超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱法筛查青黛中非法掺入的染色物质

建立了超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定青黛中非法掺入的染色物质孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、天青A、天青B、天青C和亚甲基蓝的检测方法.样品经乙腈溶液(含5%甲酸)提取,采用超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)的多反应监测模式(MRM)进行定性和定量检测,其中孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿内标法定量,天青A、天青B、天青C、亚甲基蓝外标法定量.6种染色物质测定的线性范围在1～30 ng/m L之间,孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、天青A、天青B、天青C、亚甲基蓝的检出限分别为0.5、0.5、1.0、1.0、1.0、1.0 ng/g,定量限分别为1.0、1.0、2.0、2.0、2.0、2.0 ng/g,3个水平的回收率在79.7%～119.7%之间,精密度的RSD%在0.7%～1.8%之间.方法前处理简单,灵敏度高,适用青黛中非法掺入的染色物质孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、天青A、天青B、天青C和亚甲基蓝的快速检测.     

高效液相色谱法检测底泥中孔雀石绿及其代谢物

以乙腈、二氯甲烷、对甲苯磺酸和Mcilvain缓冲液等提取底泥中孔雀石绿和隐色孔雀石绿,以乙腈-甲醇-乙酸钠缓冲液为流动相,用DAD检测器在618nm处进行检测,建立了底泥中孔雀石绿及其代谢物的HPLC检测方法。孔雀石绿的回收率为75.2%~79.1%,隐色孔雀石绿的回收率为81.1%~84.2%,检测限均为5μg/kg。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定沉积物中孔雀石绿及其代谢物

建立了沉积物中孔雀石绿及其代谢物(隐性孔雀石绿)的高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法.称取2 g沉积物样品,以乙腈和CH2Cl2超声萃取,旋转蒸发浓缩后,以30%甲醇定溶,经0.45μm滤膜过滤后,应用高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定沉积物中孔雀石绿及其代谢物残留量.本方法MG和LMG线性范围为0.5-100μg/L,相关系数为0.9982和0.9976,仪器检出限为0.2×10-9,定量限为0.5×10-9,MG回收率为44.5%～66.7%,LMG回收率31.4%～53.3%,方法检出限为2.0 ng/g.该方法适用于沉积物中痕量孔雀石绿及其代谢物的检测.     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水体与底泥中孔雀石绿及隐色孔雀石绿残留

建立了水体和底泥沉积物中孔雀石绿(MG)及其代谢物隐色孔雀石绿(LMG)的超高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。水样直接利用MCX固相萃取柱富集和净化,底泥采用乙腈和二氯甲烷混合提取液超声提取。采用BEH C18(1.7μm,50 mm×2.1 mm)色谱柱对待测物进行分离,以0.1%甲酸/乙腈-5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾-多反应正离子监测模式检测,内标法定量。方法的线性范围为0.2～100μg/L,r2≥0.995。空白水体在1.0、10.0、100 ng/L 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为77%～90%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为7.2%～11.4%,检出限(LOD)和定量下限(LOQ)分别为0.2ng/L和0.4 ng/L。空白底泥样品在0.20、2.00、20.0μg/kg 3个加标水平下,平均回收率为82%～91%,RSD为6.3%～11.6%,检出限(LOD)和定量下限(LOQ)分别为0.02μg/kg和0.04μg/kg。该方法灵敏度高、选择性好,适用于实际水产养殖环境水体和底泥中MG和LMG的残留测定。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鱼粉中孔雀石绿

建立了鱼粉中孔雀石绿及其代谢物隐色孔雀石绿残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪(UPLC-MS-MS)测定法。样品经乙腈提取,中性Al2O3固相小柱净化,超高效液相色谱C18柱分离,电喷雾正离子多反应模式(MRM)检测,内标法定量。方法的定量限为1.00μg/kg,线性范围为0.25～20.0μg/L。在1.00～20.0μg/kg的加标量下,孔雀石绿平均回收率范围为85.3%～104.4%,隐色孔雀石绿平均回收率范围为85.7%～101.4%,相对标准偏差均小于15%。方法适用于鱼粉样品中孔雀石绿残留的快速检测。     

液相色谱法同时测定水产品中孔雀石绿和结晶紫残留

用液相色谱-可见法同时测定水产品中孔雀石绿(MG)、结晶紫(CV)及其代谢物隐色孔雀石绿(LMG)和隐色结晶紫(LCV)的残留量,并用液相色谱-串联质谱法进行确证和定量。样品用乙腈提取,二氯甲烷液液分配,MCX阳离子固相萃取小柱净化,浓缩定容。以乙酸铵缓冲溶液和乙腈为流动相,经C18柱分离后,PbO2柱后衍生;用二极管阵列检测器在618nm测定孔雀石绿和隐色孔雀石绿,在588nm测定结晶紫和隐色结晶紫;并用串联质谱在电喷雾-多反应监测离子的模式下,进行质谱确证和定量;外标法定量,内标亮绿和氘代隐色孔雀石绿校正回收率。液相色谱-可见法的检出限为MG0.22,LMG0.28,CV0.22,LCV0.25μg/kg;液相色谱-串联质谱法的检出限为MG0.014,LMG0.018,CV0.014,LCV0.0084μg/kg。在2~20μg/kg范围内,回收率为75%~95%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定草鱼中6种阳离子染料残留量

建立了同时测定草鱼中孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、结晶紫、隐色结晶紫、亚甲基蓝和新亚甲基蓝6种阳离子染料残留量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)方法。样品经乙腈和缓冲溶液提取,用二氯甲烷萃取及中性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化。选择反应监测(SRM)正离子模式检测,内标法定量。孔雀石绿、隐色孔雀石绿、结晶紫、隐色结晶紫、新亚甲基蓝和亚甲基蓝的定量限均为0.2μg/kg。添加0.2~10μg/kg水平时加标回收率达到75.0%~98.5%,相对标准偏差为3.2%~9.1%。     

QuEChERS/UPLC-MS/MS法测定水产品中孔雀石绿和结晶紫及其代谢物

建立了水产品中孔雀石绿(MG)和结晶紫(CV)及其代谢物隐色孔雀石绿(LMG)和隐色结晶紫(LCV)残留的QuEChERS/UPLC-MS/MS分析方法。样品采用乙腈提取,改进的QuEChERS(EMR-Lipid)分散固相萃取净化,经Agilent Eclipse Plus C_(18)(1.8μm,3.0 mm×100 mm)色谱柱分离,电喷雾串联四极杆质谱多反应监测正离子方式测定。4种分析物在0.2~10.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.997。鱼肉中4种分析物在0.5,1.0,5.0μg/kg加标浓度水平下,回收率为77.1%~106.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%~4.3%。该方法简单、稳定、可靠,能有效去除样品中的蛋白质、脂肪等大分子杂质,可满足水产品中孔雀石绿、结晶紫以及隐色代谢物残留检测与确证的需要。     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定水产品中孔雀石绿代谢物残留量

水产品中残留的孔雀石绿经硼氢化钾还原为其代谢物隐色孔雀石绿,采用高效液相色谱对隐色孔雀石绿进行了检测。经均匀化处理的试样用乙腈在pH 4.5的乙酸盐缓冲介质中提取,所得提取液用二氯甲烷液-液分配后,用酸性氧化铝柱进行分离及净化。以Agilent SB-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为分离柱,乙腈和乙酸盐缓冲溶液以体积比80比20的混合溶液为流动相,用荧光检测器检测。孔雀石绿的质量浓度在1.0～500.0μg.L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.46μg.kg-1。方法的回收率在78.0%～95.2%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在3.01%～5.98%之间。试验结果表明,孔雀石绿转化为隐色孔雀石绿的转化率在99.1%～100.8%之间。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯

建立吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯的方法。称量5 g土壤样品于40 mL吹扫瓶中,加入5 mL超纯水进行吹扫捕集提取,用DB-624毛细管色谱柱（60 m×250μm,1.4μm）分离,全扫描后进行谱库检索定性,内标法定量。乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯的质量浓度在5.0～200μg/L范围内与定量离子与内标定量离子色谱峰面积的比值线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.999 6和0.999 2,检出限分别为1.2、1.4μg/kg。样品加标平均回收率分别为95.8%～108%,79.9%～98.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.92%～13.7%、2.05%～13.8%(n=6)。该方法可用于土壤中乙酸乙酯和丙烯酸乙酯的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.