Low beta spoke cavity multipacting analysis

The simulation and analysis for electron multipacting phenomenon in a low β spoke superconducting cavity in ADS proton accelerator are proposed. Using both CST and Track3P codes, the electron multipacting calculation for β=0.12 spoke superconducting cavity is implemented. The methods of multipacting calculation on both codes are studied and described. With the comparison between the calculation results and the cavity vertical test result, the accuracy and reliability of different codes on calculating multipacting are analyzed. Multipacting calculation can help to understand the results of vertical test and also can help to do the optimization in cavity design.     

Algebraic dynamics algorithm:Numerical comparison with Runge-Kutta algorithm and symplectic geometric algorithm

Based on the exact analytical solution of ordinary differential equations, a truncation of the Taylor series of the exact solution to the Nth order leads to the Nth order algebraic dynamics algorithm. A detailed numerical comparison is presented with Runge-Kutta algorithm and symplectic geometric algorithm for 12 test models. The results show that the algebraic dynamics algorithm can better preserve both geometrical and dynamical fidelity of a dynamical system at a controllable precision, and it can solve the problem of algorithm-induced dissipation for the Runge-Kutta algorithm and the problem of algorithm-induced phase shift for the symplectic geometric algorithm.     

Aspheric surface measurement based on sub-aperture stitching interferometry

In order to test convex aspheric surfaces without the aid of other null optics, a novel method combined sub-aperture stitching and interferometry called SSI （sub-aperture stitching interferometry） is introduced. In this letter, the theory, basic principle, and flow chart of SSI are researched. A synthetical optimization stitching mode and an effective stitching algorithm are established based on homogeneous coordinate＇s transformation and simultaneous least-squares fitting. The software of SSI is devised, and the prototype for testing of large aspheres by SSI is designed and developed. The experiment is carried out with five sub- apertures for a convex silicon carbide （SIC） aspheric mirror with a clear aperture of 130 ram. The peak-to- valley （PV） and root-mean-square （RMS） error are 0.186 λand 0.019 λ, respectively. For the comparison and validation, the TMA system which contained the convex asphere is tested by interferometry. The wavefront error of the central field of the optical system is 0.068 λRMS which approaches to diffraction limitation. The results conclude that this technique is feasible and accurate. It enables the non-null testing of aspheric surfaces especially for convex aspheres.     

Analysis of random laser scattering pulse signals with lognormal distribution

The statistical distribution of natural phenomena is of great significance in studying the laws of nature. In order to study the statistical characteristics of a random pulse signal, a random process model is proposed theoretically for better studying of the random law of measured results. Moreover, a simple random pulse signal generation and testing system is designed for studying the counting distributions of three typical objects including particles suspended in the air, standard particles, and background noise. Both normal and lognormal distribution fittings are used for analyzing the experimental results and testified by chi-square distribution fit test and correlation coefficient for comparison. In addition, the statistical laws of three typical objects and the relations between them are discussed in detail. The relation is also the non-integral dimension fractal relation of statistical distributions of different random laser scattering pulse signal groups.     

Radiometric compensation algorithm for color reproduction of projection display on patterned surface

<正>A novel radiometric compensation algorithm is proposed to correct the color distortions of the projection display on patterned surface.Two choices of the objective image are investigated in this algorithm.A linear compression followed by a sigmoid-function transformation based on the statistical parameters of the compensating radiance map is performed to reduce the clippings of the compensating color and expected to properly reproduce the dynamic range and the visibility of the image content.Three types of projection displays are produced for each test image.The parameter analysis indicates that the compensated displays could well conceal the surface pattern and tend to exhibit higher lightness or lightness contrast in the camera.The comparison results in a psychophysical experiment demonstrate that all the compensated displays outperform the uncompensated ones.The original input images seem more appropriate to be selected as the objective images,and the predicted objectives on the white screen are just proper for the bright and low-contrast input images displayed on the faint surface.     

Scanning Hartmann test method and its application to lens aberration measurement

A scanning Hartmann test method is proposed and its measurement principle is described. The scanning Hartmann test setup is formed by modifying the Hartmann screen of the conventional Hartmann test setup. With the rotation of the scanning Hartmann screen and the improved hole arrangement, the whole information of the lens to be tested in the full aperture can be obtained. The measurement accuracy of the aberration is improved and the local error of the lens can be got. In the method, no change of the Hartmann screen is needed for measuring the lenses of different aperture sizes. Experimental results of aberration measurements of two lenses are given to verify the usefulness of the setup.     

Projectile angular-differential cross sections for single electron transfer in fast He~+-He collisions

The four-body Coulomb–Born distorted wave approximation is applied to investigate the integral as well as projectile angular-differential cross sections for single-electron capture in the collision of energetic singly positive charged helium ions with helium atoms in their ground states. The formalism satisfies the correct boundary conditions. The influence of the dynamic electron correlations on the cross sections is studied by considering the inter electronic interactions in the complete perturbation potentials in post form. Also, the sensitivity of the cross sections to the static electronic correlations is studied by using the single-zeta and the highly correlated Byron–Joachain wave functions to describe the initial bound state of the active electrons. The obtained results for the energy range of 40–5000 ke V/amu are reported and compared with other three- and four-body theoretical data and available experimental measurements. The comparison leads us to discuss the validity of the applied approach and survey the interaction effects on the cross sections by recognizing the electron–electron interaction. Particularly, for differential cross sections, the comparison of the present four-body method with the experiment shows that the agreement is not as good as that for its three-body version.     

THE GENERALIZED PHASE SPECTRUM METHOD FOR TIME DELAY ESTIMATION

The concept of the Generalized Phase Spectrum(GPS)TDE is put forward.The variance ofthe GPS TDE is calculated.The relation between the GPS TDE and the GCC TDE is derived.Amultipath signal model is considered.The method of Amplitude Square(AS)weighting for TDE isproposed and the comparison between the AS TDE and the Phase Data(PD)TDE is made in the mul-tipath environment.The results of theoretical calculation and computer simulation experiment showthat the performance of the AS weighting TDE is superior to that of the PD TDE.GPS TDE can effi-ciently utilize single chip FFT processor to simplify the signal processing equipment,mitigate com-putation load and raise estimate speed for TDE.     

Grouped pair-wise comparison for subjective sound quality evaluation

In subjective sound quality pair-wise comparison evaluation, test time grows with square of the number of sound stimulus. For this reason, subjective evaluation of large quantity of stimulus is difficult to carry out with pair-wise comparison method. A grouped pair-wise comparison (GPC) method is proposed to greatly decrease time and difficult of subjective comparison test, in which stimuli in the whole evaluation corpus are divided into N test groups, with reference-link stimuli configured in each group. Derived from subjective results of each group, final results of all stimuli are reconstructed, and their perceptual attributes of sound quality can be analyzed. With car interior noise as example, realization of subjective sound quality evaluation with GPC method is introduced. The results of GPC evaluation are in good agreement with those obtained from paired comparison and semantic differential methods.     

Stochastic motion of the untrapped particle in electrostatic mode

The stochastic energy diffusion of the untrapped particle in the electrostatic mode is investigated analytically. We find that the equilibrium electrostatic field of periodical structure plays the same role as the usual focusing magnetic field to lead the test particle to stochastic motion. The resonance overlapping criterion for the random state is given, and also the Fokker-Planek-Kohnogorov approach to diffusion is considered for our system.     

Histogram comparison used in BESⅢ software and data validation

The performance of histogram comparison is studied for the various types of hypothesis test methods.The Kolmogorov test is recommended for the software and data validation and the minimum event numbers for different distributions are given in order to get more reliable results.A new bin content comparison method is implemented to deal with the hitmap-like histograms.     

目标探测精度的同分布检验设计与应用

为解决海上靶场目标探测精度的同分布检验难题，通过对目标探测试验数据进行现场统计分析，得出多个误差数据符合同一分布及同一正态分布的结果。通过对χ2检验、符号检验及秩和检验方法的比较，得出χ2检验方法适用于海上靶场目标探测精度的同分布检验。合理选择置信水平，可使试验航次数降到原试验航次数的10％～50％。该检验方法有助于提高试验数据处理的可信度和精度，缩短试验周期，可广泛应用于武器装备试验的数据处理与分析实践。     

一种非侵入的GUI自动化测试系统设计

摘 要：针对我国目前土沉降监测的自动化程度及仪器可靠性低、监测数据不及时、测量精度不高等问题,提出了一种新型基于霍尔效应的科学监测方法。这种方法采用多个霍尔器件组成阵列,将沉降磁环分布在土中,土的沉降会带动沉降磁环的跟随沉降,于是便会引起霍尔器件周围磁场强度发生相应的变化。利用霍尔效应监测霍尔器件周围磁场强弱并转化为相应的电信号,采用RS485总线通讯方式将采集到的数据实时上传至实验主机,主机对实验数据进行科学建模处理找到沉降磁环沉降位移与电信号的关系,并设计监测管理平台以实现对土沉降实时在线监测。通过实验验证这种监测方法监测精度高最大误差在0.4mm、稳定性好,可以对多点实时在线监测,从而实现对土沉降的智能化高精度监测。在设计中可结合当前远程传输控制技术实现数据远程共享,具有更加广泛的应用前景。     

大口径平面镜的计算机辅助瑞奇-康芒检验

 在瑞奇-康芒检测中,被检平面本身所固有的像散和大曲率在被检系统波像差数据中都表现为像散。由于被检平面处于发散光路中,这就使得平面面形与系统波像差之间的关系(即影响函数)变得十分复杂,推导起来十分困难,只能进行定性或半定量检测。文中介绍了如何通过计算机光线追迹模拟瑞奇-康芒检验,在两个瑞奇角下得到两组影响函数,以此建立过定方程组,由干涉仪检测得到的两个不同瑞奇角下的系统波像差,通过最小二乘法解过定方程组,拟合得到被检平面镜的面形误差;实现了大口径平面镜的定量检测,并以平面镜直接检验的面形误差作为对比,检验结果的一致验证了该方法的准确性与可行性。     

轮廓仪在柱面镜检测中的应用

目前柱面镜检测的主要方法是样板比较法和干涉法。样板法对球面、柱面样板均有较高要求，而干涉法也需合适的高要求的辅助镜，并且对环境要求较严格。提出了用轮廓仪配用合适工装检测柱面镜的方法，该方法简洁、直观、快速，对环境要求较低。分析了该方法的检测误差，实验验证了分析的正确性，指出高精度轮廓仪在一定范围内能保证柱面镜的检测精度。这种方法不仅适用于零件的最终检测，也适用于加工过程中的检测。     

Absolute interferometric test of Fresnel zone plates

An absolute interferometric test of two-level binary Fresnel zone plates (FZPs) is presented. Five measurements with a wavefront testing interferometer are required to fully separate interferometer errors from those of the FZP. The method provides both errors, pattern errors and surface figure errors of the zone plate absolutely. The test method is suitable for zone mirrors and zone lenses. Test setups are explained, equations are derived and experimental results are presented. Further, applications of the absolute diffractive test method are described. For the estimation of the accuracy of the diffractive calibration method a comparison with the classical three-position test was carried out.     

Hartmann test of small F/# convex mirrors

A modified Hartmann test for testing aspherical convex surfaces of F/# ∼ 1 is analyzed. We present the main differences of this test in comparison to the usual Hartmann test. Theoretical results show that the transverse aberrations yielded by a testing surface have to be measured with respect to its mean sphere. A method to determine the mean sphere is also presented. Experimental results show the feasibility of this method.     

Quantum private comparison of arbitrary single qubit states based on swap test

By using swap test, a quantum private comparison (QPC) protocol of arbitrary single qubit states with a semi-honest third party is proposed. The semi-honest third party (TP) is required to help two participants perform the comparison. She can record intermediate results and do some calculations in the whole process of the protocol execution, but she cannot conspire with any of participants. In the process of comparison, the TP cannot get two participants' private information except the comparison results. According to the security analysis, the proposed protocol can resist both outsider attacks and participants' attacks. Compared with the existing QPC protocols, the proposed one does not require any entanglement swapping technology, but it can compare two participants' qubits by performing swap test, which is easier to implement with current technology. Meanwhile, the proposed protocol can compare secret integers. It encodes secret integers into the amplitude of quantum state rather than transfer them as binary representations, and the encoded quantum state is compared by performing the swap test. Additionally, the proposed QPC protocol is extended to the QPC of arbitrary single qubit states by using multi-qubit swap test.     

位相物体激光全息二次曝光法无损检测

为借助激光全息进行无损检测，获得位相物体的信息，对位相物体激光全息二次曝光法无损检测进行了研究，指出一般的二次曝光法测位相物体典型光路的缺点，提出了物光波2次通过样品的改进方案。利用此方案对一些位相物体(如普通玻璃和有机玻璃)作了无损检测实验，得到了较满意的实验结果。与普通检测方法相比，该方法具有精度高、结果直接可靠、不损伤物体等诸多优点。对改进方案稍作改动，即可用于塑料制品和玻璃制品生产线对加工产品进行在线产品质量监控。     

基于铂电阻的机载测温系统校准方法改进

为了解决机载铂电阻测温系统机上校准工作量大、实施难等问题,根据机载铂电阻测温原理和校准方法,分析了对于单个测温通道在实验室与机载环境下测量结果之间的差异,提出了一种对实验室校准曲线进行修正而替代机上校准曲线的方法,并通过实验对该方法进行验证;设计了根据机载测试系统的数据文件、系统配置文件,批量修正实验室校准曲线的软件;任意选择的8个参数进行工程验证,采用原方法和本文方法进行校准得到的两组校准曲线,分别对测试数据进行处理,得到测量结果的最大偏差与量程比不超过0.27％,证明修正后实验室校准曲线与机上校准曲线基本一致,可以用作数据处理;结果证明,改进后校准方法方便、高效,校准结果满足机载测试要求,为机载参数校准提供了新思路。