Modélisation du champ des vitesses de l'urine dans un bolus urétéralModelling of urine flow in an ureteral bolus

Urine transport is made from the kidney to the bladder through the ureter by isolated pockets called bolus. To determine the urine flow in a bolus, we use an adherence condition on the interface urine/wall. It gives us an infinite linear system verified by a set of parameters. An iterative and convergent algorithm allows us to solve this system and to determine analytically the components of the velocity vector in the bolus. To cite this article: A. Vogel et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).     

动力学分光光度法测定痕量硫氰酸根的研究

利用SCN~-对溴酸钾氧化罗丹明B反应的抑制作用。建立了动力学光度法测定痕量SCN~-的新方法。检出限为0.30ng SCN~-/ml,测定范围为0.30～8.3ngSCN~-/ml.应用于吸烟者与不吸烟者尿中SCN~-的测定。结果较为满意。     

石英芯片电泳分离检测尿中蛋白的研究

通过对缓冲体系、缓冲液浓度、酸度、乳酸钙浓度、乙胺浓度、电泳电压和进样时间的优化选择，用石英芯片电泳一紫外检测法分离了纯人白蛋白和人运铁蛋白；在75mmol／L硼酸盐（pH10．55）（含0．8mmol／L乳酸钙、1％（φ）乙胺）运行缓冲液中，上述两组分在3min内完全分离；纯人白蛋白和人运铁蛋白的线性范围分别为1．0～15．0g/L和1．0～10．0g／L；检出限（S／N=3）均为0．5g／L，应用于临床尿蛋白分离测定，并与Helena琼脂糖凝胶电泳仪电泳结果进行比较，获得一致结果。     

Diagnostic and therapy-control of inborn metabolic disorders by high-performance liquid chromatography: 2,8-dihydroxyadeninuria,xanthinuria

Summary 2,8-Dihydroxyadeninuria and xanthinuria are inborn enzyme disorders which must be under lifelong therapeutic control. Quantitative determination of 2,8-DHA and xanthine using reversed phase HPLC was performed. A new application for the separation of purines shortens analysis-time. Examples of the determination of 2,8-DHA and xanthine before and under certain therapies are shown. Long term monitoring of the patients offers the possibility of a reliable prophylaxis against stone recurrence.     

尿中MDMA和MDA的酰基衍生化-电子俘获检测气相色谱分析法

研究了致幻性安非它明类药物MDMA和MDA的三氟乙酰、二氯乙酰、一氯二氟乙酰、五氟丙酰、七氟丁酰、五氟苯甲酰和二硝基苯甲酰衍生化的反应条件,发现所研究的各种衍生化反应均可用少量酸酐或酰氯在环已烷中室温下几分钟内完成.在此基础上建立了尿中MDMA和MDA的用微量环已烷提取的、各种衍生化的、电子俘获检测的气相色谱分析方法.方法操作简便快速,多数方法的检出限低于10μg/L,检测MDMA最灵敏的方法是七氟丁酰衍生化方法,检出限为4.1μg/L,检测MDA最灵敏的方法是五氟苯甲酰衍生化方法,检出限为2.5μg/L.对其中几种灵敏度较高的方法进行了线性关系和回收率的考查.     

尿中肌酐的流动注射分析

本文提出了一种简便快速的尿中肌酐的测定方法。采用空气整段间隔试样带的流动注射分析体系,在非化学反应平衡的条件下测定,尿样不经手工稀释可直接用于测定。测样频率每小时为90次,相对标准偏差为1.5%。     

尿中MDMA和MDA的酰基衍生化-氮磷检测气相色谱分析法

研究了致幻性安非他明类药物3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基安非他明(MDMA)和3,4-亚甲二氧基安非他明(MDA)的乙酰化、三氟乙酰化、五氟丙酰化、七氟丁酰化、二氯乙酰化、一氯二氟乙酰化、五氟苯甲酰化、五氟苯磺酰化和二硝基苯甲酰化的衍生化反应条件,发现除了乙酰化之外所研究的各种衍生化反应均可用5μL酸酐或酰氯在环己烷中于20℃10 m in内完成。乙酰化可用20μL乙酸酐在60℃30 m in内完成。在此基础上建立了尿中MDMA和MDA的各种衍生化的氮磷检测气相色谱(GC/NPD)分析方法。方法操作简便快速,绝大多数方法的检出限低于10μg/L,其中二氯乙酰化、一氯二氟乙酰化、五氟苯甲酰化、五氟苯磺酰化和二硝基苯甲酰化的GC/NPD分析方法未见文献报道。对一些灵敏的方法进行了线性关系和回收率的考察,结果满意。     

Study of urinary nucleosides as biological marker in cancer patients analyzed by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography

Thirteen normal and modified nucleosides, primarily degradation products of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA), were evaluated as potential tumor markers for cancer patients. Their urinary concentrations were determined by means of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) in the urine from 54 healthy adults and 70 cancer patients, then quantitatively expressed as a function of creatinine excretion. It was found that urinary nucleosides for cancer patients were on the average significantly higher than those for healthy controls, however, no significant differences were found between male and female or between different ages. Based on 13 urinary nucleoside concentrations, principal component analysis (PCA) could be used to classify 72% of cancer patients from the healthy controls. The present study shows that the precise measurement of urinary nucleosides by MEKC in combining with PCA technique may provide a clinically useful approach for diagnosis of cancer.     

偏最小二乘-同步荧光法测定人尿中黄蝶呤

建立了人尿中黄蝶呤含量测定的同步荧光分析方法。在pH 7.8 KH2PO4-NaOH缓冲溶液中,于Δλ为70 nm的条件下对黄蝶呤及其它蝶呤类化合物进行同步荧光扫描,所得的重叠波谱数据用主成分回归法(PCR)、偏最小二乘法(PLS)、经典最小二乘法(CLS)和径向基人工神经网络(RBF-ANN)等多元校正法进行处理,结果表明偏最小二乘法(PLS)的分析结果最好,其标准偏差为4.29%。该方法简便、快速、准确,避免了较繁琐的样品前处理过程,应用于人尿中黄蝶呤分析,结果令人满意。     

Determination of medecamycin by adsorptive stripping voltammetry with an activated electrode

The adsorptive and electrochemical behaviors of medecamycin were investigated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) pretreated by anodic oxidation at +1.8 V for 5 min in 0.025 mol l^–1 NH₃-NH₄Cl (pH 8.6) solution. An adsorptive stripping voltammetric method for the determination of medecamycin at the pretreated glassy carbon electrode has been developed. Medecamycin was accumulated in NH₃-NH₄Cl buffer (pH 9.0) at a potential of –0.7 V (vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE)) for a certain time, and then determined by second-order differential anodic stripping voltammetry. The second-order differential anodic stripping peak current at +0.72 V was proportional to the concentration of medecamycin in the range 2.0 g ml^–1 to 50.0 g ml^–1. The detection limit (three times the signal-to-noise) was 1.0 g ml^–1 and the relative standard deviation of the results was 3.28% for eight successive determinations of 10.0 g ml^–1 medecamycin. This method has been applied to the direct determination of medecamycin in commercial tablets and spiked urine samples with satisfactory results.