陶瓷的摩擦学

本文讨论了影响陶瓷摩擦学特性的主要因素。一般而论,环境对陶瓷摩擦和磨损性能的影响大于对金属材料的。靠近陶瓷表面的外层通常受表面吸附层的物理影响,而有时也化学地形成反应产物层。无论是物理性质的还是化学性质的表面层,均以具有高屈服压力,并起到诸如固体润滑层作用的陶瓷固体结构为支撑。     

A self-powered and sensitive terahertz photodetection based on PdSe2

With the rapid development of terahertz technology, terahertz detectors are expected to play a key role in diverse areas such as homeland security and imaging, materials diagnostics, biology, medical sciences, and communication. Whereas self-powered, rapid response, and room temperature terahertz photodetectors are confronted with huge challenges. Here, we report a novel rapid response and self-powered terahertz photothermoelectronic (PTE) photodetector based on a low-dimensional material: palladium selenide (PdSe₂). An order of magnitude performance enhancement was observed in photodetection based on PdSe₂/graphene heterojunction that resulted from the integration of graphene and enhanced the Seebeck effect. Under 0.1-THz and 0.3-THz irradiations, the device displays a stable and repeatable photoresponse at room temperature without bias. Furthermore, rapid rise (5.0 μs) and decay (5.4 μs) times are recorded under 0.1-THz irradiation. Our results demonstrate the promising prospect of the detector based on PdSe₂ in terms of air-stable, suitable sensitivity and speed, which may have great application in terahertz detection.     

Enhanced thermoelectric performance of PEDOT:PSS films via ionic liquid post-treatment

Thermoelectric(TE)energy harvesting can effectively convert waste heat into electricity,which is a crucial technology to solve energy concerns.As a promising candidate for energy conversion,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)has gained significant attention owing to its easy doping,high transparency,and solution processability.However,the TE performance of PEDOT:PSS still needs to be further enhanced.Herein,different approaches have been applied for tuning the TE properties:(i)direct dipping PEDOT:PSS thin films in ionic liquid;(ii)post-treatment of the films with concentrated sulfuric acid(H₂SO₄),and then dipping in ionic liquid.Besides,the same bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide(TFSI)anion and different cation salts,including 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium(EMIM+)and lithium(Li+),are selected to study the influence of varying cation types on the TE properties of PEDOT:PSS.The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS film treated with H2SO4EMIM:TFSI increase simultaneously,and the resulting maximum power factor is 46.7μW·m^-1·K^-2,which may be attributed to the ionic liquid facilitating the rearrangement of the molecular chain of PEDOT.The work provides a reference for the development of organic films with high TE properties.     

基于改进模糊层次分析法的茶园土壤肥力评价

Chang, Da-Yong提出的模糊层次分析法存在排序错误和权重失真的问题,针对这些问题,结合分割法和极限法,提出新的模糊三角数比较算法。这一算法满足V(M_2≥M_1)+V(M_2M_1)=1和当M_2=M_1时,V(M_2≥M_1)=0.5的统计规律,解决了排序错误的问题.此外,本文提出了新的权重算法,解决了权重失真的问题.最后,将改进后的模糊层次分析法用于茶园土壤肥力的评价中.结果显示,这一方法能够将决策者的模糊判断清晰化,如实地反映决策者的判断,并最终确定不同茶园的土壤肥力水平.     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中西咪替丁的不确定度评定

对高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中西咪替丁含量的测量不确定度进行评定。建立高效液相色谱法测定西咪替丁的不确定度数学模型,分析影响测量不确定度的主要因素,包括标准储备溶液配制、系列标准工作溶液配制、样品处理、标准曲线拟合、仪器和测量重复性,计算合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定。该方法测量不确定度主要来源于系列标准溶液的配制,其次为标准曲线的拟合、标准储备溶液的配制和样品处理。当化妆品中西咪替丁的质量分数为485.36μg/g时,扩展不确定度为20.96μg/g (k=2,置信区间P=95%)。     

对羟基苯乙酮分子印迹聚合物的制备及性能研究

采用分子印迹技术,以对羟基苯乙酮为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,合成了对模板分子对羟基苯乙酮具有良好选择性的印迹聚合物.通过静态平衡结合法以及Scatchard分析法研究了该聚合物的结合能力和选择性能.结果表明,该印迹聚合物平衡离解常数Kd=0.415 mmol/L,最大表观结合量Qmax=144.79 μmol/g.红外光谱研究表明聚合物中存在着与模板分子相互作用的特征基团.     

一种测定橡胶杨氏模量的方法

大学物理测量金属杨氏模量实验通常采用拉伸法和梁弯曲法, 但是该种方法在进行实验的过程中存在 设备难以调节, 读数存在误差, 实验的成本较高等缺点. 而且该设备对测量非金属的杨氏模量无法操作. 为了使该实 验问题具体化, 实验仪器简单化, 实验现象明显可靠, 本文介绍了一种测量非金属杨氏模量的简易实验装置     

基于1HNMR给药赭石后大鼠尿液的代谢组学分析

基于1H NMR 的代谢组学方法结合多变量数据分析方法(主成分分析和偏最小二乘判别分析)对灌胃给药赭石(2,5和10 g/ kg 体重剂量)的成年 Wistar 大鼠尿液进行分析,并对大鼠给药前1天、给药后1~5天尿液1 H NMR 数据进行单变量比较分析,筛选出赭石的潜在特征代谢物,对赭石引起的代谢变化进行研究,为赭石的科学用药提供依据。结果表明,大鼠体内柠檬酸、牛磺酸、肌酸酐、α-酮戊二酸、琥珀酸、二甲基甘氨酸等代谢物浓度发生明显变化,随给药时间的变化出现恢复趋势,且恢复趋势与给药剂量相关,可作为赭石的潜在特征代谢物。给药2,5和10 g/ kg 体重剂量赭石降低了大鼠机体三羧酸循环能力,影响了能量、肌酸及二甲基甘氨酸的代谢,且10 g/ kg 体重剂量赭石对大鼠肝功能造成一定影响。     

完备流形上拉普拉斯算子的L2特征形式

本文研究了完备非紧流行上拉普拉斯算子的L²特征形式.利用应力能量张量的方法,得到在此类流形上拉普拉斯算子的L²特征形式的一些不存在性定理。