铁（Ⅲ）—过氧化氢—水杨基荧光酮—溴化十六烷基三甲铵荧光猝灭反应？…

在ｐＨ３．１～５．２的ＨＣｌ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲介质中,溶液中的铁（Ⅲ）与过氧化氢（Ｈ２Ｏ２）,水杨基荧光酮（ＳＡＦ）和溴化十六烷基三发（ＣＴＭＡＢ）反应产生一多元混合络合物,使水杨基荧光酮溶液的荧光明显猝灭,据此建立了测定痕量铁的荧光猝灭分析法,该体系的激发波长λｅｘ＝４３５．８ｎｍ,发射波长λｅｍ＝５４０ｎｍ。铁的浓度在２～１００ｕｇ／Ｌ范围内有良好的线性关系;方法的检出限为０．４１ｕｇ／Ｌ。该方法     

铝－5＇－硝基水杨基荧光酮－溴化十六烷基吡啶显色反应的研究及应用

本文研究了铝－５＇－硝基水杨基荧光酮（５＇－ＮＳＦ）－溴化十六烷基吡啶（ＣＰＢ）体系的显色条件。试验结果表明，在ｐＨ４．５～６．０范围内，铝与５＇－ＮＳＦ及ＣＰＢ形成紫红色的三元配合物，其最大吸收波长为５５８ｎｍ，摩尔吸光系数为１．３×１０￣５，配合物的组成为Ａｌ：５＇－ＮＳＦ：ＣＰＢ＝１：２：２。铝浓度在０～４μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内符合比耳定律。方法用于石灰石、石英沙、石膏中铝的测定，结果令人满意。     

铬（VI）与5—溴水杨基荧光酮的显色反应及应用

本文研究了Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）与５－溴水杨基荧光酮（５－Ｂｒ－ＳＡＦ）的显色反应。在ｐＨ６．０ＫＨ２ＰＯ４－ＮａＯＨ缓冲溶液中，Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）与５－Ｂｒ－ＳＡＦ、ＣＴＭＡＢ形式稳定的三元络合物，其最大吸收波长为５７２ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为１．４２×１０＾５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｃｍ＾－１。Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）浓度在０￣２．５μｇ／１０ｍＬ间服从比耳定律。用此法测定了环境水样中微量Ｃｒ（Ⅵ），获得满意结果。     

铝—5‘—硝基水杨基荧光酮—溴化十六烷基吡啶显色反应的研究及应用

本研究了铝－５＇－硝基水杨基荧光酮（５＇ＮＳＦ）－溴化十六烷基吡啶（ＣＰＢ）体系的显色条件。试验结果表明，在ＰＨ４．５－６．０范围内，铝与５＇－ＮＳＦ及ＣＰＢ形成紫工色的三元配合物，其最大吸收波长为５５８ｎｍ，摩尔吸光系６娄１．３×１０＾５，配合物的组成为Ａｌ：５＇－ＮＳＦ：ＣＰＢ＝１：２：２。铝浓度在０９．４μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内符合比耳定律。方法用于石灰石、石英沙、石膏中铝的测定，结果令人满意     

2,4—二甲氧基苯基荧光酮荧光熄灭法测定痕量钨

１引言荧光光度法测定钨所用的荧光酮类试剂有：二溴羟基苯基荧光酮、５’－硝基水杨基荧光酮、水杨基荧光酮等．２，４－二甲氧基苯基荧光酮（ＤＭＰＦ）自合成以来，已应用于荧光熄灭法测定钛、铁等．作者详细地研究了在混合表面活性剂（ＣＴＭＡＢ＋ＯＰ－１０）协同增敏作用下，钨与２，４－二甲氧基苯基荧光酮的荧光熄灭体系．该法显色迅速，荧光强度稳定，线性范围宽．在混合掩蔽剂ＥＤＴＡ和盐酸羟胺存在下，测定合金钢中的钨，结果满意。２实验部分２．对主要仪器与试剂９３０型荧光光度计；钨标准溶液（ｌ．００ｍｇ／Ｌ）；２，４…     

溴化十六烷基三甲胺存在下,9—（3,5—二溴）水杨基荧光酮与锡的显色反研究及

本文研究了在溴化十六烷基三甲胺存在下，９－（３，５－二溴）水杨基荧光酮与锡的显色反应。实验表明：该显色反应灵敏度高，选择性好，稳定时间长。用于水和矿石中锡的测定，结果符合分析要求。     

铬（Ⅵ）与5－溴水杨基荧光酮的显色反应及应用

本文研究了Ｃｒ（Ⅳ）与５－溴水杨基荧光酮（５－Ｂｒ－ＳＡＦ）的显色反应。在ｐＨ６．０ＫＨ＿２ＰＯ＿４－ＮａＯＨｉＬ冲溶液中，Ｃｒ（Ⅳ）与５－Ｂｒ－ＳＡＦ、ＣＴＭＡＢ形式稳定的三元络合物，其最大吸收波长为５７２ｎｍ，表现摩尔吸光系数为１．４２×１０￣５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１）。Ｃｒ（Ⅳ）浓度在０～２．５μｇ／１０ｍＬ间服从比耳定律。用此法测定了环境水样中微量Ｃｒ（Ⅳ），获得满意结果。     

荧光酮类试剂的结构与荧光性能关系的研究

研究了苯基荧光酮，水杨基荧光酮，二甲氨基苯基荧光酮及其溴取代衍生物的荧光性能与结构的关系，试验表明，在分子中９－取代苯的间位（３’或５’位）上引入溴取代基后，激发及发射波长较相应未溴化的试剂均有红移，斯托克位移增大，分析性能有所致善，比较了六种试剂荧光猝灭法测定Ｚｒ（Ⅳ）和Ａｌ（Ⅲ）的条件，建立了相应的测定方法。     

溴化十六烷基三甲胺存在下，9－（3，5－二溴）水杨基荧光酮与锡的显色反应研究及应用

本文研究了在溪化十六烷基三甲胺存在下，９－（３，５－二溴）水杨基荧光酮与锡的显色反应。实验表明：该显色反应灵敏度高，选择性好，稳定时间长。用于水和矿石中锡的测定，结果符合分析要求。     

二溴羟基苯基荧光酮—乳化剂OP荧光熄灭法测定微量铬（Ⅵ）

本文基于Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）－二溴羟基苯基荧光酮（ＤＢＨ－ＰＦ）－ＯＰ体系的荧光熄灭效应，提出一种测定痕量铬（Ⅵ）的新荧光方法。在ｐＨ２．４－４．１的ＨＣｌ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲介质和ＯＰ存在下，Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）与ＤＢＨ－ＰＦ形成１：２的橙红色络合物，络合物的最大激发发工和发射波长分别是３６５ｍｍ和５２８ｎｍ。铬（Ⅵ）量在０．０５－１．５μｇ／２５ｍｌ范围内与△Ｆ呈线性关系，检测限是２．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。方法用于电镀废液，废     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

解决能源问题的新途径——光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。