流动注射分光光度法测定碘酸钾碘盐中碘

基于碘酸根离子在弱酸性条件下能与碘化钾-淀粉溶液生成蓝色络合物的原理提出了一种流动注射分光光度法测定碘酸钾碘盐中碘含量的方法.方法线性范围广(0～1.4μg·ml~(-1)),适用于加碘盐50倍稀释液的测定,检出限为0.03μg·ml~(-1)(对应于加碘盐1.5μg·g~(-1)).对于测定0.2,0.6和1.0μg·ml~(-1)浓度的相对标准偏差分别为1.85%,1.14%和0.34%(n=5),分析频率为120样品·h~(-1),特别适用于大批量样品的测定.     

二安替比林—（3,4）—二甲氧基苯基甲烷与铈显色反应的研究及应用

二安替比林芳香族甲烷衍生物被高价金属离子氧化而显深色,因此能用作这类离子的显色剂.我们曾合成过一系列的二安替比林芳香族甲烷衍生物,并广泛用于钒,铬,铈的测定.在此基础上我们研究了二安替比林-(3,4)-二甲氧基苯基甲烷(DADMPM)与Ce(Ⅳ)的显色反应条件及应用,用于镁合金中痕量铈的测定,体系灵敏度高,稳定性好,结果满意.1 试验部分1.1 主要仪器与试剂722型分光光度计铈标准溶液:用优级纯硫酸铈按常规方法配成含Ce(Ⅳ)100μg·ml~(-1)贮备液,标定,使用时稀释成5.0μg·ml~(-1)的标准工作液.Mn(Ⅱ)溶液:用MnSO_4·H_2O配成6.0mg·ml~(-1)的水溶液     

铜-2,3,4-三羟基-4′-磺基-偶氮苯配合物吸附波的研究

在0.065mol·L~(-1)柠檬酸钠-0.046mol·L~(-1)HCl(pH 6.6)介质中,2,3,4-三轻基-4′-磺基-偶氮苯和铜形成配合物,在单扫描示波极谱仪上于—0.24V(vs.SCE)处产生灵敏的吸附峰,测定铜的浓度范围为0.005～0.3μg·ml~(-1),检出限为0.0025μg·ml~(-1),本法已成功地用于人发及硫酸镍中铜的测定,并进行了电极反应机理研究。     

红矾钠及其生产工艺中磷的测定

广东某化工厂生产红矾钠(铬酸钠),工艺中除Cr(Ⅱ)以提高产品质量,采用国外新技术,加含磷酸根化合物,故工艺中要求测定磷。 本方法采用加Fe(Ⅱ)盐溶液,用氨水中和生成氢氧化铁沉淀吸附磷,同其它成分分离。用盐酸溶解氢氧化铁沉淀后测磷;或加高氯酸冒烟消除可溶性硅酸的干扰,再加氢溴酸消除砷的干扰。最后用锑磷钼蓝吸光光度法测定。最低检出浓度0.01μg·ml~(-1),最高检出浓度约为1.6μg·ml~(-1)。通过试验,制定了一个可测红矾钠产品(微碱性)、红矾钠母液(碱性)、红矾钠酸化液及处理前后的排污废水(酸或碱性)中磷的通用方法。 1 主要试剂与仪器 磷标准溶液:10μg·ml~(-1),用磷酸二氢钾加水配制。 酒石酸锑钾溶液:1mg·ml~(-1),称取酒石酸锑钾0.2743g溶解于水,配成100ml。     

TI(Ⅰ)-Cr(Ⅵ)-碘化钾-鲁米诺体系化学发光法测定铊

利用了Tl(Ⅰ)对Cr(Ⅵ)氧化碘化钾反应的催化作用,以碘-鲁米诺化学发学反应指示反应的进程。建立了测定铊的化学发光新方法。线性范围为Tl(Ⅰ)0.001～1μg·ml~(-1),检出限为Tl(Ⅰ)0.0006μg·ml~(-1)。     

火焰原子吸收法测定高纯碳酸钡中钠镁钙锶

高纯度碳酸钡中杂质含量较低,基体中含大量Ba~(2+).采用化学法及直接原子吸收法测定钠、镁和钙微量元素的含量只能分别测定,操作繁琐;采用X一固体粉末衍射法测定锶效果好,但仪器设备昂贵,且检测成本很高.本文采用加入消电离剂及释放剂消除干扰的方法,在火焰原子吸收分析仪上测定高纯碳酸钡中钠、镁、钙和锶的含量.方法简便,快速准确.满足了质检分析要求.1 试剂与仪器钠、镁标准溶液均为:10.0μg·ml~(-1)钙、锶标准溶液均为:100μg·ml~(-1)镧盐溶液:100g·L~(-1)(La_2O_3的盐酸溶液)铯盐溶液:10g·L~(-1)(CsCl)日立-508原子吸收分光光度计     

钛酸镧烧结物中未化合氧化镧含量的测定

在光度分析中,采用双显色剂,可以提高灵敏度,本文用二溴羧基偶氮氯膦（DBCCPA）作显色剂,以结晶紫（CV）作第二显色剂。研究了显色反应条件及络合物的光度性质,用于检测陶瓷电容钛酸镧烧结物中未化合的氧化镧,获得满意的结果。 1 试验部分1.1 主要仪器与试剂 721型分光光度计;PHS-29A型酸度计 镧标准贮备液: 1mg· ml~(-1);工作液:5μg· ml~(-1) DBCCPA溶液:0.1％ 结晶紫（CV）溶液:0.05％ 聚乙烯醇（PVA-124）溶液:1％ 氯化钾-盐酸缓冲溶液:PH 2.21.2 试验方法 准确移取镧标准溶液5μg于25ml量瓶中,依次加 DBCCPA 0.5ml,PVA-1245. 0ml,CV0. 6ml,     

用新试剂N,N‘—二呋喃甲酰基硫脲检定Ag^＋和Hg^2＋

在对新试剂(N,N’-二呋喃甲酰基硫脲)分析性能研究的基础上,通过寻找适宜的反应条件,从而确立了Ag~+和Hg~(2+)的检定方法。新试剂用于Ag~+的检定,灵敏度和选择性都优越于目前的试剂;用于Hg~(2+)的检定,灵敏度与目前最高的双硫腙相当,选择性却比它好。该方法操作简便,在实际样品分析中,获得满意结果。故该试剂可以作为Ag~+(检出限量为0.015μg,最低浓度为0.5μg·ml~(-1))和Hg~(2+)(检出限量为0.03μg,最低浓度为1μg·ml~(-1))的新检定试剂。     

在CTMAB存在下钯和络菁R显色反应的研究

用络菁R显色剂测定钯的报道甚少。文献[1]操作较繁琐,反应体系需恒温加热;文献[2]灵敏度欠佳。本文将溴化十六烷基三甲铵用于钯和络菁R的显色体系,探讨了该反应的适宜条件,并拟定了样品中微量钯的测定方法。试验表明,本方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,回收率为96.5％～99.5％。 1 试验部分 1.1 主要试剂与仪器 钯标准溶液:100μg·ml~(-1),用氯化钯(AR)配制用时稀释至10μg·ml~(-1)。络菁R水溶液(ECR):2×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)CTMAB:4×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)NaOAc-HOAc缓冲液:pH=5.0,用酸度计调节试验用水均为超纯水     

LC/ESI-MS分离和测定冬虫夏草及其代用品的有效成分

本文报道采用电喷雾离子化(ESI),用高效液相色谱质谱联用法同时分离和测定冬虫夏草及其代用品中主要活性成分尿苷和腺苷的方法。本法使用Shimadzu VP ODS色谱柱,以水甲醇甲酸(90∶9.0∶1.0,V/V)为流动相,2 氯腺苷为内标,选择性离子检测(SIM)模式作定量分析。结果表明:尿苷和腺苷线性范围分别为2.0~110.0μg·mL-1和1.0~120.0μg·mL-1,检出限分别为0.3μg·mL-1和0.2μg·mL-1,标准加入回收率为97.0%~103.3%。该法已成功地用于冬虫夏草及其代用品中尿苷和腺苷的分析。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.