Behavior and process of background signal formation of hydrogen,carbon, nitrogen,and oxygen in silicon wafers during depth profiling using dual-beam TOF-SIMS

The behavior and mechanism of background signals during depth profiling of atmospheric elements using dual-beam time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) have been experimentally investigated for silicon wafers. The background signals of atmospheric elements were found to be inversely proportional to the sputtering rate. Most of the background signals are largely attributable to the accumulation of components through adsorption and ion bombardment in the pre-equilibrium state. On the other hand, the contribution of real-time adsorption during the instant after the last sputtering in the equilibrium state is negligible under the present experimental conditions. H₂O is dominant in the background formation process of hydrogen and oxygen, which is supported by the higher adsorption coefficients. The background levels of carbon and nitrogen are lower than those of hydrogen and oxygen. Furthermore, the background signal of carbon with respect to the sputtering rate shows a different trend than the other elements. This could be attributed to accumulation in the pre-equilibrium state. These results indicate that the background levels can be lowered close to those of dynamic-SIMS by using an extremely high sputtering rate in dual-beam TOF-SIMS.     

Superconductivity and unconventional density waves in vanadium-based kagome materials AV3Sb5

Recently, the discovery of vanadium-based kagome metal AV₃Sb₅ (A= K, Rb, Cs) has attracted great interest in the field of superconductivity due to the coexistence of superconductivity, non-trivial surface state and multiple density waves. In this topical review, we present recent works of superconductivity and unconventional density waves in vanadium-based kagome materials AV₃Sb₅. We start with the unconventional charge density waves, which are thought to correlate to the time-reversal symmetry-breaking orders and the unconventional anomalous Hall effects in AV₃Sb₅. Then we discuss the superconductivity and the topological band structure. Next, we review the competition between the superconductivity and charge density waves under different conditions of pressure, chemical doping, thickness, and strains. Finally, the experimental evidence of pseudogap pair density wave is discussed.     

Calcium-based coordination polymers from a solvothermal synthesis of HKUST-1 in 3D printed autoclaves

A mixed-metal 1D coordination polymer [CaCu(HBTC)₂(H2O)₈]_n (where H₃BTC – benzene-1,3,5-tric arboxylic acid) was obtained in a solvothermal synthesis of a well-known copper-containing metal–organic framework [Cu₃(BTC)₂(H₂O)₃]_n (HKUST-1) in autoclaves 3D-printed from commercial polypropylene. This material was a source of calcium ions, apparently, leaking from a colorant (calcium carbonate) promoted by glacial acetic acid as a modulator used to produce large single crystals of HKUST-1. This finding was confirmed by elemental analysis and a model experiment that resulted in a new calcium-based 1D coordination polymer [Ca(H₂BTC)₂(H₂O)₅]_n under the same solvothermal conditions with no copper or calcium salts put into a 3D-printed autoclave.     

一种新型双吡啶悬臂Mn(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及DNA结合能力研究

通过3,3′-((乙烷-1,2-二基双(2-甲基吡啶杂氮二基)双(亚甲基))双(2-羟基-5-甲基苯甲醛)与2-羟基-1,3-丙二胺的缩合反应得到一种具有双吡啶悬臂的双核锰配合物。通过X射线单晶衍射确定了该配合物结构,结果显示其分子式为[Mn₂(C₃₇H₄₃N₆O₆)]·(ClO₄)₂。该配合物属于单斜晶系,P2₁/c空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.096 50(19) nm, b=1.419 5(3) nm, c=3.109 4(5) nm, β=108.153(5)°。进一步分析表明两个二价锰离子分别与(N_amine)₂(N_imine)₂O₃和(N_imine)₂O₄体系配位,它们与配位原子形成的几何构型分别是十面体和扭曲的八面体。两个中心锰离子距离为0.331 6 nm,由酚氧原子和醋酸根共同桥联。另外,本文也利用伏安法和黏度法对该配合物与小牛胸腺DNA的结合能力进行研究,实验结果表明它们之间的结合方式为弱的插入作用。     

The Coordination Chemistry of f-Block Elements in Molten Salts

The coordination chemistry of f-block elements (lanthanide and actinide) in molten salts has become a resounding topic in view of its great importance to the research and development (R&D) of molten salt reactors and pyroprocessing. In this Review article, a general overview of the coordination chemistry of f-block elements in molten salts is provided including past achievements and recent advances. Particular emphases are placed on the oxidation state, speciation, and solution structure of f-block metal ions in molten salts, as well as their relationships with the salt composition. Furthermore, this review briefly discusses the spectroscopic and theoretical methods that complement each other in revealing the coordination properties.     

A nonlinear model for marble sulphation including surface rugosity and mechanical damage

Here we propose and analyze a mathematical model that aims to describe the marble sulphation process occurring in a given material. The model accounts for rugosity as well as for damaging effects. This model is characterized by some technical difficulties that seem hard to overcome from a theoretical viewpoint. Therefore, we introduce some physically reasonable modifications in order to establish the existence of a suitable notion of solution on a given time interval. Numerical simulations are presented and discussed, also in view of further research.     

单层MXene纳米片Ti2N电磁特性的过渡金属(Sc、V、Zr)掺杂效应

二维材料MXene纳米片由于具有较大的比表面积和较高的电子迁移率而受到广泛的关注。本文采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,对单层MXene纳米片Ti₂N电磁特性的过渡金属(Sc、V、Zr)掺杂效应进行了系统研究。结果表明,所有过渡金属掺杂体系结合能均为负值,结构均稳定;其中Ti₂N-Sc体系的形成能为-2.242 eV,结构更易形成,且保持稳定;掺杂后Ti₂N-Sc、Ti₂N-Zr体系磁矩增大;此外,Ti₂N-Sc体系中保留了较高的自旋极化率,达到84.9%,可预测该体系在自旋电子学中具有潜在的应用价值。     

High Blocking Temperature of Magnetization and Giant Coercivity in the Azafullerene Tb2@C79N with a Single‐Electron Terbium–Terbium Bond

The azafullerene Tb₂@C₇₉N is found to be a single‐molecule magnet with a high 100‐s blocking temperature of magnetization of 24 K and large coercivity. Tb magnetic moments with an easy‐axis single‐ion magnetic anisotropy are strongly coupled by the unpaired spin of the single‐electron Tb?Tb bond. Relaxation of magnetization in Tb₂@C₇₉N below 15 K proceeds via quantum tunneling of magnetization with the characteristic time τ_QTM=16 462±1230 s. At higher temperature, relaxation follows the Orbach mechanism with a barrier of 757±4 K, corresponding to the excited states, in which one of the Tb spins is flipped.