oligothienyl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazoles G 2 ‐ OT ( n ) BTD ‐ G 2 (n = 2, 4, 6) have been synthesized by the Suzuki coupling reactions. With an elongation of alkyl‐substituted oligothiophene core or an incorporation of benzothiadiazole into the central core, the absorption and emission spectra of G 2 ‐ OT ( n )‐ G 2 and G 2 ‐ OT ( n ) BTD ‐ G 2 series red‐shift substantially with the optical gap reducing to 1.95 eV for G 2 ‐ OT ( 6 ) BTD ‐ G 2 . Alkyl‐substitution onto oligothiophene backbone not only improves the solubility of the highly extended dendrimers but also renders coplanarity of the dendritic oligothiophene backbone at the excited state, which results in the enhancement of fluorescence quantum efficiency. The bulk heterojunction solar cells using these newly synthesized dendritic oligothiophenes as a donor material and [6,6]‐phenyl C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as an acceptor material were fabricated and investigated which showed an increase in device performance as compared with those of the lower homologues. On increasing the loading of PCBM from 1.5 to 3 times in the active layer, there was also an enhancement in device performance with power conversion efficiencies of as‐fabricated solar cells increasing from 0.18% to 0.32%. In addition, proper annealing procedure could significantly improve the device performance of the dendrimer‐based photovoltaic cell. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 137–148, 2009 相似文献