Rare-Earth Chalcogenides: A Large Family of Triangular Lattice Spin Liquid Candidates

Frustrated quantum magnets are expected to host many exotic quantum spin states like quantum spin liquid(QSL), and have attracted numerous interest in modern condensed matter physics. The discovery of the triangular lattice spin liquid candidate YbMgGaO_4 stimulated an increasing attention on the rare-earth-based frustrated magnets with strong spin-orbit coupling. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a large family of rare-earth chalcogenides AReCh_2(A = alkali or monovalent ions, Re = rare earth, Ch = O,S,Se). The family compounds share the same structure(R3 m) as YbMgGaO_4,and antiferromagnetically coupled rare-earth ions form perfect triangular layers that are well separated along the c-axis. Specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements on NaYbO_2,NaYbS_2 and NaYbSe_2 single crystals and polycrystals, reveal no structural or magnetic transition down to 50 mK. The family, having the simplest structure and chemical formula among the known QSL candidates, removes the issue on possible exchange disorders in YbMgGaO_4. More excitingly, the rich diversity of the family members allows tunable charge gaps, variable exchange coupling, and many other advantages.This makes the family an ideal platform for fundamental research of QSLs and its promising applications.     

应用HPLC双波长指纹图谱及偏最小二乘法-判别分析评价抗癌平丸质量

采用双波长融合法建立2个厂家的18批抗癌平丸样品的HPLC指纹图谱,利用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(A版)建立融合指纹图谱共有模式并进行相似度计算。确定了21个共有峰,相似度计算结果在0.601～0.788,说明2个厂家样品之间有一定的差异。通过对照品指认出原儿茶酸、香草酸、异嗪皮啶、巴马汀、野黄芩苷、迷迭香酸、木犀草素、芹菜素这8种成分。用SIMCA-P 11.5软件建立偏最小二乘法-判别分析(PLS-DA)模型进行统计分析,2个厂家的样品明显区分开,并且确定了导致厂家间质量差异的关键成分。结果表明,本文所建立的HPLC双波长指纹图谱技术结合PLS-DA能很好地区分不同厂家样品,克服了单波长检测时信息量有限的缺点。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定半边莲中九种农药残留

建立了一种测定半边莲中α-六六六等九种有机氯农药的气相色谱-串联质谱方法。样品用醋酸-乙腈提取、固相萃取净化后,气相色谱-串联质谱测定,采用5%苯基甲基聚硅氧烷为固定液的弹性石英毛细管柱（0.25 mm×30 m,0.25μm）为色谱柱,载气为高纯氦气,多反应监测模式检测9种有机氯农药残留。结果表明,9种目标农药在10～400μg·L-1线性良好,相关系数均大于0.995,方法检出限为0.57～4.3μg·L-1,定量限为1.9～14μg·L-1,方法平均回收率为64.22%～121.4%,相对标准偏差为3.41%～13.3%。所测定的53批半边莲样品中9种有机氯残留均远低于《中国药典》2015年版规定要求。本实验所建立的方法能满足半边莲中9种目标农药残留的分析要求。     

加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱法测定沉积物中15种多氯联苯

建立了沉积物样品中多氯联苯(PCBs)的分析方法。沉积物样品通过加速溶剂萃取、弗罗里硅土柱净化、气相色谱-电子捕获检测法测定。结果表明,该方法具有很好的精密度和准确度,其回收率为53.11%~108.44%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.42%~8.02%(n=6),检出限为2.28~3.98pg/g,能够满足沉积物中PCBs的测定要求。     

微吸附采样技术在测定放火现场助燃剂中的应用

采用微吸附采样技术对放火现场助燃剂进行提取和富集。利用气相色谱-质谱法对提取物进行定性分析,同时对汽油进行定量分析。通过微吸附采样技术提取可实现对放火现场常见助燃剂(汽油、煤油、柴油、稀释剂等)的有效富集,结合气相色谱-质谱法分析,汽油的检出限为0.1nL·L-1,在一定的浓度范围内可实现对汽油的定量分析。     

Raman scattering studies on the collapsed phase of CaCo_2As_2

In this work,Raman scattering measurements have been performed on the collapsed phase CaCo_2As_2 crystals.At least 8 Raman modes were observed at room temperature though CaCo_2As_2 is structurally similar to other 122 compounds like BaFe_2As_2.Two Raman modes are assigned to the intrinsic A_(1g)and B_(1g)of this material system respectively.The other ones are considered to originate from the local vibrations relevant to cobalt vacancies.Careful polarized measurements allow us to clearly resolve the four-fold symmetry of the B_(1g)mode,which put strong constraints on possible point group symmetries of the system with Co vacancies.The temperature-dependent measurements demonstrate that the anomalies in both frequency and width of the B_(1g)mode occur around Neel temperature T_N.The anomalies are considered to be related to the gap opening near the magnetic transition.The study may shed light on the structural and magnetic changes and their correlations with superconductivity in 122 systems.     

Strain-modulated excitonic gaps in mono-and bi-layer MoSe_2

Photoluminescence(PL) and Raman spectra under uniaxial strain were measured in mono- and bi-layer MoSe_2 to comparatively investigate the evolution of excitonic gaps and Raman phonons with strain. We observed that the strain dependence of excitonic gaps shows a nearly linear behavior in both flakes. One percent of strain increase gives a reduction of ~42 meV(~35 me V) in A-exciton gap in monolayer(bilayer) MoSe_2. The PL width remains little changed in monolayer MoSe_2 while it increases rapidly with strain in the bilayer case. We have made detailed discussions on the observed strain-modulated results and compared the difference between monolayer and bilayer cases. The hybridization between 4d orbits of Mo and 4p orbits of Se, which is controlled by the Se–Mo–Se bond angle under strain, can be employed to consistently explain the observations. The study may shed light into exciton physics in few-layer MoSe_2 and provides a basis for their applications.     

辐射技术在环境保护中的应用

由于高能电子束和γ射线本身具有的特性,其辐射技术在环境保护领域具有巨大的应用潜力。本文介绍了国内外利用辐射技术在废水、废气和固体废物(“三废”)处理中的研究和应用,涉及印染废水、造纸废水、硝基苯胺类物质、卤系阻燃剂类物质、环境内分泌干扰物和藻毒素的处理,燃煤尾气脱硫脱硝,以及挥发性有机物、污泥等方面的处理研究,并对辐射处理各种有机污染物的机理进行了探索和分析。表明辐射技术是处理“三废”的一种十分有效的方法。同时,讨论了辐射技术在环境处理应用中的有限性,并对该技术的研究和发展方向进行了展望。     

半边莲中重金属及有害元素测定与污染评价

建立了半边莲中重金属及有害元素残留量的测定方法,并对重金属及有害元素的含量进行分析与污染评价。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法,测定53批不同产地半边莲中重金属及有害元素的含量。运用SPSS 22.0软件分析半边莲中重金属及有害元素之间的相关性,并采用单因子指数法及内梅罗综合污染指数法对半边莲污染状况进行评价。结果表明半边莲中5种重金属元素的线性关系良好（r>0.99）,定量限为0.2368～21.24μg·kg-1,回收率为90.17%～102.3%,准确度和精密度均符合痕量分析要求。除As与Cu在5%的置信水平上显著正相关外,Pb、Cd、As、Cu各元素之间在1%的置信水平上呈显著正相关,表明这4种元素在半边莲中的积累存在协同效应,而Hg元素与这4种元素没有明显的相关性。此外,半边莲中指标性成分香叶木苷、蒙花苷含量与各元素之间无显著性相关。半边莲中重金属及有害元素平均单项污染指数顺序为Pb>Cd>As>Hg,其中Cd、Pb、As为主要重金属污染物。半边莲样品中41批处于安全级别,内梅罗综合污染指数均值为0.64,整体处于安全级别。