基于改进遗传算法的布局优化子问题

本针对子问题，构造了布局子问题(关于同构布局等价类)的改进遗传算法。将该算法应用于二维布局优化子问题，数值实验表明该算法能够在很好地保持图元的邻接关系的前提下找到子问题的最优解。由于布局优化问题可分解为有限个子问题，所以利用该算法可以找到整个布局优化问题的全局最优解。     

漫谈金属探测器

提起金属探测器（Metal Detector），人们就会联想到探雷器，工兵用它来探测掩埋的地雷．金属探测器是一种专门用来探测金属的仪器，除了用于探测有金属外壳或金属部件的地雷之外，还可以用来探测隐蔽在墙壁内的电线、埋在地下的水管和电缆，甚至能够地下探宝，发现埋藏在地下的金属物体．目前还广泛应用于各种大型会议中心、会展场馆、体育场馆、公检法、监狱系统及娱乐场所的安全检查和工厂企业的防偷窃检查，甚至用于对高考禁带物品的检查．本文就来谈谈金属探测器的发展历史和工作原弹．     

开关布局中本质不同的开关线路计算

通过对开关布局问题的研究，来解决一类象开关线路一样比较特殊，比较复杂的布局优化问题。从而寻找出这类问题的全局优化算法。本应用对称群对集合的作用，轨道，不动点等讨论了开关布局问题，给出了本质不同的开关线路个数的计算公式。     

粒子分辨CCT方法中的δ电子效应

提出了切伦科夫相关时间测量(CCT)中初始粒子在辐射体里产生的δ电子的干扰问题,以及降低干扰的方法. 通过模拟计算给出了北京τ-C工厂探测器初步设计中CCT的π/K分辨本领.     

二十面体对称性(I~h)分子的从头计算研究II. 铜原子簇Cu~13的电子结构

应用对称性约化计算方案, 完成了铜原子簇Cu~13(I~h)三种基组下的从头计算, 最大维数390。为了进行比较, 也进行了Cu~2、Cu~4、Cu~6及Cu~8的计算。经过优化, 获得基态及平衡几何、布居、结合能等数据, 表明Cu~13可能稳定存在。Cu~13中以d成分为主的分子轨道均已填满, 对化学键无实际贡献, 成键作用为s, p性质; 再者, d带与s带不相交叠, 无金属Cu能带的特征。无论平衡几何、布居及结合能数值均与采用的其组很有关系, 虽然定性趋势是一致的。     

巧解高考题

题目（2008年江苏）某地有三家工厂。分别位于矩形ABCD的顶点A，B及CD的中点P处，已知AB=20km，CB=10km，为了处理三家工厂的污水，现要在矩形ABCD的区域上（含边界）。且与A，B等距离的一点O处建造一个污水处理厂，     

All-reflective optical system design for extreme ultraviolet lithography

All-reflective optical systems,due to their material absorption and low refractive index,are used to create the most suitable devices in extreme ultraviolet lithography （EUVL）.In this letter,we present a design for an all-reflective lithographic projection lens.We also discuss its design idea and structural system.After analysis of the four-mirror optical system,the initial structural parameters are determined,the optical system is optimized,and the tolerances of the system are analyzed.We also show the implementation of optimal layout and desired imaging performance.     

吕米埃兄弟[Lumiere，Louis（1864-1948）et Auguste（1862-1954）]法国发明家（Inventist，France）

吕米埃兄弟发明了一种早期电影摄影机和放映机。他们摄制的电影“工人们离开吕米埃工厂”（1895）曾在巴黎上演，被认为是第一部电影。他们在里昂读书时，就显示出科学方面的才华。18岁时，开设了一家制造照相片的工厂并获得成功。吕米埃兄弟着手研究把动画片制作和放映结合起来的问题，并手1895年2月13日得到了专利权。他们最早的影片是法国人民日常生活的记实，如列车到站、打纸牌、辛勤的铁匠、婴儿的哺食、士兵在行军等。     

Earthquake forecast via neutrino tomography

We discuss the possibility of forecasting earthquakes by means of (anti)neutrino tomography. Antineutrinos emitted from reactors are used as a probe. As the antineutrinos traverse through a region prone to earthquakes, observable variations in the matter effect on the antineutrino oscillation would provide a tomography of the vicinity of the region. In this preliminary work, we adopt a simplified model for the geometrical profile and matter density in a fault zone. We calculate the survival probability of electron antineutrinos for cases without and with an anomalous accumulation of electrons which can be considered as a clear signal of the coming earthquake, at the geological region with a fault zone, and find that the variation may reach as much as 3% for ν_e emitted from a reactor. The case for a ν_e beam from a neutrino factory is also investigated, and it is noted that, because of the typically high energy associated with such neutrinos, the oscillation length is too large and the resultant variation is not practically observable. Our conclusion is that with the present reactor facilities and detection techniques, it is still a difficult task to make an earthquake forecast using such a scheme, though it seems to be possible from a theoretical point of view while ignoring some uncertainties. However, with the development of the geology, especially the knowledge about the fault zone, and with the improvement of the detection techniques, etc., there is hope that a medium-term earthquake forecast would be feasible.