可注射性骨组织工程支架材料不饱和聚磷酸酯的合成

以富马酸、1,2-丙二醇和三氯氧磷为起始原料,合成了主链重复结构单元中含不饱和双键的聚磷酸酯.FTIR及NMR研究表明.不饱和聚磷酸酯(UPPE)主链结构中含有富马酸二(1,2-丙二醇)酯(BPGF)的三种异构体.利用GPC研究了反应时间对聚合反应的影响,结果表明,延长反应时间有利于提高分子量,聚合物趋向于单分散性.反应18 h后,聚合物重均分子量达到5 956 g/mol,分散度为1.12.通过测定UPPE与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)的交联温度曲线,确定交联反应最高温度为41.14-82.30℃,固化时间在1.95-10.28 m in之间.     

基于1-(4-己氧)苯和2,4,6-三苯基-1,3,5-三嗪功能化芴单元的聚合物蓝光材料的合成与表征

以聚(9,9-二己烷芴)(1)和聚(9,9-二(1-(4-己氧)苯)芴)(2)作为参照物,通过Suzuki偶联反应合成了侧链9位碳含有4-己氧基苯和2,4,6-三苯基-1,3,5-三嗪单元的芴共聚物3.聚合物1,2和3固体粉末的5%质量热损失温度分别是274,318和401℃,玻璃化转变温度分别是91,120和139℃.聚合物1,2和3在甲苯溶液中的最大吸收峰和荧光发射峰分别在380和435 nm.从聚合物1到聚合物3,薄膜的荧光发射最大半峰宽逐渐降低.大体积刚性吸电子2,4,6-三苯基-1,3,5-三嗪基团的引入,使聚合物1,2和3的热稳定性、蓝光发射的色纯度和光谱稳定性逐渐提高,不同工作电压驱动下聚合物3稳定的电致发光光谱进一步证明了这一点.聚合物1,2和3的最高占有轨道能级分别为-5.72,-5.95和-5.96eV,最低未占有轨道能级分别为-2.70,-2.39和-2.43 eV.聚合物1,2和3的三线态能级分别为2.82,2.81和2.97 eV.聚合物1,2和3的单线态-三线态能级差分别是0.32,0.32和0.15 eV.4-己氧基苯的引入使聚合物的能隙变宽,而吸电子的2,4,6-三苯基-1,3,5-三嗪的引入使聚合物单线态-三线态能级差依次减少.聚合物1,2和3粉末均易于形成非晶薄膜.聚合物3粉末的有序性介于聚合物1和2之间,聚合物2侧链的烷氧基苯有助于提高固体粉末有序形态的多样化.综合结果表明,侧链含有刚性4-己氧基苯和2,4,6-三苯基-1,3,5-三嗪基团的无规共聚物3具有更佳的综合光电性质.     

酱油中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇检测能力验证

为了解国内实验室在3-氯-1,2一丙二醇检测领域的能力,中国国家认证认可监督管理委员会(CNCA)组织了酱油中3一氯一1,2-丙二醇检测能力验证活动,有19个省、市、自治区的34个实验室参加.测试结果满意的实验室占73.5%.     

二羟基丙酮磷酸酯的合成

本文报道由3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(1)经七步反应,合成二羟基丙酮磷酸酯缩乙酮(7)的方法,总收率43%。在温和条件下,7可以水解为游离的二羟基丙酮磷酸酯(8)。     

用DSC研究1,2-丙二醇及其水溶液的协同松弛行为

为了验证基于位形熵的非线性Adam-Gibbs协同松弛模型(AGV)能否用于描述小分子氢键液体的协同松弛行为, 利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测量了连续升降温条件下1,2-丙二醇及其四种水溶液在115～230 K之间的比热容, 利用曲线拟合技术获得AGV模型参数. 结果表明, AGV模型可以重现体系的实验比热容数据. 1,2-丙二醇表现出与其水溶液明显不同的松弛行为, 但水含量的变化对松弛行为的影响并不明显. 利用AGV方法和Johari方法分别对协同重排活化能(Δμ')和协同重排域(CRR)尺寸(z*)作了分析. 只有选择比聚合物大得多的某一协同重排位形数, 以AGV方法得到的z*才不至于没有物理意义. Johari方法的分析结果表明, T_g温度下1,2-丙二醇的CRR内有约3个分子, 但对应的协同重排位形数(W*)却较聚合物高出很多. Donth的基于热力学温度波动理论的分析表明, 1,2-丙二醇及其水溶液的CRR尺寸随组分的变化趋势可与Δμ'和非指数参数的分析结果相吻合, 但得到的1,2-丙二醇的CRR内有约350个分子, 从而和Johari的分析结果产生巨大差别.     

酶法合成3-氯-1,2-丙二醇棕榈酸二酯-D5的研究

以环氧氯丙烷-D_5为起始原料,经水解反应得到3-氯-1,2-丙二醇-D_5,然后和棕榈酰氯在固定化脂肪酶催化下得到稳定同位素标记的3-氯-1,2-丙二醇棕榈酸二酯-D_5。以消耗的环氧氯丙烷-D_5计算,3-氯-1,2-丙二醇棕榈酸二酯-D_5的总产率为52.4%。产品结构、纯度和氘同位素丰度经核磁共振波谱(NMR)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)和质谱(MS)等仪器表征确定,3-氯-1,2-丙二醇棕榈酸二酯-D_5的色谱纯度和氘同位素丰度均高于99.0%。该化合物可以作为稳定同位素内标试剂,用于油脂中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇棕榈酸二酯的含量检测。     

高分子药物研究——ⅪⅤ.含核酸碱基和氮芥的聚磷酸酯的合成及其抗肿瘤活性初步研究

本文通过缩聚反应,合成了十二种新的含5-氟尿嘧啶、尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和氮芥的聚磷酸酯。部分聚合物抗动物肿瘤试验结果表明,既含氮芥又含5-氟尿嘧啶的聚磷酸酯具有较好的抗癌活性,对小鼠艾氏腹水癌的抑制率可达60％。初步研究了这类聚合物组成与抗肿瘤活性的关系。     

介孔分子筛MCM-41负载磷钨酸催化合成香兰素1,2-丙二醇缩醛

以香兰素和1,2-丙二醇为原料,以介孔分子筛MCM-41负载磷钨酸为催化剂,环己烷为带水剂,合成了香兰素1,2-丙二醇缩醛.考察了醛醇物质的量比、反应时间、带水剂用量、催化剂用量及负载量对产率的影响.实验表明,介孔分子筛MCM-41负载磷钨酸是合成香兰素1,2-丙二醇缩醛的理想催化剂,较优反应条件为:n(香兰素)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1∶2.4,负载量为50%,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的2.0%,带水剂环己烷15mL,回流反应2.0h,香兰素1,2-丙二醇缩醛的收率达92%以上.     

衍生化气相色谱法检测3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇

冰水冷却下将3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇加入到衍生化试剂三氟乙酸酐中,充分振荡,50℃反应30min,冷至室温后直接进气相色谱检测,面积归一法定量。在选定的实验条件下,加标回收率大于99%,测定峰面积的相对标准偏差为0.6%。该方法也可应用于3-氯-1,2-丙二醇、2-氨基-1,3-丙二醇、1,3-二氨基-2-丙醇等其它高粘度物质的检测。     

固体氧化物催化剂酸碱性质对 1,2-丙二醇转化反应的影响

 采用 X 射线衍射、热重、NH3 程序升温脱附、CO2 程序升温脱附等手段研究了 Al2O3, MgO, CaO 和 KNO3 改性 MgO 催化剂的结构和酸碱性质, 并在固定床反应装置上考察了上述催化剂气相催化转化 1,2-丙二醇反应性能. 结果表明, 催化剂表面的酸碱性对 1,2-丙二醇气相转化反应的产物分布有显著影响. Al2O3 催化剂上的产物以丙醛和丙酮为主; MgO 催化剂上的主要产物为丙酮醇; CaO 催化剂上丙酮和丙烯醇选择性相对较高; KNO3 改性 MgO 催化剂上环氧丙烷选择性显著升高. 结合不同催化剂酸碱性质及其反应结果, 提出了 1,2-丙二醇气相转化的 6 个主要反应途径, 明确了各反应途径与催化剂酸碱性质的关系.     

Synthesis and characterization of benzocyclobuten-4-yl acrylate monomer and its radical polymerization

<正>A benzocyclobuten-4-yl acrylate(1) monomer was prepared by esterification of 4-hydroxybenzocyclobutene with acryloyl chloride.The radical homopolymerization of 1 and copolymerization of 1 with styrene or n-butyl acrylate were carried out to produce linear polymers 2a,2b and 2c.Heating of these linear polymers under thermal initiation gave corresponding cross-linked polymers 3a,3b and 3c.The ring-opening reaction in the cross-linking process was confirmed by on-line infrared spectra.Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the glass transition temperatures of linear polymers 2a and 2b were 83.2℃and 68.1℃,respectively.Thermogravimetric analysis of the cross-linked polymers showed that they all exhibited good thermal stability.     

用后功能化方法合成含吲哚二阶非线性光学发色团侧基的高分子

用后功能化方法合成了两类连有吲哚二阶非线性光学发色团侧基的高分子.通过核磁、红外、紫外-可见、示差扫描量热分析、分子量测定等手段对所得高分子进行了鉴定.此合成方法简便易行,易于产物的分离提纯,为二阶非线性光学材料的合成提供了一种新方法.     

Alkali cation binding of polymers with different sized crown ethers and photodimerizable units

The polymers which have different sized crown ethers as alkali cation binding sites and photodimerizable cinnamoyl units were prepared by the cationic copolymerization of corresponding monomers. The crown–cation complexation ratio (1:1 or 2:1) was investigated by measuring quantum yields ? of the photodimerization of the crown-connected cinnamoyl units in the presence of alkali metal chlorides and also by measuring the shift of λ_max of alkali metal picrates in THF on addition of the crown polymers. A significant 1:2 complex formation of alkali cations with two different sized crown ether units in the side chain of the polymers was confirmed. The alkali metal cation binding ability and selectivity of the polymers, which were studied by a method of picrate salts extraction, were markedly different from those expected from the combination of polymers of same ring-size crown ether units. When irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light, the cinnamic acid ester groups of the polymers caused dimerization even in dilute solutions. The cation binding ability of the polymers was largely enhanced by the photodimerization of the cinnamoyl moieties with suitable template cations.     

基于吡咯并吡咯二酮和苯并噻二唑聚合物的合成及其近红外电致变色性能

给-受体型窄带隙聚合物是一类新型可见-近红外电致变色材料,虽然可调性强、颜色丰富,但是其电致变色性能如对比度、稳定性等需要进一步提高。 通过调节聚合物中构筑单元吡咯并吡咯二酮(DPP)、苯并噻二唑(BTZ)和噻吩(T)的比例(n(DPP):n(BTZ):n(T)分别为1:0:1、1.5:0.5:1、2:1:1和3:2:1),合成了4种新型窄带隙电致变色聚合物,研究聚合物结构和电致变色性能的关系。 研究发现,这类聚合物在近红外光谱区具有较高的对比度(ΔT:50%60%)和变色效率(CE:300600 cm²/C),尤其是在1550 nm处,聚合物P3的ΔT高达63%、P4的CE高达471 cm²/C。 相比之下,含有BTZ基团的聚合物的吸收更长、对比度更高且更稳定。 这为设计给-受体型高性能电致变色聚合物提供了新的思路。     

Preparation and characterization of the soluble NLO polyarylates with enhanced electro-optic properties

Three novel nonlinear optical polyarylate polymers were prepared containing one main-chain polymer (mPAR-chr1) and two side-chain polymers (sPAR-chr1, sPAR-chr2) with different kinds of chromophores. The obtained polymers were characterized and evaluated by UV-Vis, ¹H NMR, DSC and TGA. All the polymers exhibited excellent thermal stability, film forming ability and good electro-optic (EO) activity. The relationship between EO coefficients (r ₃₃) and the chromophore concentration of the three polymers had been also characterized and discussed. There were no obvious differences found in EO activity between main-chain and side-chain polyarylates with the same chromophore (chr1). Due to the stronger electron-withdrawing tricyanopyrroline acceptor and the steric effect of the large dendritic groups of chromophore 2 (chr2), polymer sPAR-chr2 showed the largest EO cofficients (64 pm V^?1) in these new polymers.     

主链含氨基酸、5-氟尿嘧啶、氮芥的聚磷酰胺和聚磷酸酯的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

由1,3-双(氨基酸丙酯盐酸盐)-5-氟尿嘧啶与双(2-氯乙基)氨基磷酰二氯在DMF中反应得到十种含氨基酸、氮芥和5-氟尿嘧啶啶三组分的聚合物。通过核磁、红外和紫外以及元素分析测定了聚合物的结构。试验了聚合物的体外抗肿瘤活性。     

Photo and electrically switchable behavior of azobenzene containing pendant bent‐core liquid crystalline polymers

New class of photo and electrically switchable azobenzene containing pendant bent‐core liquid crystalline monomers ( AZBM 1, 2 , and 3 ) and their polymers ( AZBP 1, 2 , and 3 ) are reported. The synthesized precursors, monomers, and polymers were characterized by FT‐IR, ¹H, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Thermal stability of polymers was examined by thermogravimetric analysis and revealed stable up to 260 °C. The mesophase transition of monomers and polymers are observed through polarized optical microscopy (POM) and further confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The electrically switching property of monomers and their polymers were studied by electro‐optical method. Among the three monomers AZBM 1, 2 , and 3 , AZBM 1 and 2 exhibit antiferroelectric (AF) switching and AZBM 3 exhibits ferroelectric (F) switching behavior. On the other hand, low molecular weight polymers ( AZMP 1, 2 , and 3 ) show weak AF and F switching behavior. The photo‐switching properties of bent‐core azo polymers are investigated using UV‐vis spectroscopy, trans to cis isomerization occurs around 25 s for AZBP‐1 and 30 s for AZBP‐2 and 3 in chloroform, whereas reverse processes take place around 80 and 90 s. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013     

Synthesis of poly(vinylene-arsine)s: alternating radical copolymerization of arsenic atomic biradical equivalent and phenylacetylene

Novel organoarsenic polymers, poly(vinylene-arsine)s, were synthesized by a free-radical alternating copolymerization of phenylacetylene with cyclooligoarsines as an atomic biradical equivalent. The polymerization between pentamethylpentacycloarsine (1a) or hexaphenylhexacycloarsine (1b) with phenylacetylene (2) in the presence of a catalytic amount of AIBN (in benzene; refluxing; for 12 h) gave the corresponding poly(vinylene-arsine)s. The obtained polymers were soluble in common organic solvents such as THF, chloroform, and benzene. From gel permeation chromatographic analysis (chloroform, PSt standards), the number-average molecular weights of the polymers from 1a and 1b were found to be 11500 and 3900, respectively. The structures of the polymers were supported by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies. The corresponding polymer was also obtained by irradiation of a benzene solution of 1a and 2 with xenon lamp at room temperature. After the polymer from 1a was stirred vigorously with 30% H2O2, the 1H NMR spectrum of the polymer showed the methyl proton that was assigned to As(III)-Me, suggesting the insensitivity of the trivalent state arsenic in the main chain to the oxidation. The structures and the molecular weights of the polymers were insensitive to the feed ratio of the monomers. This result indicates that the addition of the arsenic radical to phenylacetylene was a rate-determining step in the copolymerization.     

Linear polymers of acrylic monomers containing an acetylenic moiety

1-Acryloxy-2-butyne and 1-methacryloxy-2-butyne were synthesized and polymerized by means of anionic initiators to soluble linear polymers containing acetylenic bonds in the pendant side chains. In contrast, insoluble, crosslinked polymers were formed when cationic and radical initiators were used. The unpolymerized acetylenic bonds in the resulting linear polymers were shown to be present by infrared spectroscopic methods and by the following post-reactions of these bonds: (1) the thermal- and radical-initiated crosslinking of the linear polymers through the acetylenic bonds; (2) the post-bromination of the acetylenic bonds; and (3) the reaction of decaborane with the acetylenic bonds. The anionic copolymerization of both monomers with a number of selected monomers was performed and the copolymer reactivity ratios for several of the comonomer pairs were determined. Dibromination of the linear polymers affords self-extinguishing polymers with apparently good hydrolytic stability. Decarbonation of the linear polymers yields soluble polymers which do not soften up to 300°C. The linear polymers and copolymers, as well as their partially brominated and partially decaboronated products, may be classified as “self-reactive” polymers which yield thermosetting polymers.