荧光分光光度法测定氨基糖苷类药物的研究

氨基糖苷类药物如庆大霉素、小诺霉素、阿米卡星、卡那霉素本身有微弱荧光,在与邻苯二甲醛、2-巯基乙醇、曲拉通X-100作用后生成一种具有强荧光的衍生物。此衍生物在硼酸氯化钾缓冲溶液中最大激发波长和发射波长分别为340 nm和440 nm,在4.0×10-7mol/L~4.0×10-6mol/L浓度范围内,4种药物衍生物的荧光强度与浓度呈现良好的线性关系。回归方程的相关系数均大于0.9990,标出度均小于0.04μg/mL对实际样品进行了测定。     

荧光光谱法测定饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝北大核心CSCD

采用荧光光谱法测定饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝。样品经柠檬酸溶液调节酸度至pH 6.0,用聚酰胺粉吸附待测物,解析后,以320nm为激发波长、425nm为发射波长测定苋菜红,以382nm为激发波长、445nm为发射波长测定亮蓝,苋菜红和亮蓝的浓度分别在2.5×10-6~2.50×10-5 mol·L-1,5.0×10-6~5.00×10-5 mol·L-1范围内与其荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限(3s)分别为2.0×10-7 mol·L-1和1.0×10-6 mol·L-1。本法用于测定市售饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝,加标回收率在102%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差均小于5%。     

荧光光谱法测定饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝

采用荧光光谱法测定饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝。样品经柠檬酸溶液调节酸度至pH 6.0,用聚酰胺粉吸附待测物,解析后,以320nm为激发波长、425nm为发射波长测定苋菜红,以382nm为激发波长、445nm为发射波长测定亮蓝,苋菜红和亮蓝的浓度分别在2.5×10-6~2.50×10-5 mol·L-1,5.0×10-6~5.00×10-5 mol·L-1范围内与其荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限(3s)分别为2.0×10-7 mol·L-1和1.0×10-6 mol·L-1。本法用于测定市售饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝,加标回收率在102%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差均小于5%。     

双发射碳量子点的一步合成及其用于卡托普利比率测定的研究

以间苯二胺(MPD)为唯一碳源，在乙酸存在条件下，一步水热法合成了新型双发射碳量子点(m-CQDs)。在305 nm波长激发下，m-CQDs于345 nm与511 nm波长处具有独立的双发射峰。在对m-CQDs结构表征和发光性能研究的基础上，实验发现，加入KMnO₄可使m-CQDs双发射峰中345 nm波长处荧光猝灭，其后再加入卡托普利(CAP),可使345 nm波长处猝灭后的荧光信号重新线性恢复，而511 nm波长处荧光信号基本不变。据此，以m-CQDs 345 nm波长峰强度为荧光响应信号，511 nm波长峰强度为参比信号，基于该m-CQDs探针直接形成“响应-参比”信号，可构建用于CAP测定的“猝灭-恢复”比率型荧光探针。该探针对CAP检出限为5.2×10^-8 mol/L,CAP浓度在8.0×10^-8 mol/L～1.0×10^-5 mol/L范围内，与荧光信号比值F₃₄₅/F₅₁₁呈良好线性关系。通过比对紫外-可见吸收光谱和不同温度对猝灭常数的影响，...     

1,3,5,7-四甲基-2,6-二乙酯基-8-(3’,4’-二氨苯基)-二氟化硼-二吡咯甲烷荧光光度法灵敏测定血液中亚硝基硫醇

S-亚硝基硫醇在生物体内具有传递信号、改变蛋白质的结构和功能、阻止有害物质对细胞的伤害等重要的生理作用.建立了一种灵敏、简单的应用荧光探针1,3,5,7-四甲基-2,6-二乙酯基-8-(3',4'-二氨苯基)-二氟化硼-二吡咯甲烷标记并测定S-亚硝基硫醇的荧光光度法:在1.0×10-4mol/L Hg2+存在下,荧光探针与S-亚硝基硫醇在30℃反应15min生成衍生物,在激发和发射波长分别为500nm和510nm处测定其荧光强度.荧光强度和S-亚硝基硫醇的浓度在(8.0～800.0)×10-9mol/L范围内成良好的线性关系.当信噪比等于3时,方法的检出限为6.0×10-10mol/L.该方法对健康人与心血管疾病患者血液中S-亚硝基硫醇的测定的加标回收率为97.46%～103.10%.     

荧光光度法测定槐花中槲皮素

研究了基于槲皮素和铝的络合反应来测定槲皮素的荧光光度法,试验结果表明:铝与槲皮素的配合物在pH 9.15的BR缓冲溶液中进一步与BO3-3形成三元体系,在452 nm激发波长下,于516 nm发射波长处测定其荧光强度,槲皮素浓度在1.0×10-7～6.0×10-6mol·L-1范围内配合物的荧光强度与槲皮素的浓度呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为2.1×10-7mol·L-1.该方法用于槐花提取物中槲皮素的测定,并以实样为基体用标准加入法做了回收试验,测得回收率在101.5%～112.5%之间.     

高效液相色谱法测定海水中游离态腐胺、亚精胺和精胺

使用高效液相色谱法测定海水中3种游离态多胺(腐胺、亚精胺和精胺).海水样品经 HClO4溶液酸化,丹磺酰氯衍生化,ODS色谱柱(150 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm)分离,以0.1 mol/L乙酸铵和乙腈为流动相梯度淋洗,流速为1.0 mL/min,荧光检测(激发波长:340 nm;发射波长:515 nm).本实验中腐胺、亚精胺和精胺的检出限(S/N=3)分别为9.6×10-11, 2.8×10-10和1.0×10-10mol/L.在1×10-9～1×10-7mol/L范围内,3种多胺的浓度和荧光信号值均呈良好的线性关系(R>0.99).海水样品添加浓度在5×10-9, 1×10-8, 2.5×10-8和5×10-8 mol/L的回收率为84.9%～110.9%;衍生方法的相对标准偏差<3.6%,本方法中多胺衍生物不需要用有机溶剂萃取,衍生后可直接进样分析,避免了萃取过程中多胺的损失,极大地提高了分析速度.本方法具有选择性高,样品用量少,灵敏度好等特点,适合海水中游离态腐胺、亚精胺和精胺的痕量分析.     

荧光光度法测定山竹黄酮混合物中γ-山竹黄酮

研究了α-和γ-山竹黄酮的光谱性质,建立了测定山竹黄酮混合物中γ-山竹黄酮的荧光光度法。配制一系列浓度的α-山竹黄酮、γ-山竹黄酮及其混合物溶液,分别测定其紫外吸收光谱及荧光光谱。结果表明:α-和γ-山竹黄酮的紫外光谱较为相近,其最大吸收波长分别为317 nm和308 nm。而其荧光光谱有明显的差别,α-山竹黄酮无荧光性质,γ-山竹黄酮在436 nm处有较强荧光。γ-山竹黄酮的荧光强度与其浓度在1.0×10-6~6.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9975,方法的检出限为4.7×10-7mol/L。将荧光法的测定结果与高效液相色谱法(HPLC)进行了比较,二者有良好的一致性。     

荧光分光光度法测定药物制剂中维生素K3

维生素K3(Vitamin K3,VK3)是一种油溶性化合物,不发荧光。在酸性条件下,VK3可被TiCl3还原为具有荧光的甲萘酚,据此建立了一种测定药物制剂中VK3含量的荧光分光光度法新方法。实验选定甲萘酚的激发波长和发射波长分别为330nm和444 nm。该法荧光强度与VK3的浓度在8.0×10-7~1.6×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,R=0.9987,检出限为8.45×10-9mol/L,回收率为98.6%~102.3%。方法用于市售VK3注射液的测定,结果令人满意。     

基于CdTe量子点内滤效应同步荧光猝灭法测定四环素

以巯基丙酸作为稳定剂制备CdTe量子点,发现CdTe量子点的激发光谱与四环素的吸收光谱有较好重叠,满足发生内滤效应的条件。据此以四环素为吸光体、CdTe量子点为荧光体构建内滤效应荧光传感体系,从而建立一种测定四环素含量的同步荧光猝灭法。实验结果表明,当固定波长差为220 nm时,CdTe量子点的同步荧光最大发射波长为297 nm。在最佳实验条件下,四环素浓度在1.0×10-6~1.0×10-5mol·L-1范围内与体系同步荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数和检出限分别为0.999和2.5×10-8mol·L-1。该方法灵敏度高、选择性好,应用于牛奶样品中四环素的检测,加标回收率为97.0%~104.3%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.