透射式阴极X光二极管初步研究北大核心CSCD

基于透射式阴极发射模型和平响应XRD原理,设计了透射式阴极,并制作550nm CH+50nm Au的阴极,并在神光Ⅲ原型装置上开展了初步验证实验。首先利用反射式XRD施加负偏压的实验开展直穿光影响评估,施加偏压为-1500V时,没有观测到探测信号,表明直穿光产生光电子得到了有效抑制。利用原型主激光与第九路激光打靶实验,施加负偏压的透射式XRD获得探测信号显示第二个峰值信号延后第一个信号3.01ns,该结果与第九路激光延迟时间一致,时间分辨能力满足实验要求。     

First neutron spectrometry measurement at the HL-2A Tokamak

A compact neutron spectrometer based on the liquid scintillator is presented for neutron energy spectrum measurements at the HL-2A Tokamak. The spectrometer was well characterized and a fast digital pulse shape discrimination software was developed using the charge comparison method. A digitizer data acquisition system with a maximum frequency of 1 MHz can work under an environment with a high count rate at HL-2A Tokamak. Specific radiation and magnetic shielding for the spectrometer were designed for the neutron spectrum measurement at the HL-2A Tokamak. For pulse height spectrum analysis, dedicated numerical simulation utilizing NUBEAM combined with GENESIS was performed to obtain the neutron energy spectrum. Subsequently, the transportation process from the plasma to the detector was evaluated with Monte Carlo calculations. The distorted neutron energy spectrum was folded with the response matrix of the liquid scintillation spectrometer, and good consistency was found between the simulated and measured pulse height spectra. This neutron spectrometer based on a digital acquisition system could be well adopted for the investigation of the auxiliary heating behavior and the fast-ion related phenomenon on different tokamak devices.     

Analytical solution of crystal diffraction intensity

Plasma density and temperature can be diagnosed by x-ray line emission measurement with crystal, and bent crystals such as von Hamos and Hall structures are proposed to improve the diffraction brightness. In this study, a straightforward solution for the focusing schemes of flat and bent crystals is provided. Simulations with XOP code are performed to validate the analytical model, and good agreements are achieved. The von Hamos or multi-cone crystal can lead to several hundred times intensity enhancements for a 200μm plasma source. This model benefits the applications of the focusing bent crystals.     

CsI(Tl)闪烁体软X光能量响应的模拟研究

CsI(Tl)闪烁体是X光转换为可见光比较重要的一个部件,在惯性约束聚变中的X光诊断等方面有着十分重要的应用。通过Geant4软件较为全面地分析了CsI(Tl)闪烁体软X光能量响应,模拟了1~5keV的软X光入射不同厚度(20,30,50μm)CsI(Tl)的能量沉积谱,探究了粒子之间相互作用的物理过程,并比较了不同能量软X光在不同厚度CsI(Tl)闪烁体中的沉积效率。仿真结果表明,随着CsI(Tl)闪烁体厚度的增加,软X光在CsI(Tl)闪烁体中沉积的能量也逐渐增加,沉积效率与CsI(Tl)闪烁体厚度成正比。模拟研究为选择合适厚度的闪烁体做低能段软X光探测实验做铺垫。