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利用Bogoliubov理论研究了自由空间中可调自旋-轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(Bose-Einstein condensates, BECs)的激发谱.通过高频近似得到具有两体相互作用时与时间无关的有效Floquet哈密顿量,从而获得一种可调的自旋-轨道耦合和一种可由周期驱动拉曼耦合调控的有效两体相互作用.基于系统有效的Floquet哈密顿量,得到凝聚体具有相互作用时的色散关系,发现周期驱动强度可以有效地调控色散关系的结构,即周期驱动的拉曼耦合可以调控系统在零动量相与平面波相之间的相变.进一步利用Bogoliubov理论得到系统的Bogoliubov-de-Gennes (BdG)方程,分别研究了凝聚体在零动量相和平面波相中的激发谱.发现零动量相中的激发谱均为声子激发,且激发谱随周期驱动强度的增加表现出贝塞尔函数的行为;平面波相中的激发谱存在声子激发和旋子激发,当周期驱动强度增加时,旋子模出现软化现象.因此,可以通过周期驱动拉曼耦合实时地调控自旋-轨道耦合BECs激发谱中的声子激发和旋子激发. 相似文献
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Parametric instabilities induced by the coupling excitation between the high frequency quantum Langmuir waves and the low frequency quantum ion-acoustic waves in single-walled carbon nanotubes are studied with a quantum Zakharov model. By linearizing the quantum hydrodynamic equations, we get the dispersion relations for the high frequency quantum Langmuir wave and the low frequency quantum ion-acoustic wave. Using two-time scale method, we obtain the quantum Zaharov model in the cylindrical coordinates. Decay instability and four-wave instability are discussed in detail. It is shown that the carbon nanotube's radius, the equilibrium discrete azimuthal quantum number, the perturbed discrete azimuthal quantum number, and the quantum parameter all play a crucial role in the instabilities. 相似文献
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