钽掺杂对钛酸钡导热性能影响的研究

利用光热检测技术测量了钛酸钡材料的导热性能，得到了不同成型压力、烧结温度以及不同 掺杂量下的钛酸钡材料的热扩散率.研究了钽掺杂对钛酸钡材料导热性能的影响，发现了钽 元素掺杂量小于1.5mol%时，钛酸钡材料的热扩散率随掺杂量的增加而增大，当钽元素掺杂 量大于1.5mol%时，热扩散率随掺杂量的增加而减少.对钛酸钡材料的导热性能做了进一步的 分析. 关键词： 光热检测 钛酸钡 导热性能 钽掺杂     

光热偏转检测技术自动测量的研究

介绍了光热偏转技术自动测量材料热物性的原理及实验方法。根据光热偏转检测理论建立了一套自动检测系统,从自动控制、数据采集和数据处理等方面实现了光热偏转检测技术的自动化测量。设计出了步进电机自动控制和数据处理软件。利用该系统对钛酸锶钡材料的热扩散率进行了测量,发现随着掺杂量铈的增加,钛酸锶钡的热扩散率逐渐减小,当掺杂量铈增加到一定值时,其热扩散率又开始增加。     

基于LabVIEW的光热偏转检测系统的设计

将虚拟仪器技术和光热偏转检测技术相结合,在LabVIEW平台上设计开发了一套材料热扩散率测量的自动扫描和数据处理系统。整个系统在仪器控制、数据采集和数据显示等方面实现了自动化测量,并且集成了光热偏转检测技术的数据处理功能。实验结果表明系统运行稳定,操作简单快捷,具有很好的实时性和直观性。     

光热偏转技术测量Sr_(2-x)Sm_xFeMoO_6材料的热扩散率

采用固体烧结法制备了Sr2-xSmxFeMoO6(x=0,0.03,0.05,0.08,0.10,0.13,0.15,0.20)多晶结构样品,用X射线衍射对材料的结构进行了检测。通过光热偏转技术方法对该材料的热扩散率进行了研究,给出了掺杂比例与材料热扩散率的关系曲线,结果发现Sr2FeMoO6样品随着参杂Sm浓度的增加,结构发生变化的同时,样品的热扩散率也随着波动变化。这与文献[1]中给出的结论有明显不同,从声子、电子、自旋及其相互作用角度揭示了与文献[1]不同的根本原因;并且从x射线和热扩散率两个角度给出了样品Sr2-xSmxFeMoO6结构转变的参杂比例在10—13%的范围,说明光热偏转技术方法是研究参杂镧系元素的双钙钛矿结构和电子参杂效应的可行有效方法。     

横向激光光热偏转相位法测量金刚石薄片的热扩散率

本文介绍横向激光光热偏转装置的优化设计及其利用相位信息测量CVD金刚石薄片的热扩散率,并和脉冲激光光热辐射方法测量的结果相比较.     

采用激光光热透射技术测量材料的热扩散率

介绍利用激光光热透射技术测量材料热扩散率的方法，用该方法测量黄铜，纯铁、铝、纯铜及锗的热扩散率，其结果与能常采用的检测手段一致。     

利用Mirage效应确定非均匀材料厚度方向的热扩散率分布

在热导率沿试样厚度按指数规律渐变的假设下，利用两种基本数学变换，求解了非均匀材料的热传导方程，得到了试样内及与其相邻媒质内的温度场解析解。再根据光热光偏转理论，确定了检测光束切向偏转分量的位相与调制频率之间的函数关系，如果利用熟知的由检测光束法向偏转分量测定试样热扩散率的技术，测定试样两表面的热扩散率，这样就可以由Mirage效应的两个偏转分量来测定试样热扩散率沿厚度方向的分布。本文给出有关的理论推导，同时也给出了人造金刚石试样内热扩散率分布的实验结果。     

光热辐射测量技术应用于材料物性和缺陷的无损检测

描述了光热辐射测量术的特点、原理和测量装置，并扼要介绍了材料热扩散率、材料表面伤痕和内部缺陷的无损检测。     

关于利用激光光束偏转法测量热扩散率的研究

本文介绍了激光光束偏转法测量材料热扩散率的原理,从理论上分析了光的粒子性和光的衍射限制了该方法对热扩散率的测量精度,指出了提高测量精度的关键在于提高信号对光束偏转的灵敏度为此给出了一种带有Ronchi光栅的迈克耳孙干涉仪的探测装置,从而使灵敏度提高了约5.3倍.     

红外热波成像法测量固体材料热扩散率

本文通过采用连续激光调制对试样周期加热产生稳定的温度波动和红外扫描动态测温的红外热波成像法获得温度波动的相位和幅值分布，测量固体材料热扩散率。介绍了红外热波成像法的测量原理和实验系统，推导了热扩散率测量的相位法、幅值法和相位－幅值复合法。对不锈钢和纯镍试样的热扩散率进行了测试。测量结果表明，该方法具有较高的精度。     

Transient thermal gratings at surfaces for thermal characterization of bulk materials and thin films

Transient Thermal Gratings (TTGs) at surfaces of absorbing materials have been utilized for investigating heat diffusion in bulk materials and thin films. In this report, we describe the theoretical background of the technique and present experimental data. TTGs were excited in the surface plane by interference of two pulsed laser beams and monitored by a cw probe beam, either via temperature dependence of the reflectivity or by deflection from the displacement pattern. A theoretical model describing the thermal and thermoelastic surface response was developed, both for a homogeneous material and a multilayer structure. The potential of the technique will be demonstrated by experimental results on (i) thermal diffusivities of bulk materials, (ii) anisotropic lateral heat transport, and (iii) thermal diffusivities of metal and diamond films. Furthermore, we will show that TTGs allow thermal depth profiling of inhomogeneous materials whenever there is a vertical gradient in thermal conductivity.     

Study on thermal diffusivity of materials by laser photothermal reflection technique

A method of measuring thermal diffusivity of materials at room temperature by photothermal reflection technique is described. An intensity-modulated Ar+ laser beam is used as incident light. The beam is focused to about 1 mm diameter spot and illuminates the sample surface. HgCdTe infrared detector is used to receive photothermal signal. Using this technique, the photothermal signals are experimentally measured as the function of different frequencies. The thermal diffusivities can be obtained by fitting the experimental data. On the other hand, the thermal diffusivities of one-way composite and orthogonal symmetric arranged composites Al2O3/Al are measured in transverse, longitudinal and arbitrary directions. The results show that the diffusivity of one-way material decreases with the increase of the measurement angle; the diffusivity of orthogonally arranged material almost keeps the same when measurement angle changes.     

四方相BaTiO_3及BaTiO_3∶Ce的拉曼散射特性研究

本文报道了在室温下ＢａＴｉＯ３及ＢａＴｉＯ３：Ｃｅ的拉曼谱的特点，着重讨论了前向散射配置下两个１Ｉ（ＴＯ）模（位于２７５ｃｍ－１和５１６ｃｍ－１左右）出现在Ａ１（ＴＯ）谱中的原因。通过设计特别的前向散射实验得到了此配置下由于晶体出射面对入射光的反射造成的背向散射的强度。在ＢａＴｉＯ３的前向散射谱中扣除了背向散射信号后，两个宽峰基本减掉，而掺Ｃｅ后经同样扣除背向散射信号两宽峰却依然很强。这样便证明了它们在前向散射中的出现与杂质有关系。在ＢａＴｉＯ３扣除背向散射后的谱中，还首次观察到一个位于４９２ｃｍ－１的峰。掺Ｃｅ后晶体的吸收曲线有很大变化，本文还讨论了吸收对散射强度的影响。     

Probe beam size effect on the measurement of the distance between the probe beam and the sample in photothermal deflection

A distance-scan method to determine the distance between the probe beam and sample, which is not easily measured exactly, in photothermal deflection (PD) was reported, with which the distance and thermal diffusivity of the deflecting medium can be simultaneously measured. Probe beam size effect (PBSE) on PD phase signal was quantitatively analyzed to clearly show its physical meaning. The measured distance was experimentally verified as correct and reliable, and the measured thermal diffusivities of N2 and CO2 are in good agreement with the literature values. They could not be precisely measured by phase signal without considering the PBSE.     

用共线光热偏转技术测量光学薄膜的微弱吸收

用具有高灵敏的共线光热偏转技术研究SiO_2、ZrO_2、MgF_2、ZnS等单层光学薄膜的吸收特性,测得它们的吸收率.实验结果与激光量热法及横向光热偏转技术符合良好,表明共线光热偏转技术是测量光学薄膜弱吸收的较理想方法.     

Effect of an electric field on the electrocaloric response of ferroelectrics

The electrocaloric effect of the model ferroelectric BaTiO_3 was investigated using phenomenological theory. The results indicate that the applied electric field strength is a key factor for the induced electrocaloric response and there are two distinguishing electrocaloric responses. When a moderate electric field is applied, the electrocaloric temperature variation is small but the electrocaloric strength is high. In contrast, the electrocaloric temperature variation is large but electrocaloric strength is low when a very high electric field is applied. These results are consistent with the experimental observations on BaTiO_3 based bulk and thin film ferroelectric materials.     

用横向光热偏转技术测量光学薄膜的微弱光吸收

用横向光热偏转技术(TPDS)测量光学薄膜的弱吸收,灵敏度达10~(-5).因为薄膜样品在调制频率较低时属热薄试样,本文基于这一原理实现了TPDS的精密定标.     

应用激光闪光法测定半导体融体的热扩散率

本文开发了半导体融体的热扩散率的测量装置。通过引入石英玻璃试样容器将激光闪光法扩展到适合于融体试样。首先在实验及理论上研究了石英玻璃层对试样的热辐射及温度相应的影响,结果发现在室温以上温度范围,石英玻璃层的存在只减小红外辐射探测器的信号幅度但不改变时阃变化历程。由闪光法的原理,包含石英玻璃层的复合试样则可以作为单层试样处理。根据这一原理,我们首次对三元红外半导体融体In1-xGaxSb在不同组分时,温度范围800K至1200 K的热扩散率进行了测量。     

‘神光Ⅱ’上冲击波法测量黑腔辐射温度

 在“神光Ⅱ”三倍频装置上,由黑腔产生的辐射驱动铝台阶样品产生冲击波,采用光学条纹相机测量冲击波速度,利用冲击波速度与黑腔辐射温度的定标关系,获得了与软X光能谱仪测量相一致的辐射温度;采用热波关系和能量守恒原理对辐射温度进行了分析,计算结果与实验结果一致。