(n)nc-Si：H/(p)c-Si异质结中载流子输运性质的研究

采用常规等离子体增强化学气相沉积工艺,以高H₂稀释的SiH₄作为反应气体源和PH₃作为磷原子的掺杂剂,在p型(100)单晶硅((p)c-Si)衬底上, 成功地生长了施主掺杂型纳米硅膜((n)nc-Si:H),进而制备了(n)nc-Si:H/(p)c-Si异质结,并在230—420Ｋ温度范围内实验研究了该异质结的Ｉ-Ｖ特性.结果表明,(n)nc-Si:H/(p)c- Si异质结为一典型的突变异质结构,具有良好的温度稳定性和整流特性.正向偏压下 关键词： (n)nc-Si:H/(p)c-Si异质结 能带模型 电流输运机构 温度特性     

Si(100)衬底上n-3C-SiC/p-Si异质结构研究

利用LPCVD方法在Si(100)衬底上获得了3C-SiC外延膜,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究表明3C-SiC/p-Si界面平整、光滑,无明显的坑洞形成。研究了以In和Al为接触电极的3C-SiC/p-Si异质结的I-V,C-V特性及I-V特性的温度依赖关系,比较了In电极的3C-SiC/p-Si异质结构和以SiGe作为缓冲层的3C-SiC/SiGe/p-Si异质结构的I-V特性,实验发现引入SiGe缓冲层后,器件的反向击穿电压由40V提高到70V以上。室温下Al电极3C-SiC/p-Si二极管的最大反向击穿电压接近100V,品质因子为1.95。     

氧气后处理对氧化锌薄膜紫外发射性质的影响

为了提高ZnO光发射效率和制备p型ZnO,对热处理的氧分压对薄膜的结构、形貌、光致光发射和ZnO/Si异质结的Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性的影响进行了研究.用直流反应溅射法在p型硅衬底上生长ZnO薄膜形成n-ZnO/P-Si异质结.在1000℃下用不同比例的氧和氨热处理,我们发现,在纯氮气中得到的样品有强的紫外发射(390nm),随氧气比例增大,紫外增强,同时绿光也产生并随之增强.但过大的氧分压反而产生多的受主缺陷,使越来越多的激发能量转移到发射能量低的绿光中心,从而使紫外减弱.在纯氧和无氧条件下热处理的俄歇谱表明纯氧下氧过量,而无氧下锌大大过量.ZnO/p-Si异质结的Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性表明,无氧热处理表现为典型的n-ZnO/p-Si异质结;而在纯氧气氛中处理后所得Ⅰ-Ⅴ曲线反向,这表明在高氧压下受主缺陷的产生,表明ZnO薄膜有可能由于高氧压热处理由n型转为p型.     

模拟研究p型a-Si∶H对HIT太阳电池性能的影响

使用AFORS-HET软件模拟研究HIT太阳电池能带结构,讨论了发射区p型反转层的形成及影响因素,及其对电池性能的影响。结果表明:在n型单晶硅内,与p型非晶硅异质结界面处,形成p型反转层;p-Si∶H的掺杂浓度可调节费米能级位置,进而影响反转层的形成。HIT电池类似于p-n同质结电池,p型反转层作为太阳电池发射层,对太阳电池的性能起决定性作用。     

以硅为衬底的ZnO p-n结的制备及其结构、光学和电学特性

分别在n型半绝缘Si、弱n (n )以及强n (n+ )型Si片 (1 0 0 )面上用射频磁控反应溅射法和直流磁控反应溅射法制备了p型ZnO薄膜以及ZnO同质p n结。其中在生长p型ZnO时 ,反应室中通以过量的氧。对上述p型和n型ZnO薄膜进行了X射线衍射测量 ,在 34.1°附近得到了 0 .3°左右半峰全宽的ZnO(0 0 2 )衍射峰。ZnO薄膜的原子力显微镜图像上可见六角型的自组装结构。阴极射线荧光的测量显示了位于 390nm的紫外特征峰。用I V特性仪测量了上述ZnOp n结原型器件的I V电学输运曲线 ,其正向显示了约为 1 .1V的阈值 ,与日美科研人员用直流溅射和扩散法制备的ZnOp n结相似 ,但反向特性明显优于他们的     

Au/PZT/BIT/p-Si异质结的制备与性能研究

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)工艺,制备了以Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂(BIT)为过渡阻挡层的Au/PZT/BIT/p-Si异质结.研究了BIT铁电层对Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃(PZT)薄膜晶相结构、铁电及介电性能的影响,对Au/PZT/BIT/p-Si异质结的导电机制进行了讨论.氧气氛530℃淀积的PZT为多晶铁电薄膜,与直接淀积在Si基片上相比,加入BIT铁电层后PZT铁 关键词： 铁电薄膜 异质结构 脉冲激光沉积(PLD)     

p型Ga0.47In0.53AS接触层的生长

用过冷法在632-630℃生长了掺Zn的p型Ga0.47In0.53As接触层.研究了液相中Ga组分和Zn组分对GaxIn1-xAs/InP异质结晶格失配的影响,用一次外延技术生长了GaxIn1-xAs作接触层的GaInAsP/InP双异质结.     

WSe2/GeS 异质结的增强光致发光

二维半导体材料为纳米尺度的光学性质研究提供了良好的支持. 当将其构筑成异质结时, 界面间的相互作用可以改变原光电性质或产生新的性质, 是二维材料光电子器件功能控制的重要手段. 利用机械剥离法制备WSe2/GeS 异质结, 通过发光光谱研究异质结层间激子的光学性质. 结果表明:p 型 GeS 与弱 n 型 WSe2 构筑成异质结时会产生新的层间激子. 与 GeS 和 WSe2 的荧光发射强度相比, 异质结的层间激子发光强度显著增加. 此研究为设计具有先进光电性能的二维半导体器件提供了思路.     

沉积氧压对La0.8Sr0.2MnO3/0.7wt%Nb:SrTiO3异质结的整流伏安特性及输运性的调控

采用脉冲激光沉积法在(100)0.7wt%Nb:SrTiO3(NSTO)衬底上制备了La0.8Sr0.2MnO3(LSMO)/NSTO(100)异质结,仔细研究了原位沉积氧压和真空退火对LSMO/NSTO异质结的结构及其整流伏安特性的调控.X-射线线性扫描和原子力显微镜测量显示,低氧压制备的LSMO/NSTO(100)异质结具有良好的外延结构和平整的表面.电流-电压(I～V)曲线显示,沉积氧压为100mTorr的异质p～n结展现出极好的整流伏安特性;而氧压为240mTorr的异质p～n结平缓增加的电流可解释为异质p～n结在界面处晶格缺陷的增加.作为对比,沉积氧压调控的LSMO/SrTiO3(100)薄膜的输运性也被研究.电阻率结果显示,低氧压制备的LSMO薄膜,其电阻率的增加及金属-半导体转变温度Tp的降低归因于氧空位增加诱导的Mn4+离子减少及MnO6八面体的畸变.     

ZnO/Si异质结的光电转换特性研究

利用直流反应溅射方法在p型Si衬底上生长掺Al的n型ZnO薄膜,测量了由n型ZnO薄膜和p型Si衬底组成的异质结在黑暗和光照条件下的I-V特性,结果表明该异质结具有优良的整流特性,而且在光照条件下的反向电流迅速增大并很快趋于饱和.通过测量ZnO薄膜的光电流和异质结的光电压的光谱响应,初步分析了异质结的光电转换机理.测量结果显示,在入射光波长为380nm时光电流强度明显下降,反映出光电流与ZnO薄膜禁带宽度的密切关系;同时还发现,在与ZnO禁带宽度相对应的波长前后所产生的光生电压方向相反.推测这一现象与异质结的能带结构密切相关. 关键词： ZnO薄膜 异质结 光电转换 光谱响应     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.     

Direction-of-arrival estimation using matrix spatial prefiltering approach

An approach to direction-of-arrival （DOA） estimation for multiple narrowband farfield signals is proposed. The technique uses a novel matrix spatial prefiltering approach. Specifically, a matrix filter is designed to spatially filter the incoming data snapshots. The un-wanted components arriving from the stopband angular sectors are attenuated and the desired components from the angular sector of interest pass with minimal distortion. The matrix filter spatially filters the element-space data and the output reserves the element-space data property, which makes it very useful by passing sensor data through a spatial prefilter prior to applying many other array processors to attenuate interferences and improve system performance. Several examples of DOA estimation problem are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed spatial prefiltering approach. Results of simulation and real data show that the pre-filter can efficiently attenuate the spatial interferences and significantly improve the estimation and resolution capability of DOA estimators at low signal-to-noise ratios for the sources located inside the passband sector. In addition, the use of spatial prefilter makes it possible to estimate DOAs for multiple sources more than the number of the elements of an array.     

Quantum efficiency calibration of opto-electronic detector by means of correlated photons method

A new calibration method of detectors can be realized by using correlated photons generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) effect of nonlinear crystal.An absolute calibration system of detector quantum efficiency is performed.And its principle and experimental setup are introduced.A continuouswave (CW) ultraviolet (351 nm),diode-pumped,frequency-doubled,and solid-state laser is used to pump BBO crystal.The quantum efficiencies of the photomultiplier at 633,702,and 789 nm are measured respectively.The coincidence peaks are observed using coincidence circuit.Some measurement factors including the filter bandwidth of trigger channel,the detector position alignment and polarization of the pump light are analyzed.The uncertainties of this calibration method are also analyzed,and the relative uncertainties of total calibration are less than 5.8%.The accuracy of this method could be improved in the future.