多肽荧光传感器检测铜离子

基于铜离子对罗丹明B标记的多肽的荧光猝灭作用, 构建了一种用于铜离子检测的荧光传感器. 利用共振光散射分析、 紫外-可见吸收光谱、 荧光寿命测试和圆二色光谱研究了铜离子检测的传感机理, 发现铜离子的加入诱导多肽结构发生变化而使罗丹明B荧光团彼此靠近, 从而导致铜离子与多肽之间发生聚集诱导荧光猝灭. 实验结果表明, 该传感器检测铜离子的线性范围为5×10^?4~1×10^?2 μmol/L和0.1~7 μmol/L, 检出限为0.29 nmol/L, 且拥有良好的选择性, 能用于湖水样品中铜离子的检测.     

一例水溶液中识别铜离子的染料探针

通过罗丹明B与乙二胺反应生成的中间体合成了一例可以对铜离子进行比色检测的探针R-Cu.R-Cu可以实现对在HEPES(5 mmol/L;pH 7.4)溶液中Cu2+的比色可视化识别,加入Cu2+后,R-Cu的吸收明显增强,呈现出罗丹明B的紫红色.探针对Cu2+具有较高的选择性和灵敏性,对其他常见的金属离子具有较强的抗干扰能力.该探针可以在较宽的特别是近中性pH环境下有效检测Cu2+,最低检出限为2.70×10?7 mol/L.     

新型罗丹明B类荧光探针的合成及其对Fe3+识别研究

以罗丹明B和间氨基吡啶缩合反应得到新型罗丹明B衍生物L1,并用1H NMR,IR,HRMS-ESI及X射线对其结构进行了确证.通过荧光光谱法研究了目标物L1在水溶液中与金属离子的识别特性.结果表明目标物L1作为荧光探针可选择性的比色识别Fe3+,并且受常见离子的干扰较小.探针L1的荧光强度与Fe3+浓度(1×10-6~9×10-6 mol/L)呈较好的线性关系.     

新型罗丹明类Ca2+荧光探针的合成及光谱性能研究

以2-氨基酚和3-(二乙基氨基)苯酚为原料,经过5步反应合成了新型罗丹明类荧光探针化合物,研究发现该化合物对Ca2+具有较高的选择识别性能,并且受常见离子的干扰较小.探针的荧光强度与Ca2+浓度(2×10-6～5×10-5mol/L)呈较好的线性关系.     

基于罗丹明-B的双通道铜离子荧光探针及其活细胞的应用(英文)

本文介绍了一种紫外-可见和荧光双通道铜离子探针,该探针基于罗丹明-B,通过水合肼为桥梁来连接三苯胺,便利而廉价。其在水体系下对铜离子显示出了良好的选择性和极高的灵敏度(2.78×10-8mol·L-1)。并且,通过初步的活细胞测试,表明该铜离子探针有着良好的生物相容性和细胞穿透性,在生物、医药领域有着非常大的潜力。     

新型Fe~(3+)荧光探针的合成及活细胞成像中的应用

以邻氨基苯硫酚和苄基氯为原料反应得到2-苄硫基苯胺(1),再将2-苄硫基苯胺(1)和罗丹明B进行缩合得到新型罗丹明B衍生物R1,并用IR,HRMS-ESI,~1H NMR以及13C NMR对其结构进行了表征.进一步通过荧光光谱法研究了化合物R1在甲醇水溶液中对常见离子的识别特性.结果表明荧光探针R1能够对Fe~(3+)进行快速,灵敏的识别,并且受其他常见离子干扰较小.探针R1的荧光强度与Fe~(3+)浓度(1×10~(-6)~9×10~(-6) mol/L)呈较好的线性关系,并在PC-12活细胞中实现了Fe~(3+)的荧光成像.     

荧光猝灭法测定磷酰化氨基酸

建立了通过磷酰化氨基酸水解产生无机磷酸盐猝灭铽离子-钛铁试剂络合物(Tb3 -TR)荧光探针的间接荧光法测定三种磷酰化氨基酸。在最佳实验条件下,方法测定磷酰化丝氨酸(P-Ser)、磷酰化苏氨酸(P-Thr)和磷酰化酪氨酸(P-Tyr)的线性范围分别为5.0×10-8~5.0×10-7mol/L、5.0×10-8~6.0×10-7mol/L、5.0×10-8~6.0×10-7mol/L;检出限分别为2.06×10-8mol/L、1.13×10-8mol/L和1.74×10-9mol/L。该方法最后用于卵黄高磷蛋白中含磷量的测定,取得定量结果。     

基于磁性分离-硫化铜纳米粒子标记的DNA流动注射化学发光检测

本文基于磁性粒子(MB)良好的分离、富集能力,研究了硫化铜纳米粒子标记的流动注射-化学发光(FI-CL)DNA检测体系.通过硫化铜标记的探针1与目标DNA及连有磁球的探针2形成三明治结构,实现对目标DNA的捕获、分离与标记;通过其溶解释放出CuS标记颗粒的铜离子,引起化学发光信号增强,实现了目标DNA序列的定性定量检测.该方法对完全互补单链DNA(ssDNA)检测的线性范围为1.0×10-11～1.6×10-9 mol/L,检出限为3.0×10-12 mol/L,对1.0×10-9 mol/L目标DNA测定的相对标准偏差为3.2%(n=11),对目标碱基序列具有良好的识别能力.     

铜离子在废弃杨树叶粉上吸附的研究

以废弃杨树叶粉为原料,用微分脉冲伏安法测定了废弃杨树叶粉吸附水溶液中的铜离子。建立了微分脉冲伏安法测定铜离子的方法,在2.5×10~(-4)~2.5×10~(-7) mol/L范围内测定铜离子,检测限为2.51×0~(-8) mol/L,并用于铜离子在废弃杨树叶粉上吸附的研究,考察了铜离子浓度范围、吸附时间、温度、杨树叶粉用量对杨树叶粉吸附铜离子的影响。在40 mL含有铜离子(2.5×10~(-4) mol/L)的KCl(0.025mol/L)溶液中,0.1g杨树叶粉足以吸附99%的铜离子,0.3g的杨树叶粉吸附达到完全,表观一级吸附速率为0.004 37s~(-1),5min可近于吸附平衡。吸附不遵从Temkin等温吸附模型,升高温度不利于吸附过程。最大吸附量为63.48mg/g,可以用于自然pH值下污染水中铜离子的吸附去除。     

铂（Ⅳ）—钼酸盐—丁基罗丹明B缔合显色反应的研究

本文研究在聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下,铂与钼酸铵和丁基罗丹明B(BRB)形成离子缔合物,该缔合物的最大吸收位于570nm,摩尔吸光系数ε值为9.26×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),服从比耳定律范围0～3.0μg Pt/25ml,缔合物至少稳定3周。测定铂的条件为C_(HClO_4)=1.4mol/L,C_(MoO_4~(2-)=1.1×10~(-3)mol/L,C_(BRB)=3.8×10~(-5)mol/L,0.08％PVA。考察了40多种共存离子的影响,除形成杂多酸的元素外,大多数不干扰。本法已用于催化剂和某些铂矿中铂的测定,结果较满意。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

解决能源问题的新途径——光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。     

黄酮化合物的合成研究进展

黄酮化合物是一类具有多种生物活性的天然产物,其经典的合成方法主要为查耳酮路线和β-丙二酮路线.近年来出现了许多新技术、新方法.本文介绍了2'-羟基查尔酮的氧化关环法、黄烷酮氧化法、改进的Baker-Venkataraman法及其他合成黄酮化合物的方法.