气体传感器阵列信号的盲分离研究

本文在使用一个四单元微热板式集成气体传感器阵列测试煤矿中的两种主要易燃易爆气体一氧化碳和甲烷的基础上, 将气体传感器阵列与盲信号分离技术相结合, 讨论了混合气体分析的盲可辨识性, 并使用盲信号分离中的一种主要方法独立分量分析法(ICA)进行了分析和验证.     

Enhancement of charging performance of quantum battery via quantum coherence of bath

An open quantum battery (QB) model of a single qubit system charging in a coherent auxiliary bath (CAB) consisting of a series of independent coherent ancillae is considered. According to the collision charging protocol we derive a quantum master equation and obtain the analytical solution of QB in a steady state. We find that the full charging capacity (or the maximal extractable work (MEW)) of QB, in the weak QB-ancilla coupling limit, is positively correlated with the coherence magnitude of ancilla. Combining with the numerical simulations we compare with the charging properties of QB at finite coupling strength, such as the MEW, average charging power and the charging efficiency, when considering the bath to be a thermal auxiliary bath (TAB) and a CAB, respectively. We find that when the QB with CAB, in the weak coupling regime, is in fully charging, both its capacity and charging efficiency can go beyond its classical counterpart, and they increase with the increase of coherence magnitude of ancilla. In addition, the MEW of QB in the regime of relative strong coupling and strong coherent magnitude shows the oscillatory behavior with the charging time increasing, and the first peak value can even be larger than the full charging MEW of QB. This also leads to a much larger average charging power than that of QB with TAB in a short-time charging process. These features suggest that with the help of quantum coherence of CAB it becomes feasible to switch the charging schemes between the long-time slow charging protocol with large capacity and high efficiency and the short-time rapid charging protocol with highly charging power only by adjusting the coupling strength of QB-ancilla. This work clearly demonstrates that the quantum coherence of bath can not only serve as the role of "fuel" of QB to be utilized to improve the QB's charging performance but also provide an alternative way to integrate the different charging protocols into a single QB.     

Investigation of a Microcalorimeter for Thin-Film Heat Capacity Measurement

A microcalorimeter is studied for testing heat capacity of thin films. The microcalorimeter is a suspended membrane supported by six microbridges, which is fabricated by the front-side surface micromachining. Compared to the bulk micro-machined one, the microcalorimeter has excellent mechanical strength and precisely controlled pattern size as well as good thermal characteristics that are essential to a microcalorimeter. The heating rate of the microcalorimeter is up to 2 × 10^5Kis with 4.5mW heating power in vacuum, and the heat capacity of the corresponding empty microcalorimeter is about 23.4nJ/K at 30OK. By a pulse calorimetry, the heat capacity of A1 thin films with thickness of 40-1150nm are measured in the temperature range from 300K to 420K in vacuum. The mass of each sample is evaluated and the specific heat capacity is calculated. The results show that specific heat capacity of the 1150-nm A1 film agrees well with the data of bulk A1 reported in the literature. For the thinner films, enhanced heat capacity is observed.     

洛伦兹线型近似引起的甲烷检测误差研究

2ν₃波段R3分支(6 046.95 cm^-1)是近红外甲烷检测领域最常用波段。R3分支三条谱线相距很近,通常用一条谱线的洛伦兹线型去描述其谱形,校正温度、压强引起的二次谐波峰值误差,然而洛伦兹线型本身引起的误差并没有得到足够的重视。对TDLAS系统建模分析,以低频锯齿波叠加高频正弦波调制激光,经待检测气体吸收后,再利用数字锁相放大及低通滤波实现解调,最终通过旋转坐标系得到一次谐波归一化的二次谐波信号。通过分别比较单条谱线洛伦兹线型与三条谱线Voigt线型对二次谐波的影响,分析温度、压强变化条件下,由单条谱线洛伦兹线型近似带来的二次谐波误差。结果表明：(1)压强、温度变化时,洛伦兹线型二次谐波峰值误差较平均极小值误差更小;(2)洛伦兹线型二次谐波峰值的误差随着压强降低而显著增加,温度为298 K、压强降低至0.2 atm时,由洛伦兹线型近似带来甲烷气体二次谐波峰值的误差达65.5%;(3)以峰谷率、谐波宽度等参数衡量二次谐波谱形,在温度为298 K、压强小于0.8 atm条件下,峰谷率误差大于4.5%,压强为1 atm、温度大于380 K条件...     

Biphasic behavior of energy in a stepped chain

The impact energy decay in a step-up chain containing two sections is numerically studied.There is a marked biphasic behavior of energy decay in the first section.Two sections close to the interface are in compression state.The degree of compression of the first section first decreases and becomes weakest at "crossing" time of biphasic behavior of energy,then increases.The further calculations provide the dependence of the character time on mass ratio(m1/m2),where m1 and m2are the particle mass in the first and second section respectively.The bigger the α(α = [(? m_1-m_2)/(? m_1+ m_2)]~2 with? = 1.345),the bigger the energy ratio is.The multipulse structure restricts the transport of energy.