利用激光光热技术研究钛酸钡材料的导热性能

利用激光光热偏转技术测量了钛酸钡材料的热扩散率。根据所测量材料的光热光偏转信号,通过最小二乘法中的非线性拟合,直接拟合出了材料的热扩散率,克服了光热偏转技术中“Mirage effect”步骤多、计算复杂、误差大的缺点。测量了在不同成型压力和不同烧结温度下钛酸钡材料的热扩散率,得到了热扩散率随成型压力和烧结温度的变化规律。对实验结果进行了分析和讨论。     

光热偏转检测技术自动测量的研究

介绍了光热偏转技术自动测量材料热物性的原理及实验方法。根据光热偏转检测理论建立了一套自动检测系统,从自动控制、数据采集和数据处理等方面实现了光热偏转检测技术的自动化测量。设计出了步进电机自动控制和数据处理软件。利用该系统对钛酸锶钡材料的热扩散率进行了测量,发现随着掺杂量铈的增加,钛酸锶钡的热扩散率逐渐减小,当掺杂量铈增加到一定值时,其热扩散率又开始增加。     

利用Mirage效应确定非均匀材料厚度方向的热扩散率分布

在热导率沿试样厚度按指数规律渐变的假设下，利用两种基本数学变换，求解了非均匀材料的热传导方程，得到了试样内及与其相邻媒质内的温度场解析解。再根据光热光偏转理论，确定了检测光束切向偏转分量的位相与调制频率之间的函数关系，如果利用熟知的由检测光束法向偏转分量测定试样热扩散率的技术，测定试样两表面的热扩散率，这样就可以由Mirage效应的两个偏转分量来测定试样热扩散率沿厚度方向的分布。本文给出有关的理论推导，同时也给出了人造金刚石试样内热扩散率分布的实验结果。     

基于LabVIEW的光热偏转检测系统的设计

将虚拟仪器技术和光热偏转检测技术相结合,在LabVIEW平台上设计开发了一套材料热扩散率测量的自动扫描和数据处理系统。整个系统在仪器控制、数据采集和数据显示等方面实现了自动化测量,并且集成了光热偏转检测技术的数据处理功能。实验结果表明系统运行稳定,操作简单快捷,具有很好的实时性和直观性。     

Sr2YRu1-xZnxO6结构、磁性及电输运特性

采用固相烧结工艺制备了Sr2YRu1-xZnxO6(x=0,0.1,0.2)陶瓷样品,采用多晶X射线和扫描电子显微镜技术对样品的物相成分、晶体结构和晶体表面形貌进行了表征与分析,将Sr2YRu1-xZnxO6(x=0,0.1,0.2)样品X射线衍射谱与理论模拟多晶样品X射线标准谱比较显示样品单相已经形成.X射线的实验结果表明:样品均形成了在a-b方向上具有双倍周期的钙钛矿结构,属于立方晶系,晶体空间群为Fm3m(No 225).Sr2YRuO6原胞为立方结构(a=0.816 4 nm),Y离子和Ru离子分别有序占据4a(0,0,0)和4b(1/2,1/2,1/2)原子等效位置.并且发现样品X射线衍射谱中的(111)衍射峰为B位Y离子和Ru离子有序占据时的特征峰.实验显示Zn离子取代Ru离子对晶胞参数影响很小.振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量了在常温下样品Sr2YRu1-xZnxO6(x=0,0.1,0.2)磁化强度与磁场强度的关系,样品在常温下显示顺磁性.计算得到Sr2YRuO6中Ru离子的有效磁矩为2.417 μB.用标准的四端子测量方法测量了样品的电阻随温度的关系,样品电阻随掺杂量的增加而降低,并且实现了由反铁磁绝缘体向半导体转变.     

Ca~(2+)离子替代对Sr_4Al_(14)O_(25):Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+)结构和发光性能的影响

采用高温固相反应按化学式Sr4-xCaxAl14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+(x=0,0.8,1.6,2.4,3.2,4)配比原料,合成长余辉发光材料.X射线衍射分析表明当x2.4时,产物物相均为Sr4Al14O25正交结构;当x2.4时,产物物相转变为CaAl4O7单斜结构.对掺Ca量不同,但结构仍保持Sr4Al14O25的样品采用360nm激光照射,发射光谱表明样品发光均由以Eu2+为发光中心的电子4f65d→4f7跃迁所致,并且随着Ca掺入量的增加,样品发射光谱峰位逐渐蓝移.这是由于Ca2+取代Sr2+位置后,导致晶格收缩,影响Eu2+的5d能级劈裂情况,从而影响电子4f65d→4f7跃迁.余辉衰减检测和热释光谱分析发现,不同Ca掺入量的样品余辉衰减快慢不同,是由于其中存在的陷阱能级深度不同,且陷阱能级越深,其余辉时间越长.     

关于利用激光光束偏转法测量热扩散率的研究

本文介绍了激光光束偏转法测量材料热扩散率的原理,从理论上分析了光的粒子性和光的衍射限制了该方法对热扩散率的测量精度,指出了提高测量精度的关键在于提高信号对光束偏转的灵敏度为此给出了一种带有Ronchi光栅的迈克耳孙干涉仪的探测装置,从而使灵敏度提高了约5.3倍.     

横向激光光热偏转相位法测量金刚石薄片的热扩散率

本文介绍横向激光光热偏转装置的优化设计及其利用相位信息测量CVD金刚石薄片的热扩散率,并和脉冲激光光热辐射方法测量的结果相比较.     

光热偏转成像实验

概述了光热偏转成像原理,搭建了热波成像光热偏转自动化检测系统,并实现了数据采集和数据处理的自动化.利用该实验系统绘制了直线划痕SrBT样品和三角划痕硅片样品的表面光热偏转图,成像结果清晰直观.     

Fe位Al掺杂对Sr2FeMoO6磁结构和磁输运性质的影响

研究了Sr2Fe1-xAlxMoO6(0≤x≤0.30)系列多晶样品的磁学和输运性质.室温X射线衍射谱图的精修结果显示Al3+掺杂没有改变样品的晶格结构,但提高了Sr2FeMoO6晶格的阳离子有序度.5K时样品的磁化曲线说明平均单位分子饱和磁矩随着Al含量的增加而下降,但平均单位Fe离子磁矩却逐渐提高.磁化曲线的拟合结果显示样品内反铁磁相互作用对饱和磁矩的贡献随着Al含量的增加而下降,说明一定量的Fe离子被Al替代后,抑制了样品内Fe-O-Fe反相边界的形成,从而提高了Sr2FeMoO6晶格的阳离子有序度和平均单位Fe离子磁矩.对饱和磁矩的分析表明非磁性Al3+离子掺杂会形成无磁相互作用的Mo-O-Al-O-Mo区,可以将原来较大的Mo-O-Fe亚铁磁区分割成许多小的区域,并且使这些亚铁磁区间的磁耦合作用变弱,从而提高了低场磁电阻效应.阳离子有序度的提高使来源于自旋相关电子在反相边界处散射的高场磁电阻明显降低,导致了样品的磁电阻在x=0.15时达到了最大值.     

Laser-induced thermal lens study of the role of morphology and hydroxyl group in the evolution of thermal diffusivity of copper oxide

The paper explores the evolution of thermal behavior of the material by studying the variations in thermal diffusivity using the single beam thermal lens (TL) technique. For this purpose, the decomposition of Cu(OH)₂ into CuO is studied in a time range up to 120 h, by subjecting the sample to morphological, structural, and spectroscopic characterizations. The time evolution of thermal diffusivity can be divided into three regions for demonstrating the dynamics of the reaction. When the reaction is complete, the thermal diffusivity is also found to be saturated. In addition to the morphological modifications, from rods to flakes, the variations in the amount of hydroxyl group are attributed to be responsible for the enhancement of base fluid's thermal diffusivity by 165%. Thus the study unveils the role of hydroxyl groups in the thermal behavior of CuO.     

Thermoreflectance and photodeflection combined for microscopic characterization of metallic surfaces

A non-contact technique is presented that provides information on thermal diffusivity at the cubic micron scale in metal surfaces. It relies on the simultaneous fit of the frequency dependence of two mechanisms that appear when heating the surface of the sample with a modulated laser beam, the thermoreflectance (change in reflectivity with temperature) and photodeflection (the deflection of the beam due to the surface deformation). A complete analytical model is presented that takes both mechanisms into account, showing that the relative importance of both mechanisms depends strongly on the material under test and varies in several orders of magnitude between different metallic alloys. By filtering the reflected signal with an adjustable knife edge, the photodeflection signal can be enhanced. It is also shown how the signal arising from each mechanism depends strongly on the relative position of the pump and probe beams. A characteristic modulating frequency appears at which a drop in the signal with frequency is observed that is coincident for both mechanisms. From the determination of the characteristic frequency, the local heat diffusivity can be determined as it is shown for the case of an AISI304 stainless steel sample. PACS 78.20.Nv; 65.40.-b; 72.15.Eb     

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Thermal diffusivity of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steel CLF-1 has been determined by the modified photoacoustic piezoelectric (PAPE) technique. Firstly, the modified PAPE theoretical model is introduced and the experimental condition with high measurement precision are identified; Secondly, the experimental system is set up and calibrated by investigating the thermal diffusivity of nickel; Finally, the thermal diffusivity of RAFM steel CLF-1 is measured by the modified PAPE method. The results show that the RAFM steel CLF-1 has good thermal diffusion properties and is a fusion reactor structural material with excellent heat conductivity. The modified PAPE technique can determine the thermal diffusivity of RAFM steel CLF-1effectively, and provides an effective way to investigate the thermal-physical property of fusion reactor structural material.     

Photothermal deflection studies on heat transport in intrinsic and extrinsic InP

Laser induced transverse photothermal deflection technique has been employed to determine the thermal parameters of InP doped with Sn, S and Fe as well as intrinsic InP. The thermal diffusivity values of these various samples are evaluated from the slope of the curve plotted between the phase of photothermal deflection signal and pump-probe offset. Analysis of the data shows that heat transport and hence the thermal diffusivity value, is greatly affected by the introduction of dopant. It is also seen that the direction of heat flow with respect to the plane of cleavage of semiconductor wafers influences the thermal diffusivity value. The results are explained in terms of dominating phonon assisted heat transfer mechanism in semiconductors . PACS 78.20.Nv; 66.30.Xj; 61.72.Vv     

Study of thermal and optical properties of SiO2/GaN opals by photothermal deflection technique

In this paper the thermal and optical properties of the SiO₂/GaN synthetic opals are studied by photothermal deflection technique. This technique, used in different configurations, allows to determine the effective thermal diffusivity and the absorption spectra.     

Pulsed-laser Pumped Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy for Liquid Thermal Diffusivity Measurement

The pulsed-laser pumped photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PPDS) is applied to measure liquid thermal diffusivity in a modified collinear configuration. Here the pulsed beam is regarded as in the form of a Dirac delta function. The experiment setup used is described. Measurement result for the thermal diffusivity of a liquid sample(magnta/ethanol saturated solution) is reported. The measurement error is less than 3%.     

Pulsed-laser Pumped Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy for Liquid Thermal Diffusivity Measurement

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Study on thermal diffusivity of materials by laser photothermal reflection technique

A method of measuring thermal diffusivity of materials at room temperature by photothermal reflection technique is described. An intensity-modulated Ar+ laser beam is used as incident light. The beam is focused to about 1 mm diameter spot and illuminates the sample surface. HgCdTe infrared detector is used to receive photothermal signal. Using this technique, the photothermal signals are experimentally measured as the function of different frequencies. The thermal diffusivities can be obtained by fitting the experimental data. On the other hand, the thermal diffusivities of one-way composite and orthogonal symmetric arranged composites Al2O3/Al are measured in transverse, longitudinal and arbitrary directions. The results show that the diffusivity of one-way material decreases with the increase of the measurement angle; the diffusivity of orthogonally arranged material almost keeps the same when measurement angle changes.     

Vector model analysis in nondestructive imaging by using the photothermal deflection methods

The noncontact imaging of the buried structures is carried out in the open-air atmosphere by using the photothermal deflection (PTD) method. We applied these techniques to the layered samples. Besides the PTD images for the optically opaque buried structures, the parameters of the materials such as thermal diffusivity can also be calculated from the PTD amplitude and phase signal in the PTD scanning images. When the PTD signals at two different modulation frequencies are used, the thermal diffusivity of the buried structure can be obtained from the PTD signal outside of the sample nondestructively. Received: 27 November 1998 / Accepted: 18 March 1999 / Published online: 7 July 1999