热脱附-吹扫捕集-气相色谱质谱联用在大气挥发性有机物分析中的应用探索

采用热脱附结合吹扫捕集(P&T)技术对大气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行富集,并用气相色谱质谱(GC/MS)进行分析检测,建立了一种大气中多组分VOCs分析方法。将热脱附-吹扫捕集-气相色谱质谱联用技术应用于大气挥发性有机物分析中,使样品经过吸附管及捕集阱双重富集后再进入GC/MS检测,VOCs分析结果部分目标物检出限可达到0.1 ng/L,实际平行样品检测结果相对偏差小于30%,且可同时对54种VOCs进行定性定量分析。     

气相色谱–质谱法测定地表水中硝基苯

建立吹扫捕集–气相色谱–质谱联用法测定地表水中硝基苯的方法。用吹扫捕集法对水样进行前处理,以HP–5弱极性毛细管柱(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm)进行分离,质谱法测定水中硝基苯的含量。硝基苯的质量浓度在0.00~60.0μg/L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,线性相关系数为0.999 4,方法的检出限为0.03μg/L。测定结果的相对标准偏差小于2%(n=7),地表水样品加标回收率在91.2%~96.5%之间。该方法操作简便,检出限低,精密度和准确度高,适用于地表水中硝基苯的测定。     

多孔膜萃取/微捕集方法及在线测定水中挥发性有机物

基于多孔膜萃取水中挥发性有机物和微捕集技术,构建了一套水中挥发性有机物(Volatile OrganicCompounds,VOCs)样品前处理装置,可自动、在线、连续完成水中挥发性有机物萃取、富集、热解析,传输给气相色谱分离检测。实验分别对膜萃取材料、萃取温度、萃取时间、吹扫气流速等进行了系统优化,并用于氯仿、1,2-二氯甲烷、四氯化碳、三氯乙烯、甲苯、四氯乙烯、乙苯、氯苯、苯乙烯9种挥发性有机物的检测。研究结果表明,采用膜萃取/微捕集装置,与气相色谱联用,在萃取温度60℃,萃取时间30 min,吹扫气流速8 mL/min条件下,采用氢焰离子化检测器(Flame ionization detector,FID),对氯代烃的检出限达到0.003～0.041μg/L,精确度为2.7%～13.0%,线性相关系数均大于0.9936,适用于在线检测水中挥发性有机物。     

气质联用法测定饮用水中29种挥发性有机物

挥发性有机物(VOCs)具有高挥发性、类脂物可溶性、易被皮肤、粘膜吸收等特点,对环境和人体有较大的影响和危害.新<生活饮用水卫生标准>(GB/T 5749-2006)[1]中VOCs的检测项目从原来的2项增加到25项.顶空气相色谱是过去测定水中VOCs的常用方法,但该法灵敏度较低,不适于数十种挥发性有机物同时检测[2].新技术吹扫捕集-气质联用法(P&T-GC-MS)能同时分析测定多种物质,前处理方式也较简便,因此成为测定水中VOCs的推荐方法[3-6].     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定土壤中27种挥发性有机物

应用吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中27种挥发性有机物的含量。选定在25℃条件下吹扫捕集11min,取样品溶液5mL于吹扫瓶中,利用Tekmar Stratum吹扫捕集器直接进样,经TR-5MS毛细管色谱柱分离,电子轰击电离(EI)全扫描和选择离子扫描检测,内标法进行定量测定。27种挥发性有机物的质量浓度与其峰面积在一定的浓度范围内呈线性关系,方法检出限(3S/N)在0.077～0.69μg·kg~(-1)之间。样品加标平均回收率在86.5%～117.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=7)在1.6%～8.2%之间。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定儿童防护口罩中环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷

采用吹扫捕集–气相色谱–串联质谱(P&T–GC–MS/MS)技术了测定儿童防护口罩中环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷的方法。样品采用4%乙酸水溶液作为模拟液浸泡处理,浸泡液中目标物通过吹扫富集于捕集管中,热脱附后进入气相色谱,采用DB–624 UI型色谱柱(60 m×0.25 mm,1.40μm)分离,气相色谱串联质谱多反应监控模式进行分析检测,内标法定量。环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷在质量浓度为0.2-15 ng/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷的相关系数分别为0.9998、0.9975,方法定量限均为0.01μg/g,满足GB/T 38880—2020及国外相关标准的限值要求。样品加标回收率为91.5%-115.7%,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于4.9%(n=6)。该方法适用于儿童防护口罩中环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷消毒有效成分的批量测定。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法快速测定同序列地下水和土壤中的37种挥发性有机物

建立了吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定同序列地下水和土壤样品中37种挥发性有机物(VOCs)含量的方法。分别采集地下水、土壤样品并封装于40 mL棕色吹扫瓶中,采用全自动固液一体吹扫捕集装置,于20℃吹扫11 min,于250℃脱附1.7 min,于280℃烘烤8 min,将分离后的VOCs利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行分析,采用内标法定量。结果显示:目标物的相对响应因子(RRF)的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=8)小于11%,校准曲线相关系数大于0.998 0;对地下水和土壤样品分别进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,所得的回收率分别为75.5%～112%和82.0%～115%,测定值的RSD(n=7)分别为0.85%～11%和0.81%～7.9%。     

吹扫捕集-GC/MS测定生活污水及饮用水中的挥发性有机物

采用吹扫捕集.气相色谱/质谱联用技术(P&T-GC/MS)分析生活污水及饮用水中的挥发性有机物(VOCs).混合吸附剂富集.混合吸附剂是由TenaxGC+硅胶+活性炭组成,三者体积比2:1:1.从生活饮用水中检出了26种挥发性有机物,其中8种列在我国环境属优先污染物中.     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定水中10种半挥发性有机物

提出了吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定水中硝基苯、三氯苯、硝基氯苯、四氯苯、六氯苯等10种半挥发性有机物含量的方法。选择吹扫温度和吹扫时间分别为60℃和8min。在气相色谱分离中用DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用全扫描监测模式,内标法定量。10种半挥发性有机物的线性范围均为0.5~20μg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)在0.005 9~0.073μg·L-1之间。以地表水、生活污水和工业废水为基体做加标回收试验,测得10种半挥发性有机物的回收率在80.4%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.4%~16%之间。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定海岸带表层沉积物中挥发性有机物

应用吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定海岸带表层沉积物中28种挥发性有机物的含量。选定在40℃条件下吹扫捕集11min,取样品于吹扫瓶中,利用PTA 3000吹扫捕集仪直接进样,经J&W DB5-MS毛细管色谱柱分离,电子轰击电离全扫描检测,内标法进行定量测定。28种挥发性有机物的方法检出限在0.16～0.38μg.kg-1之间,样品加标回收率在70.7%～115.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=7)在1.7%～7.8%之间。     

热脱附-气相色谱-质谱法测定环境空气中67种挥发性有机物

采用热脱附-气相色谱-质谱法,建立了同时分析环境空气中67种挥发性有机物的分析方法。对比了5种不同填充材料不锈钢吸附管对78种挥发性有机物的吸附能力。填充材料为Tenax TA和Carbograph 1TD的混合填料吸附管对分析物的捕集效果最好,在30 mL/min高纯He气持续吹脱45 min的情况下,未发生穿透（即穿透率小于10%）的化合物达67种,分析物的种类包括芳香烃、脂肪烃、卤代烃和含氧挥发性有机物等。优化了使用该吸附管测定67种目标物时的热脱附条件。在5~100 ng范围内,目标化合物的色谱响应值与其量间具有良好的线性关系,其相关系数（r）均在1.0000~0.9977之间。方法检出限为0.3~2.4 ng,以采样体积1 L计算,检出限为0.3~2.4 μg/m³。加标量为20 ng时,7次重复实验目标化合物回收率均在81.6%~114.9%之间,目标化合物的相对标准偏差为1.2%~10.1%。采用该方法对某车厢内空气进行了检测,检出了包括酯类、卤代烷烃、卤代烯烃以及芳香族化合物在内的19种目标化合物,其范围为1.1~84.1 μg/m³。该方法准确、可靠、灵敏度高,实现了对环境空气中67种目标污染物的准确定量。     

吹扫捕集和GC-MS测定水中26种挥发性有机物

用吹扫捕集和气相色谱―质谱联用技术对地表水中的26种挥发性有机污染物进行同时测定。实验结果在2.0～50.0μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.99,检出限在0.08～0.91μg/L范围内。方法的平均回收率为87.33%～116.68%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5%。该方法前处理简单快速,采用内标法定量准确度高,重复性好,适用于清洁水中挥发性有机物的测定。     

Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for the quantification of mitiglinide in human plasma: validation and its application to pharmacokinetic studies

A sensitive and specific method was developed and validated for the determination of mitiglinide in human plasma using liquid chromatographic separation with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric detection. Acidified plasma samples were extracted with ethyl acetate. The chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C(18) column with a mobile phase of methanol-10 mm ammonium acetate solution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Analytes were detected with an Agilent 6410 Triple qudrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source in positive multiple reaction monitoring mode: m/z 316.2 (precursor ion) to 298.2 (product ion) for mitiglinide and m/z 318.2 (precursor ion) to 120.2 (product ion) for the internal standard. This method was validated over a linear range of 0.5-4000 ng/mL for mitiglinide in human plasma. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.5 ng/mL, while a relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 3.9%. The intra- and inter-run precision (as RSD, %) obtained from three validation runs were all less than 15%. The validated method was successfully used to analyze human plasma samples for application in pharmacokinetic studies.     

Response surface methodology for the optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of chloropropanols in human plasma

Chloropropanols are processing toxicants with a potential risk to human health due to the increased intake of processed foods. A rapid and efficient method for the determination of three chloropropanols in human plasma was developed using ultrasound‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. The method involved derivatization and extraction in one step followed by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Parameters affecting extraction, such as sample pH, ionic strength, type and volume of dispersive and extraction solvents were optimized by response surface methodology using a pentagonal design. The linear range of the method was 5–200 ng/mL for 1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propanol, 10–200 ng/mL for 2,3‐dichloro‐2‐propanol and 10–400 ng/mL for 3‐chloropropane‐1,2‐diol with the determination coefficients between 0.9989 and 0.9997. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.3–3.2 ng/mL. The precision varied from 1.9 to 10% relative standard deviation (n = 9). The recovery of the method was between 91 and 101%. Advantages such as low consumption of organic solvents and short time of analysis make the method suitable for the biomonitoring of chloropropanols.     

Screening and Determination of Pesticides from Various Classes in Natural Water without Sample Preparation by Ultra HPLC–High-Resolution Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

A rapid screening and determination of 59 pesticides from various classes in natural water without sample preparation by high-resolution ultra HPLC–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry is proposed. The matrix effect is considered on an example of waters with a high (mineral) and low (artesian) salt concentration. It is demonstrated that pesticides can be determined in water using the calibration curve method with an insignificant matrix effect (neonicotinoids, carbamates, and derivatives of uracil, pyridine, and benzoic and aryloxycarboxylic acids) and the standard addition method with a significant matrix effect (triazines, triazinones, triazoles, imidazoles, pyridazinones, organophosphorus compounds, and urea derivatives). The limits of detection were 0.01–10 ng/mL; the analytical ranges for pesticides were 0.04–50 (100) ng/mL. The relative standard deviation of the results does not exceed 15%; the analysis time is 10–15 min.     

液相色谱–原子荧光光谱法检测水产品中汞形态

建立了液相色谱–原子荧光光谱联用测定水产品中无机汞和甲基汞含量的方法。对影响测定结果的分析条件,如流动相组成、载流、还原剂、氧化剂、载气和屏蔽气进行了研究和优化,同时考察了该方法的有效性。结果表明:无机汞和甲基汞在质量浓度1~20 ng/m L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.999 4,0.999 1;检出限分别为0.19,0.17 ng/m L;色谱峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为3.16%,2.16%(n=7);加标回收率分别为74%~100%,71%~91%。该方法可用于水产品中汞元素的形态分析。     

热解析–气相色谱–质谱法测定汽车零部件及内饰材料中挥发性有机化合物

将待测材料直接放在热解析管中,用热脱附–气相色谱–质谱法对挥发性有机化合物的含量进行检测。经试验优化,热解析时间选择为30 min。在10~500μg/m L范围内,7种苯系物的质量浓度与对应色谱峰面积线性相关,相关系数为0.998 3~0.999 6。方法的加标回收率为80.3%~98.1%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.37%~5.42%(n=7)。该方法具有操作简便、提取效率高和全自动化等优点,适用于汽车零部件及内饰材料中挥发性有机化合物的检测。     

Development and validation of an LC‐MS/MS method for the determination of a novel thienoquinolin urea transporter inhibitor PU‐48 in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

A specific, sensitive and stable high‐performance liquid chromatographic–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of methyl 3‐amino‐6‐methoxythieno [2,3‐b]quinoline‐2‐carboxylate (PU‐48), a novel diuretic thienoquinolin urea transporter inhibitor in rat plasma. In this method, the chromatographic separation of PU‐48 was achieved with a reversed‐phase C₁₈ column (100 × 2.1 mm, 3 μm) at 35°C. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water with 0.05% formic acid added with a gradient elution at flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Samples were detected with the triple‐quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer with multiple reaction monitoring mode via electrospray ionization source in positive mode. The retention time were 6.2 min for PU‐48 and 7.2 min for megestrol acetate (internal standard, IS). The monitored ion transitions were mass‐to‐charge ratio (m/z) 289.1 → 229.2 for PU‐48 and m/z 385.3 → 267.1 for the internal standard. The calibration curve for PU‐48 was linear over the concentration range of 0.1–1000 ng/mL (r² > 0.99), and the lower limit of quantitation was 0.1 ng/mL. The precision, accuracy and stability of the method were validated adequately. The developed and validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of PU‐48 in rats.     

盘式固相萃取–超高效液相色谱–串联质谱法快速测定环境水样中3种微囊藻毒素

建立盘式固相萃取–超高效液相色谱–串联质谱(UPLC–MS–MS)快速测定环境水样中3种微囊藻毒素(MCs)的方法。环境水样经过盘式固相萃取柱净化,采用Waters BEH C_(18)色谱小柱,以乙腈–0.2%甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱分离后,UPLC–MS–MS多级监测正离子模式下外标法进行定性定量分析。3种微囊藻毒素在0.05~10.0μg/L范围内呈现良好线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999 4,方法检出限为0.02 ng/L。对同一环境样品进行0.1,1.0,5.0μg/L 3种浓度的加标回收试验,平均回收率为82.8%~108.8%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.1%~10.1%(n=6)。该方法快速、灵敏、准确,可有效应用于环境水样中微囊藻毒素的监测。     

高效液相色谱法定量分析奥曲肽

建立奥曲肽的高效液相色谱定量分析方法。色谱柱为Eclipse plus C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-0.25%高氯酸水溶液(体积比为30∶70),流量为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为210 nm,柱温为25℃。奥曲肽的质量浓度在4.38~219 μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积成良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9999,检出限为1.1 ng,定量限为2.19 ng。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.26%~0.46% (n=5),加标回收率为97.41%~100.26%。该方法简便、快速、准确,适用于奥曲肽原料药与制剂的定量分析。