荧光法测定镧原子高激发态的超精细结构

在Ｌａ空心阴极灯中，用荧光法测定了二级跃迁（１６８５６ｃｍ＾－１→３４２７２ｃｍ＾－１），（２００８２ｃｍ＾－１→２６８５３ｃｍ＾－１）和（２００８２ｃｍ＾－１→３７５４４ｃｍ＾－１）的超精细结构光谱，得到了３４２７２ｃｍ＾－１，３６８５３ｃｍ＾－１和３７５４４ｃｍ＾－１能级的Ａ常数，这些镧原子高激发态超精细结构数据是首次报道。     

A Pre－lasing Reliable Dynamic Filter Single－longitudinal－mode Q－switched Laser

ＡＰｒｅ－ｌａｓｉｎｇＲｅｌｉａｂｌｅＤｙｎａｍｉｃＦｉｌｔｅｒＳｉｎｇｌｅ－ｌｏｎｇｉｔｕｄｉｎａｌ－ｍｏｄｅＱ－ｓｗｉｔｃｈｅｄＬａｓｅｒＣＨＥＮＣｈａｎｇｍｉｎ（ＤｅｃａｎｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃａｎｄＩｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎＴｅｃｈｎ...     

含R2dtc配体和V=O基的金属簇红外光谱研究

本文报道两类含Ｒ２ｄｔｃ配体的金属簇的红外光谱特点及某些规律,含Ｒ２ｄｔｃ的立方簇合物在４００－５００ｃｍ＾－１有较宽而弱的吸收,可归结于Ｍ－μ３Ｓ振动。Ｍ－Ｓｄｔｃ在３３０－３８０ｃｍ＾－１,Ｃ－Ｎ振动在１４７０－１５１０ｃｍ＾－１。二甲基ｄｔｃ配体立方的ｖ（Ｃ－Ｎ）与ｖ（Ｃ＝Ｓ）比值他二烷基ｄｔｃ立方烷的相应振动分别蓝移和红移,可归结于甲基超共轭效应所致。「Ｖ２Ｃｕ２Ｓ４（Ｒ２ｄｔｃ）２（ＰｈＳ）２」＾２－和「ＶＣｕ４Ｓ４（Ｒ２ｄｔｃ）ｎ（ＰｈＳ）４－ｎ」＾３－（ｎ＝０,１,２）的Ｍ－μ３Ｓ振动分别出现在４８０和４６５ｃｍ＾－１,可作为区别两类化合物的一个指标。另一类含（Ｒ２ｄｔｃ）２Ｖ２Ｏ２（μ－Ｓ）２单元的金属簇中,Ｖ－Ｏ伸缩频率在８４４－９７０ｃｍ＾－１范围内,（Ｅｔ４Ｎ）「Ｖ２Ｓ２Ｏ３（Ｅｔ２ｄｔｃ     

The Research of Scattering Cross-Section and Energy-Extraction in FEL

ＴｈｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｆＳｃａｔｔｅｒｉｎｇＣｒｏｓｓ－ＳｅｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄＥｎｅｒｇｙ－ＥｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎｉｎＦＥＬＴｈｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｆＳｃａｔｔｅｒｉｎｇＣｒｏｓｓ－ＳｅｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄＥｎｅｒｇｙ－ＥｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎｉｎＦＥＬ￥ＺＨ...     

Time－dependentTheoryofRamanScatteringwithPulses－－ApplicationtoContinuumRamanSpectroscopy

Ｔｉｍｅ－ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔＴｈｅｏｒｙｏｆＲａｍａｎＳｃａｔｔｅｒｉｎｇｗｉｔｈＰｕｌｓｅｓ－－ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｔｏＣｏｎｔｉｎｕｕｍＲａｍａｎＳｐｅｃｔｒｏｓｃｏｐｙＳｏｏ－Ｙ．Ｌｅｅ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，Ｆａｃｕｌ...     

Analytic Subject Index to Volume B3, (1994)

Ａｎａｌｙｔｉｃ Ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔ Ｉｎｄｅｘ ｔｏ Ｖｏｌｕｍｅ Ｂ３，（１９９４）ＬＡＳＥＲＤＥＶＩＣＥＳＮｏ．Ｐａｇｅ　Ｖｅｒｔｉｃａｌ－－ｃａｖｉｔｙｓｕｒｆａｃｅ－－ｅｍｉｔｔｉｎｇｌａｓｅｒｓｆａｂｒａｃａｔｅｄｔｗｉｃｅｂｙｉｍｐｌａｎｔ...     

环糊精胺衍生物—Cu^2＋—苯甲酸三元配合物的园二色性研究

用ＪＡＳＣＯ Ｊ－２０Ｃ自动记录旋光仪测定了β－ｃｙｃｌｏｄｅｘｔｒｉｎｄｉｅｎ，β－ｃｙｃｌｏｄｅｘｔｒｉｎｄｉｅｎ－Ｃｕ＾２＋配合物，β－ｃｙｃｌｏｄｅｘｔｒｉｎｄｉｅｎ－苯甲酸配合物及β－ｃｙｃｌｏｄｅｘｔｒｉｎｄｉｅｎ－Ｃｕ＾２＋－苯甲酸三元配合物的园二色谱，并利用Ｃｕ＾２＋配合物及苯甲酸的轨道能级顺序对谱带进行了归属。并根据Ｃｕ＾２＋配合物的结构特征及ＫＡＪＡＲＴ扇形规则确定了配合物的结     

红外光谱法动态跟踪聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHAs)的热变性过程

本文利用ＦＴＩＲ光谱法研究了常温下和升温、降温过程中ＰＨＢ,Ｐ（ＨＯ－ｃｏ－ＨＤ）及不同组分的Ｐ（ＨＢ－ｃｏ－ＨＶ）和Ｐ（ＨＢ－ｃｏ－ＨＨ）共聚物的变化。结果表明,ＰＨＢ、Ｐ（ＨＢ－ｃｏ－ＨＶ）和Ｐ（ＨＢ－ｃｏ－ＨＨ）在变温过程中红外光谱图发生了明显变化,此过程是物理变化,且过程可逆。     

血细胞的显微光谱研究

对人血涂片在１２０００ｃｍ－１～２００００ｃｍ－１范围内做了显微光谱。结果表明，红细胞在１３７７４ｃｍ－１附近有一强透射峰，在１７６６８ｃｍ－１处有一弱峰；白细胞仅在１３５５０ｃｍ－１处有一强透射峰。白血病白细胞峰强度比正常血象的强。     

Beam－foil Spectra of Doubly Excited Fourelectron Quintet States for N Ⅳ－Mg Ⅸ

Ｂｅａｍ－ｆｏｉｌ　Ｓｐｅｃｔｒａ　ｏｆ　Ｄｏｕｂｌｙ　Ｅｘｃｉｔｅｄ　Ｆｏｕｒｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎ　Ｑｕｉｎｔｅｔ　Ｓｔａｔｅｓ　ｆｏｒ　Ｎ　Ⅳ－Ｍｇ　ⅨＢｅａｍ－ｆｏｉｌＳｐｅｃｔｒａｏｆＤｏｕｂｌｙＥｘｃｉｔｅｄＦｏｕｒｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎＱｕｉｎｔｅ...     

The variation of defect damage with depth in molybdenum irradiated with 2MeV nitrogen ions

Transmission electron microscopy has been used to examine the damage produced in specimens of high purity molybdenum following irradiation with 2 MeV nitrogen ions in the Van de Graaff accelerator. A simple electropolishing technique was developed to allow the defect damage to be examined at different depths on a single specimen. Some results are presented here for specimens irradiated in the range 600–800°C, together with theoretical predictions of the nitrogen range and the variation of displacement damage with range, The experimental results show that the defect damage to the lattice results in a structure of dislocation loops, interstitial in nature, whose size drops with distance from the bombarded surface and whose concentration increases. Nevertheless the retained defect damage, measured by integrated loop area, agrees reasonably with the theoretical variation of displacement damage with range while the increase in loop concentration with depth coincides with the variation in ratio of nitrogen concentration to displacement damage. This latter result agrees with the hypothesis that the nucleation of damage is controlled to a large extent by the ratio of impurity atoms to displaced atoms.     

二维Janus结构的PdSSe/石墨烯接触特性的第一性原理探究

Janus结构由于其两侧的原子不同,存在一个内建电场.在本工作中,将具有Janus结构的六角PdSSe与石墨烯复合,构成范德瓦尔斯异质结构.通过基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算对其几何结构和电子结构进行了研究.计算中考虑了两种堆叠方式,即Se侧与石墨烯接触和S侧与石墨烯接触.当S侧与石墨烯接触时,体系具有更小的平衡间距和更大的电荷转移,结合能更低. S侧与石墨烯接触时形成了为n型欧姆接触;Se侧与石墨烯接触时形成了势垒极低的n型肖特基接触.最后,讨论了垂直应变对接触特性的影响.通过施加垂直应变,PdSSe/石墨烯的接触类型具有显著的可调性.     

Anatomical Increased/Decreased Changes in the Brain Area Following Individuals with Chronic Traumatic Complete Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate anatomical changes in the brain following chronic complete traumatic thoracic spinal cord injury (ThSCI) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). That is, it attempted to examine dynamic physical change following thoracic injury and the presence or absence of regions with decreased and increased changes in whole brain volume associated with change in the manner of how activities of daily living are performed. Methods: Twelve individuals with chronic traumatic complete ThSCI (age; 21-63 years, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale; grade C-D) participated in this study. VBM was used to investigate the regions with increased volume and decreased volume in the brain in comparison with healthy control individuals. Results: Decreases in volume were noted in areas associated with motor and somatosensory functions, including the right paracentral lobule (PCL)―the primary motor sensory area for lower limbs, left dorsal premotor cortex, and left superior parietal lobule (SPL). Furthermore, increased gray matter volume was noted in the primary sensorimotor area for fingers and arms, as well as in higher sensory areas. Conclusions: Following SCI both regions with increased volume and regions with decreased volume were present in the brain in accordance with changes in physical function. Using longitudinal observation, anatomical changes in the brain may be used to determine the rehabilitation effect by comparing present cases with cases with cervical SCI or cases with incomplete palsy.     

超薄GaMnAs外延膜空穴浓度和应变弛豫研究

稀磁GaMnAs外延膜中的Mn含量会影响外延膜的空穴浓度和应变弛豫.Raman散射研究表明,Mn含量为3%的超薄GaMnAs样品的空穴浓度大于2%样品,4%样品的空穴浓度小于3%样品.应变弛豫理论和高分辨X射线衍射研究表明,Mn含量为2%和3%的超薄GaMnAs外延层分别处于准共格或低弛豫状态,Mn含量为4%的GaMnAs外延层的弛豫度明显大于3%样品的弛豫度.我们认为,准共格或低弛豫度状态对空穴浓度随Mn含量的变化趋势几乎没有影响,较大弛豫度的应变状态将导致样品外延层产生较多缺陷,影响能带结构和能级,引起空穴浓度异常减小. 关键词： 空穴浓度 应变弛豫 倒易空间图 准共格     

Environment-induced decoherence I. The Stern-Gerlach measurement

A dynamical model for the collapse of the wave function in a quantum measurement process is proposed by considering the interaction of a quantum system (spin -1/2) with a macroscopic quantum apparatus interacting with an environment in a dissipative manner. The dissipative interaction leads to decoherence in the superposition states of the apparatus, making its behaviour classical in the sense that the density matrix becomes diagonal with time. Since the apparatus is also interacting with the system, the probabilities of the diagonal density matrix are determined by the state vector of the system. We consider a Stern-Gerlach type model, where a spin-1/2 particle is in an inhomogeneous magnetic field, the whole set up being in contact with a large environment. Here we find that the density matrix of the combined system and apparatus becomes diagonal and the momentum of the particle becomes correlated with a spin operator, selected by the choice of the system-apparatus interaction. This allows for a measurement of spin via a momentum measurement on the particle with associated probabilities in accordance with quantum principles.     

Effects of confinement on static and dynamical properties of water

Molecular-dynamics results on water confined in a silica pore are reviewed and discussed in connection with experiments performed on water in Vycor and with studies of water in contact with proteins. The properties of confined water are studied as a function of both temperature and hydration level. The interaction of water in the film close to the substrate with the silica atoms induces a strong distortion of the hydrogen bond network. At high hydration levels a double dynamical regime is observed. At low hydration an anomalous diffusion is found upon supercooling with a transition from a Brownian to a non-Brownian regime on approaching the substrate in agreement with results found in studies of water in contact with globular proteins.Received: 1 January 2003, Published online: 14 October 2003PACS: 61.20.-p Structure of liquids - 61.20.Ja Computer simulation of liquid structure     

采用铜铝复合管的翅片管换热器性能试验研究

针对铜铝复合管(ACC管)在空调用翅片管换热器中替代铜管应用进行了试验研究。分别对Ф7.94mm型管的全铜管、过冷段铜铝复合管、全铜铝复合管三种换热器进行了性能比较和成本分析。研究结果表明,在风速和风量不变的情况下,过冷段铜铝复合管换热器能力为8634.22W,高于全铜铝复合管的换热器的8389.36W,低于全铜管换热器的8989.07W。制冷剂侧能力测试中,过冷段铜铝复合管换热器平均值为8.885kW,与全铜铝复合管换热器平均值8.775kW相比高1.24%,与全铜管换热器平均值9.101kW相比低2.37%,与能力测试结果基本一致。与原换热器铜管相比,在相同条件下,铜铝复合管可以降低管材成本29.5%。综上所述,过冷段采用铜铝复合管的换热器能够取代铜管换热器应用在空调中,在不影响其换热性能的基础上,降低成本效果明显。     

多辊轧机冷轧技术在靶材料制备中的应用

 叙述了多辊轧机轧制金属薄膜原理，以Ti膜制备为例，借助多辊轧机冷轧技术进行1.5 μm厚钛薄带的制备工艺研究。对薄膜的特性测试结果表明：工作辊的表面粗糙度对于轧制薄膜的表面粗糙度的影响很大，降低工作辊表面的粗糙度可以得到粗糙度为25.2 nm的金属薄膜。     

Enhancing signal to noise ratio by fine-tuning tapers of cladded/uncladded buffer rods in ultrasonic time domain reflectometry in smelters

Buffer rods (BR) as waveguides in ultrasonic time domain reflectometry (TDR) can somewhat extend the range of industrial applications of ultrasonics. Level, temperature and flow measurements involving elevated temperatures, corrosive fluids and generally harsh environments are some of the applications in which conventional ultrasonic transducers cannot be used directly in contact with the media. In such cases, BRs with some design modifications can make ultrasonic TDR measurements possible with limited success. This paper deals with TDR in conjunction with distance measurements in extremely hot fluids, using conventional ultrasonic transducers in combination with BRs. When using BRs in the ultrasonic measurement systems in extreme temperatures, problems associated with size and the material of the buffer, have to be addressed. The resonant frequency of the transducer and the relative size of the transducer with respect to the diameter of BR are also important parameters influencing the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the signal processing system used in the ultrasonic TDR. This paper gives an overview of design aspects related to the BRs with special emphasis on tapers and cladding used on BRs. As protective cladding, zirconium oxide–yttrium oxide composite was used, with its proven thermal stability in withstanding temperatures in rocket and jet engines up to 1650 °C. In general a BR should guide the signals through to the medium and from and back to the transducer without excessive attenuation and at the same time not exacerbate the noise in the measurement system. The SNR is the decisive performance indicator to consider in the design of BR based ultrasonic TDR, along with appropriate transducer, with suitable size and operating frequency. This work presents and analyses results from extensive experiments related to fine-tuning both geometry of and signals in cladded/uncladded BRs used in high temperature ultrasonic TDR with focus on overall performance based on measured values of SNR.     

精确的量子化条件和不变量

提出并证明了一维量子系统和三维球对称量子系统的一个精确的量子化条件.在此精确量子化条件中, 除了通常的Nπ项外, 还有一积分项, 称为修正项. 发现该修正项正是在超对称量子力学中所谓的有形状不变势的量子系统的一个不变量，它不依赖于波函数的节点数.对这些系统, 可用基态能级和波函数确定此不变量的值, 从而由精确的量子化条件容易算出全部束缚态的能级. 计算得到能级的正确性又反过来验证了在有形状不变势的量子系统中此修正项确实是不变量.计算的有形状不变势的量子系统, 包括一维的有限方势阱、Morse势及其变形、R 关键词： 量子化条件 超对称量子力学 形状不变势 不变量