时不变分数阶系统反周期解的存在性

反周期解问题是非线性微分系统动力学的重要特征.近年来,非线性整数阶微分系统的反周期解问题得到了广泛的研究,非线性分数阶微分系统的反周期解问题也得到了初步的讨论.不同于已有的工作,该文研究时不变分数阶系统反周期解的存在性问题.证明了时不变分数阶系统在有限时间区间内不存在反周期解,而当分数阶导数的下限趋近于无穷大时,时不变分数阶系统却存在反周期解.     

一类带阻尼项的二阶Hamilton系统的多重周期解

利用临界点理论研究带阻尼项的二阶Hamilton系统周期解的存在性.在具有部分周期位势和线性增长非线性项时,根据广义鞍点定理定理,得到了系统多重周期解存在的充分条件.     

Liénard型系统解的定性行为

该文讨论非线性系统 x＝1/a(h(y)-F(x)), y＝-a(x)g(x) (E)解的一些定性行为,获得了系统(E)为振动,全局渐近稳定,全局中心的充要条件和周期解的存在的充分条件.     

一类多滞量周期扰动非线性系统的周期解

研究一类具有多个滞量的周期扰动非线性系统的T周期解.利用拓扑度的方法得到了系统存在T周期解的充分条件.作为应用,证明了具有滞后的单种群对数模型在一定条件下存在正周期解.     

一类次线性非自治二阶系统的多重周期解

利用广义鞍点定理研究非自治二阶系统周期解的存在性.在具有部分周期位势和次线性增长非线性项时,给出了多重周期解存在的充分条件,所得结论推广了已知结果.     

一阶非自治共振系统周期解的存在性

研究一阶非自治共振系统周期解的存在性,其中非线性项为连续周期函数.运用Miranda定理和Schauder不动点定理,本文为上述系统建立周期解存在性的新结果.所得结论丰富并补充已有文献的相关结论.     

Newton方法在非线性振动理论中的推广与应用

本文提出和证明了,用Newton方法可以求解强(弱)非线性非自治系统的渐近解析周期解,为研究强(弱)非线性系统振动提供了一个新的解析方法.根据本文方法的需要,讨论了二阶线性非齐次周期系统周期解的存在与计算问题.此外,还讨论了Newton方法对于拟线性系统的应用.最后,应用本文方法计算了Duffing方程的周期解.     

一类非线性系统周期解的存在唯一性

运用Liapunov函数方法,研究了一类四阶非线性系统,得到了该非线性系统存在唯一渐近稳定的周期解的充分条件.     

二阶非线性系统概周期解的存在性

该文研究某些二阶非线性系统, 利用平均法给出了非线性系统概周期解存在性的某些充分条件, 推广了已知结果. 二个特殊系统用于说明其结果的可行性和更一般性.     

具有无穷时滞退化微分系统的周期解

讨论具有无穷时滞的非线性退化微分系统E(t)x(t)=A(t)x(t) integral from n=-∞to 0(H(t,s)x(t s)ds f(t,x_t)).的周期解问题.利用矩阵测度和Krasnoselskii不动点定理获得了系统存在周期解的充分条件,并且实例说明了所得结果的有效性.     

An allometric scaling relation based on logistic growth of cities

The relationships between urban area and population size have been empirically demonstrated to follow the scaling law of allometric growth. This allometric scaling is based on exponential growth of city size and can be termed “exponential allometry”, which is associated with the concepts of fractals. However, both city population and urban area comply with the course of logistic growth rather than exponential growth. In this paper, I will present a new allometric scaling based on logistic growth to solve the above mentioned problem. The logistic growth is a process of replacement dynamics. Defining a pair of replacement quotients as new measurements, which are functions of urban area and population, we can derive an allometric scaling relation from the logistic processes of urban growth, which can be termed “logistic allometry”. The exponential allometric relation between urban area and population is the approximate expression of the logistic allometric equation when the city size is not large enough. The proper range of the allometric scaling exponent value is reconsidered through the logistic process. Then, a medium-sized city of Henan Province, China, is employed as an example to validate the new allometric relation. The logistic allometry is helpful for further understanding the fractal property and self-organized process of urban evolution in the right perspective.     

PERMANENCE OF A DISCRETE LOGISTIC EQUATION WITH PURE TIME DELAYS

In this paper we propose a discrete logistic system with pure delays. By giving the detail analysis of the right-hand side functional of the system, we consider its permanence property which is one of the most important topic in the study of population dynamics. The results obtained in this paper are good extensions of the existing results to the discrete case. Also we give an example to show the feasibility of our main results.     

MODELING THE DEPLETION OF A RENEWABLE RESOURCE BY POPULATION AND INDUSTRIALIZATION: EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGY ON ITS CONSERVATION

Abstract In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model is proposed and analyzed to study the depletion of a renewable resource by population and industrialization with resource‐dependent migration. The effect of technology on resource conservation is also considered. In the modeling process, four variables are considered, namely, density of a renewable resource, population density, density of industrialization, and technological effort. Both the growth rate and carrying capacity of resource biomass, which follows logistic model, are assumed to be simultaneously depleted by densities of population and industrialization but it is conserved by technological effort. It is further assumed that densities of population and industrialization increase due to increase in the density of renewable resource. The growth rate of technological effort is assumed to be proportional to the difference of carrying capacity of resource biomass and its current density. The model is analyzed by using the stability theory of differential equations and computer simulation. The model analysis shows that the biomass density decreases due to increase in densities of population and industrialization. It decreases further as the resource‐dependent industrial migration increases. But the resource may never become extinct due to population and industrialization, if technological effort is applied appropriately for its conservation.     

OPTIMAL HARVESTING OF A SPATIALLY EXPLICIT FISHERY MODEL

Abstract We consider an optimal fishery harvesting problem using a spatially explicit model with a semilinear elliptic PDE, Dirichlet boundary conditions, and logistic population growth. We consider two objective functionals: maximizing the yield and minimizing the cost or the variation in the fishing effort (control). Existence, necessary conditions, and uniqueness for the optimal harvesting control for both cases are established. Results for maximizing the yield with Neumann (no‐flux) boundary conditions are also given. The optimal control when minimizing the variation is characterized by a variational inequality instead of the usual algebraic characterization, which involves the solutions of an optimality system of nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.     

Optimal harvesting for periodic age-dependent population dynamics with logistic term

We prove an asymptotic behavior result for an age-dependent population dynamics with logistic term and periodic vital rates. We investigate next an optimal harvesting problem related to a periodic age-structured model with logistic term. Existence of an optimal control and necessary optimality conditions are established. A conceptual algorithm to approximate the optimal pair is derived and some numerical experiments are presented.     

THE ECONOMICS OF MARINE RESERVES

ABSTRACT. Marine reserves can be a useful supplement to other methods of fisheries management, but marine reserves alone are not likely to achieve a great deal in economic terms andperhaps not even in terms of conservation. The effects of marine reserves with open access elsewhere are analyzed, using a logistic model for a population with a patchy distribution. It is assumedthat a marine reserve is establishedfor the territory of one of two sub‐populations which interact through migrations. The total population increases while the total catch declines for the most part. A high rate of migration would, however, dilute the conservation effect. Examining a stochastic variant of the model shows that the variability (sum of squareddeviations) of catches may decrease as a result of protecting one of the sub‐populations. Even if all rents disappear by assumption, it is possible to identify this as an economic benefit, particularly when the average catch increases. The variability of the catch falls for a range of values of the population migration parameter and variability of growth, both when the stochastic disturbances are independent and when they are perfectly correlated for the two sub‐populations, andalso when the growth variability parameter differs between the sub‐populations.     

A REACTION–DIFFUSION EQUATION MODELING THE INVASION OF THE ARGENTINE ANT POPULATION,LINEPITHEMA HUMILE,AT JASPER RIDGE BIOLOGICAL PRESERVE

Abstract A continuous reaction–diffusion model is developed for the invasive Argentine ant population within a preserve in northern California. The model is a second‐order partial differential equation incorporating a logistic growth term. The dispersal distance traveled during the reproductive process of budding is used to estimate the diffusion coefficient. The model has two homogeneous steady states, one occurring at the propagation front where the Argentine ant population does not yet exist and one occurring where the population has reached carrying capacity. The traveling wave solutions of the model depict the population density for a given time and location. Using current research, parameter values for the model are estimated and a traveling wave solution for the average parameter values is numerically demonstrated.     

From behavioural to population level: Growth and competition

The aim of this work is to build models of population dynamics for growth and competition interaction by starting with detailed models at the individual level. At the individual level, we start with detailed models where the growth is described by linear terms. By considering individual interferences and by using aggregation methods, we show that the population level, different growth equation can emerge. We present an example of the emergence of logistic growth and an example of the emergence of logistic growth with Allee effect. Furthermore, in the case of two populations, we show that individual interferences can lead at the population level, to a model which has the same qualitative dynamics behaviour as the Lotka-Volterra competition model. Finally, we show that our model brings to light the effects of spatial heterogeneity on competition models. First, we find the stabilizing effects but also we show that destabilizing effects can occur.     

单物种人口模型指数隐式Euler方法的振动性

本文研究了用以描述单物种人口模型的延迟Logistic方程的数值振动性.对方程应用隐式Euler方法进行求解,针对离散格式定义了指数隐式Euler方法,证明了该方法的收敛阶为1.根据线性振动性理论获得了数值解振动的充分条件.进而还对非振动数值解的性质作了讨论.最后用数值算例对理论结果进行了验证.     

Analysis of a malaria model with mosquito-dependent transmission coefficient for humans

In this paper, we discuss an ordinary differential equation mathematical model for the spread of malaria in human and mosquito population. We suppose the human population to act as a reservoir. Both the species follow a logistic population model. The transmission coefficient or the interaction coefficient of humans is considered to be dependent on the mosquito population. It is seen that as the factors governing the transmission coefficient of humans increase, so does the number of infected humans. Further, it is observed that as the immigration constant increases, it leads to a rise in infected humans, giving an endemic shape to the disease.