A self-powered and sensitive terahertz photodetection based on PdSe2

With the rapid development of terahertz technology, terahertz detectors are expected to play a key role in diverse areas such as homeland security and imaging, materials diagnostics, biology, medical sciences, and communication. Whereas self-powered, rapid response, and room temperature terahertz photodetectors are confronted with huge challenges. Here, we report a novel rapid response and self-powered terahertz photothermoelectronic (PTE) photodetector based on a low-dimensional material: palladium selenide (PdSe₂). An order of magnitude performance enhancement was observed in photodetection based on PdSe₂/graphene heterojunction that resulted from the integration of graphene and enhanced the Seebeck effect. Under 0.1-THz and 0.3-THz irradiations, the device displays a stable and repeatable photoresponse at room temperature without bias. Furthermore, rapid rise (5.0 μs) and decay (5.4 μs) times are recorded under 0.1-THz irradiation. Our results demonstrate the promising prospect of the detector based on PdSe₂ in terms of air-stable, suitable sensitivity and speed, which may have great application in terahertz detection.     

基于改进模糊层次分析法的茶园土壤肥力评价

Chang, Da-Yong提出的模糊层次分析法存在排序错误和权重失真的问题,针对这些问题,结合分割法和极限法,提出新的模糊三角数比较算法。这一算法满足V(M_2≥M_1)+V(M_2M_1)=1和当M_2=M_1时,V(M_2≥M_1)=0.5的统计规律,解决了排序错误的问题.此外,本文提出了新的权重算法,解决了权重失真的问题.最后,将改进后的模糊层次分析法用于茶园土壤肥力的评价中.结果显示,这一方法能够将决策者的模糊判断清晰化,如实地反映决策者的判断,并最终确定不同茶园的土壤肥力水平.     

一种验证动量定理成立的简易实验

提供一种简易的实验装置使学生更好地理解动量和冲量之间的关系,并且通过简单的数学处理验证动量定理.教师能够利用此实验开展IBSE(探究性科学教育)活动,加深学生对物理基本概念的理解,同时可有效培养学生的动手实践能力.     

Enhanced thermoelectric performance of PEDOT:PSS films via ionic liquid post-treatment

Thermoelectric(TE)energy harvesting can effectively convert waste heat into electricity,which is a crucial technology to solve energy concerns.As a promising candidate for energy conversion,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)has gained significant attention owing to its easy doping,high transparency,and solution processability.However,the TE performance of PEDOT:PSS still needs to be further enhanced.Herein,different approaches have been applied for tuning the TE properties:(i)direct dipping PEDOT:PSS thin films in ionic liquid;(ii)post-treatment of the films with concentrated sulfuric acid(H₂SO₄),and then dipping in ionic liquid.Besides,the same bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide(TFSI)anion and different cation salts,including 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium(EMIM+)and lithium(Li+),are selected to study the influence of varying cation types on the TE properties of PEDOT:PSS.The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS film treated with H2SO4EMIM:TFSI increase simultaneously,and the resulting maximum power factor is 46.7μW·m^-1·K^-2,which may be attributed to the ionic liquid facilitating the rearrangement of the molecular chain of PEDOT.The work provides a reference for the development of organic films with high TE properties.     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中西咪替丁的不确定度评定

对高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中西咪替丁含量的测量不确定度进行评定。建立高效液相色谱法测定西咪替丁的不确定度数学模型,分析影响测量不确定度的主要因素,包括标准储备溶液配制、系列标准工作溶液配制、样品处理、标准曲线拟合、仪器和测量重复性,计算合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定。该方法测量不确定度主要来源于系列标准溶液的配制,其次为标准曲线的拟合、标准储备溶液的配制和样品处理。当化妆品中西咪替丁的质量分数为485.36μg/g时,扩展不确定度为20.96μg/g (k=2,置信区间P=95%)。     

一种直流力矩电机系统的滞滑摩擦补偿方法

陀螺漂移测试转台直流力矩电机系统中存在的非线性滞滑摩擦，使转台在PID控制下存在滞滑极限环。为提高转台定位精度，应用具有滞滑(stick-slip)摩擦的直流力矩电机系统模型，推导了一种补偿方法，对含有滞滑摩擦的PID控制转台直流力矩电机伺服系统进行滞滑摩擦补偿。在采用PID控制的转台电机系统定位工作状态下，这种滞滑补偿方法可以减小滞滑极限环的幅值。仿真结果证明了该补偿方法的有效性。     

无刷直流力矩电机系统的自适应扰动力矩补偿研究

陀螺漂移测试转台无刷直流力矩电机系统中存在波动力矩和负载力矩振动，这严重地影响了转台速率平稳度。为提高转台速率状态位置跟踪精度，设计了一种自适应补偿方法。该方法包含一个参自适应律和等效PID控制律，它利用前馈补偿原理，来估计电机中未知参数以及波动力矩和负载力矩参数并给与补偿。该自适应补偿方法保证了闭环系统全局稳定性和对期望位置信号的渐进跟踪。仿真结果证明：该方法有效地提高了转台速率状态跟踪精度。     

茜素S复合铋膜电极电催化还原氯霉素

本研究采用电化学法制备茜素S复合铋膜修饰玻碳电极,利用循环伏安法、差示脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究氯霉素在茜素S复合铋膜电极上的电化学行为,并对其电化学测试条件进行优化.在pH 7.0的KH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲溶液中,氯霉素在-0.63 V处产生一灵敏的不可逆还原峰,显示出复合铋膜对氯霉素的还原有很好的催化作用.D...