Magnetic and Crystalline Microstructures of Fe-Pt-B Nanocomposite Ribbons

We investigate magnetic and crystalline microstructures of melt-spun (Fe0.675Pt0.325)100-xBx (x=12, 14, 16, 18,20) nanocomposite ribbons after optimal thermal treatment using a magnetic force microscope. The magnetic microstructures are characterized by darker spots adjacent to brighter ones in a sub-micro scale and in random distribution. It is found that the strength of the exchange coupling interaction between the crystals in the 10-100 nm scale, implied by the maximum value (δM)max of the Henkel plot, could be roughly described by the ratio of the average width of the magnetic spots w^- to the average crystal size D^- for the ribbons. Moreover, we find that the intrinsic coercivity jHc of the ribbons is sensitive to their crystal sizes, and the smaller D^-, the higher jHc. Finally, by using roughness analysis, the curve of the root mean square values (δФ)rms of the phase shift of the magnetic force images versus the boron content x is obtained, which is qualitatively consistent with that of the magnetization σ12 kOe of the ribbons versus x.     

Magnetic domain structures of precipitation-hardened SmCo 2：17-type sintered magnets： Heat treatment effect

The typical magnetic domains of Sm（CObalFe0.25Cuo.07Zr0.02）7.4 magnets quenched through various heattreatment steps have been revealed by using magnetic force microscopy （MFM）. For the specimens in which the nominal c-axis is perpendicular to the imaging plane, the domain configurations change from plate-like for the as-sintered magnet to corrugation and spike-like for the homogenized one, and then to a coarse and finally to a finer domain structure when isothermally aged at 830℃ and then annealed at 400℃. However, only plate-like domains can be detected on the surfaces with the nominal c-axis parallel to the imaging plane. The finer domain （so-called interaction domain） is a characteristic magnetic domain pattern of the SmCo 2：IT-type magnets with high coercivities. Domain walls in a zigzag shape are revealed by means of MFM in final bulk SraCo 2：17-type sintered magnets.     

CGNS API和FVM在非结构混合网格计算中的应用

用CGNS API（CFD General Notation System Application Programming Interface）作为非结构混合网格求解器的前处理和后处理，用FVM（Finite Volume Method）作为偏微分方程求解方法．在前处理过程中，用hash表法对内部网格面和边界网格面进行编号，并计算出相应的几何信息，以满足FVM求解器的需要．从FVM求解器计算出来的各种场信息可以写入原来的CGNS文件，该文件可以被许多专业商业后处理软件（如Tecplot，Fluent，CFX等）读取和进行可视化；对于求解器，用基于网格中心的FVM及SIMPLEC（Semi Implicit Methodfor Pressure Linked Equation Consistent）方法求解压力速度耦合．最后给出两个说明算例．     

双合金结合速凝工艺制备烧结NdFeB研究

采用速凝工艺制备了主相合金铸片,由其微观形貌分析可见,富Nd相呈薄层状均匀分布在主相晶界处。XRD分析表明铸带形成了明显的取向织构。使用普通熔炼方法熔炼几种不同成分的辅相合金。将主相合金与辅相合金配比,运用双合金法工艺制备出烧结NdFeB磁体。研究表明Pr替代Nd有利于提高磁体的剩磁。     

Hot deformation in nanocrystalline Ndben Feben B backward extruded rings

Radially oriented Nd-Fe-B rings are prepared by backward extrusion of fine grained melt-spun powder. Melt-spun powder with the nominal composition of Nd_30.5Fe_bal.Co_6.0Ga_0.6Al_0.2B_0.9 (wt%) is used as starting material. The effects of process variables, such as deformation temperature (T_d), strain rate (ε) and height reduction (Δh%), on the magnetic properties of the rings are investigated. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy spectrum device is used to study the metallograph and microfracture of the extruded rings. The B_r and (BH)_max reach the optimum values at T_d=800℃, ε =0.01 mm/s, and Δh% =70%. It is found by SEM observations that the particle boundaries, which seemingly correspond to the interfaces of the starting melt-spun powders, emerge after the corrosion of metallography specimens. This is helpful for studying the effects of powder-powder interface on the local deformation and deformation homogeneity in the rings. For different spatial positions of the extruded rings, there are characteristic metallographies and microfractures. The upper end of the rings has the least deformation and worst texture, and therefore the worst magnetic properties. The magnetic properties in the radial direction increase slightly along the axis from the bottom to the middle, then steeply decrease at the upper end of the ring. The deformation and the formation-of-texturing processes are discussed. The deformation and the texturing formation of melt-spun Nd-Fe-B alloys probably involve grain boundary sliding and grain rotation, the solution-precipitation process and preferential growth of Nd₂Fe₁₄B nanograins along the easy growth a-axis.     

Magnetic Microstructures of PryFe90－yB10 （y = 8－11.76） Nanocrystalline Ribbons Using Magnetic Force Microscopy ＊

Magnetic microstructure of melt-spun PryFe90-yB10 (y = 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10 and 11.76) nanocrystalline ribbons in an as-grown state has been studied using a magnetic force microscope. The magnetic domains are characterized by dark areas adjacent to bright areas in a sub-micron scale and in random distribution. By comparing with the size of the micro-crystals measured from the TEM image, the exchange coupling effect was confirmed to exist inall the ribbons. Using the roughness analysis, the variation of the root mean-square values of the phase shifts obtained from the magnetic force images versus the content y of Pr were measured, which is very consistent with the curve of the residual induction Bγ versus the content y.     

回火温度对晶界添加烧结钕铁硼磁体结构演变及磁性提升机理的影响EI北大核心CSCD

采用晶界添加的方法制备了添加Tb65Cu35的烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体,研究了回火温度对晶界添加磁体微结构演变规律及磁性能的影响,并对其性能提升机制进行了分析。结果表明：经910℃一级回火2 h,460℃二级回火2 h的磁体性能最佳,获得了Br=14.14 k Gs,Hcj=12.31 k Oe,(BH)max=47.89 MGOe的磁性能,回火后的磁体的矫顽力从10.21 k Oe提升到12.31 k Oe,增加了约20%,剩磁基本保持不变。矫顽力的提升主要归因于硬磁的(Nd,Tb)-Fe-B壳层以及连续晶界层的形成。通过一阶反转曲线(FORC)对不同回火条件下样品的磁化反转过程进行了分析,可以发现最差回火态晶界添加磁体中有两个峰,然而,最佳回火态的晶界添加磁体只有一个明显的峰,表现出明显的相互作用的单畴晶粒特性,表明最佳回火态磁体内核壳之间具有强的耦合相互作用。     

高矫顽力HDDR各向同性Nd-Dy-Fe-Co-B黏结磁体的磁性能与微结构

研究了添加微量元素Co和Dy对HDDR工艺制备各向同性Nd-Dy-Fe-Co-B粘结磁体磁性能的影响. 结果表明, (Nd_0.65Dy_0.35)12.5(Fe_0.9Co_0.1)₈₁B_6.5磁体的内禀矫顽力H_cj高达1.53 MA·m^-1,剩磁的可逆温度系数为-0.059%/℃（25～155℃）. 使磁体具有高矫顽力、低温度系数的原因一方面是由于Dy和Co的加入提高了硬磁性相的各向异性场和T_C温度,另一方面是由于材料显微结构的改善.     

(NdDy)(FeAl)B速凝带的热处理对磁体的性能和微结构的影响

采用旋淬非晶带作为液相,而将主相母合金速凝带进行热处理后,不仅使烧结NdFeB磁体的微观形貌和磁性能显著改善,还调整了速凝带主相和富钕相的计量成分比。结果表明:双合金法烧结工艺要求比普通工艺更高的烧结温度和较短的烧结时间。速凝带经热处理后,磁体的内禀矫顽力jHc和磁能积(BH)max分别由718和285kJ·m-3提高到87和360kJ·m-3。将改进工艺后得到的速凝带进行热处理后,磁能积(BH)max达到392kJ·m-3。     

纳米Nd2Fe14B永磁材料的有效各向异性随晶粒尺寸的变化

以纳米Nd2Fe14B硬磁材料为例, 从Herzer的随机各向异性理论出发, 采用立方体晶粒结构模型, 建立了纳米硬磁性晶粒之间的部分交换耦合模型, 研究了材料的有效各向异性随晶粒尺寸的变化关系.结果表明: 晶粒之间的交换耦合相互作用随晶粒尺寸的减小而增强, 材料的有效各向异性Keff随晶粒尺寸的减小逐渐下降. Keff随晶粒尺寸的变化规律与矫顽力的变化规律基本相似, 纳米Nd2Fe14B硬磁材料矫顽力的下降主要由有效各向异性的减小引起.