育龄妇女宫颈粘液中微量元素铜的探讨

测定了育龄妇女４２例，不孕妇女４８例，上不锈钢金属圆环避孕妇女１２例的宫颈粘液中微量元素铜，结果如下：正常组铜０．１８±０．２２ｍｇ／Ｌ，不孕组０．６５±１．１４ｍｇ／Ｌ，上金属圆环组０．２８±０．２８ｍｇ／Ｌ．所得数值表明：不孕组宫颈粘液铜离子的含量明显高于正常育龄妇女组，差别有极显著意义，Ｐ＜０．０１．采用不锈钢金属环避孕妇女组与正常育龄妇女比较，无显著差异，Ｐ＞０．０５。     

微量元素与妊娠及围产医学的关系

为探讨微量元素与妊娠及围产医学的关系，取４９例正常孕产妇和５１例异常孕产妇的头发进行微量元素检测．结果表明，异常孕产妇中妊娠高血压综合征组发锌均值（１０４±１７．５４）×１０－６明显低于正常组（１６８±２２．１２）×１０－６，而发铜均值（１３．３±０．７８）×１０－６明显高于正常组（１１．３±０．９４）×１０－６，不明原因流产组发锌（１１５±１０．３２）×１０－６，发铜（９．０３±１．０３）×１０－６两项均值明显低于正常组，羊膜早破组仅发铜均值（７．５９±１．９７）×１０－６低于正常组；畸胎组则锌、铜、铁、钙均值都低于正常组．经统计学处理均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５或产＜０．０１）     

恶性骨肿瘤病人血清铜,锌测定

对１９名恶性骨肿瘤病人进行了血清铜、锌测定，与正常对照组进行比较，结果显示患病组血清铜２１．２±６．４４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ高于对照组的１４．２±３．６０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１），且铜／锌比值明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血清锌两组间差异无显著性意义。     

妊娠晚期羊水中微量元素测定及其与胎儿生长发育关系的研究

对１０２名足月正常妊娠第一胎的产妇妊娠晚期羊水中６种微量元素（锌、铜、锰、铁、钙、镁）首次进行了测定，并通过对出生新生儿生长发育的监测探讨其与胎儿生长发育的关系。妊娠晚期羊水中６种微量元素含量（±Ｓ／×１０－５）分别为：Ｚｎ２．２９±１．７７，Ｃｕ０．１４±０．１４，Ｍｎ０．１３±０．２３，Ｆｅ３．６９±２．７０，Ｃａ８２．５４±７４．１８，Ｍｇ１８．７１±１１．０９．男女新生儿其母羊水中微量元素含量比较无显著差异，Ｐ≥０．０５．与文献报道中期妊娠羊水中所含微量元素比较有增加趋势．６种微量元素相互关系中．与锌、钙呈正相关外，锌与铜、锰、铁、镁呈负相关．低体重组与低身长组新生儿孕母羊水中锌含量明显低于高体重组和高身长组，有显著差异，Ｐ≤０．０１．铁在高身长组含量增高，与低身长组比较有显著差异，Ｐ≤０．０５．锰于低体重组含量升高，与高体重组比较有显著差异，Ｐ≤０．０１．镁与铜于低身长组含量升高，与高身长组比较有显著差异，Ｐ分别≤０．０５与０．０１．可见高铜、高锰、高镁可致胎儿生长发育迟缓．     

小儿佝偻病血中微量元素的观察

对７１例确诊为不同阶段的佝偻病患儿同时进行观察血液中微量元素锌、铜、铅以及血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶的变化。结果表明，佝偻病组的血铸、血钙、血磷均低于正常组，血铅、ＡＫＰ高于正常组，血铜则两组无大差异，但铜／锌比值正常组为０．２２±０．６３明显低于佝偻病组０．３６±０．５５，ｔ＝３．２０，Ｐ＜０．０５．各期佝偻病微量元素的变化与正常儿对比，在佝偻病的初期血磷略低于正常，血锌明显减少，碱性磷酸酶升高。在疾病的激期钙、磷、锌明显低于正常，碱性磷酸酶及铅升高，恢复期各元素基本恢复正常。     

正常小儿血清锌铜含量测定及几种疾病中锌、铜含量变化的观察报告

报道２３５名正常小儿血清锌、铜参考值（μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）：新生儿１３．３±１．９、１２．６±２．２，１～３个月龄时偏低，４月龄后增加，且恒定在１５．６±３．２、１７．４±３．４。铜／锌比值为１．１±０．２。疾病组１８０例患儿血清锌降低，以厌食、缺铁性贫血降低明显。血清铜增加，以恶性血液病增加显著，且与病情相关。Ｇ６ＰＤ缺陷溶血组血清锌减少比非溶血组减少明显．与Ｇ６ＰＤ活性、Ｇ６ＰＤ缺陷致溶血之间存在着一定的关系。了解血清钟、铜含量及其比值，对某些小儿疾病的诊断、治疗和预后均有一定的参考价值。     

佝偻病患儿发中微量元素观察

对４８例佝偻病患儿发中锌、铅、铜３种元素用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定，同时采患儿指端血用超微量分析仪测定血钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ），与正常组对比，以探讨佝偻病与微量元素的关系．结果表明：佝偻病患儿发锌、血钙、血磷低于对照组，发锌１００．３６×１０－６±５１．８８×１０－６，１６７．７６×１０－６±１１３．５２×１０－６，Ｐ＜０．０１；血钙４．７７±０．８６ｍｇ／ｄＬ，５．２９±０．５７ｍｇ／ｄＬ，Ｐ＜０．０５；血磷８．２１±１．０６ｍｇ／ｄＬ，９．４５±１．４４ｍｇ／ｄＬ，Ｐ＜０．０１，发铅、铜／锌比值及ＡＫＰ高于对照组，分别为发铅４６．７×１０－６±２６．７×１０－６，２６．７９×１０－６±１１．６×１０－６，Ｐ＜０．０１；铜／锌０．２５８９±０．１８７，０．１４４２±０．１０６，Ｐ＜０．０５；ＡＫＰ３６．４３±２４．６５ｕ，２５．１８±５．７９ｕ，Ｐ＜０．０５。提示婴幼儿体内锌含量不足及铅过高是引起佝偻病的原因之一。在防治佝偻病时，应补充微量元素锌．     

深圳市小学生头发中锌,铜,铁含量与血红蛋白的相关分析

为探讨深圳市小学生头发中锌、铜、铁的含量与贫血的关系，随机选择了9～14岁的小学51名，检测了头发中锌、铜、铁的含量，血红蛋白（Hb）水平，结果显示：深圳市小学生发锌、铜、铁均值分别为155．43×10-6，7．03×10-6，17．63×10-6，发锌值处于国内部分城市的较高水平，发铜含量较低，发铁居中。结合该51名小学生Hb的测定，按我国儿童少年贫血筛检国家标准，贫血29名，发锌均值为150．94×10-6；血红蛋白含量正常22名．其发锌均值为168．98×10-6，贫血组和正常组发锌含量的显著性检验t＝2．035，P＜0．05，两组发锌含量差别有显著意义，说明贫血与发锌含量有联系。在锌的日膳食供给量（RDA）基本正常的情况下，则应注意贫血和体内钢、铁含量及其利用率的相互关系。     

含锌冲剂治疗小儿缺锌的临床观察

本文通过含锌冲剂治疗小儿血锌低下２４例．对患儿临床症状改善情况进行比较，发现改善厌食症状有效率达８６．３６％，反应呼吸道感染有效率达９５．２４％．对缺锌组治疗前与正常儿童血铸进行比较．治疗组血锌比正常组明显偏低，Ｐ＜０．００１，其差异有极显著意义．对治疗组治疗前后的血锌等元素进行测定与比较，口服含锌冲剂治疗后，血锌大部分升高，经ｌ检验，Ｐ＜０．００５，其差别有显著意义。而Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ比值在治疗后明显升高，Ｐ＜０．００１，更说明含锌冲剂对调整微量元素有肯定的效果。     

糖尿病患者血清中5种元素分析

用原子吸收分光光度法对８４例糖尿病患者及５０例健康人的血清中微量元素锌,铜,铁及宏量元素钙,镁的含量进行了测定分析。结果表明：糖尿病组血清中锌,铁明显低于对照组,血清中铜高于对照组,经ｔ检验差别有显著意义Ｐ〈０．０５或Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Glycofuranosides and Their Biochemical and Biological Activities in Cell-Free and Cellular Assays

Tyrosol (T) and hydroxytyrosol (HOT) and their glycosides are promising candidates for applications in functional food products or in complementary therapy. A series of phenylethanoid glycofuranosides (PEGFs) were synthesized to compare some of their biochemical and biological activities with T and HOT. The optimization of glycosylation promoted by environmentally benign basic zinc carbonate was performed to prepare HOT α-L-arabino-, β-D-apio-, and β-D-ribofuranosides. T and HOT β-D-fructofuranosides, prepared by enzymatic transfructosylation of T and HOT, were also included in the comparative study. The antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective potential of T, HOT, and PEGFs on plasmid DNA were determined using cell-free assays. The DNA-damaging potential of the studied compounds for human hepatoma HepG2 cells and their DNA-protective potential on HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide were evaluated using the comet assay. Experiments revealed a spectrum of different activities of the studied compounds. HOT and HOT β-D-fructofuranoside appear to be the best-performing scavengers and protectants of plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells. T and T β-D-fructofuranoside display almost zero or low scavenging/antioxidant activity and protective effects on plasmid DNA or HepG2 cells. The results imply that especially HOT β-D-fructofuranoside and β-D-apiofuranoside could be considered as prospective molecules for the subsequent design of supplements with potential in food and health protection.