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Lunar dust is one of the most threatening problems confronting the return of human beings to the moon. In this work we studied the spatial distribution behavior of charged lunar dust in the solar wind plasma environment in the south polar region of the moon and considered the influence of a mini-crater using Spacecraft Plasma Interactions Software. The distribution of dust and plasma at low solar altitude angles of 20° and 0° was studied, and the spatial density of lunar dust was ~1010.4 m-3 and ~1011.5 m-3, respectively. This is because a higher surface potential will result in transportation of small dust particles and photoelectrons can also neutralize positively charged lunar dust. The dust density in the plasma void region created by a mini-crater with a 5 m high wall was studied. We obtained a quasi-neutral electric environment in the plasma void region of the mini-crater, and the dust density was about a magnitude lower than that in other regions. The dust risk to a spacesuit is much lower on the nightside than on the dayside, but there is severe charged lunar dust transport in the region between light and shade, which is dominated by the difference in surface and plasma potential caused by photoelectrons. 相似文献
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以浮动催化化学气相沉积致密超薄碳纳米管薄膜(CNTF)为基体,通过两步酸处理使薄膜内制备的碳纳米管(CNT)分开并赋予其活性官能团,CNTF由超疏水转变为超亲水性,然后在CNT表面生长均匀的前驱体包覆层,离子进入超亲水薄膜内部确保了高负载量,最后进行液相硫化制得NiCo_2S_4@碳纳米管构筑柔性薄膜(NiCo_2S_4@CNTF)电极。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射等对产物进行了表征,证明优化产物为NiCo_2S_4均匀包覆多壁CNT构筑而成的三维网状柔性复合薄膜,单根CNT的表面是NiCo_2S_4纳米粒子构成、厚度约70 nm的粗糙包覆层。该复合薄膜比电容达到270.3 mF·cm-2,即使在高电流密度2.5 mA·cm-2下充放电循环10 000次后仍保持很好的可逆性,电容保持率达93%,库伦效率持续稳定在92%附近;重复大变形(弯曲、折叠、卷曲)后能保持结构完整性和性能稳定性。同时,探讨了电化学性能与结构间的关系,并揭示了性能增强的内在机理。 相似文献
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Transparent, flexible electronic skin holds a wide range of applications in robotics, humanmachine interfaces, artificial intelligence, prosthetics, and health monitoring. Silver nanowire are mechanically flexible and robust, which exhibit great potential in transparent and electricconducting thin film. Herein, we report on a silver-nanowire spray-coating and electrodemicrostructure replicating strategy to construct a transparent, flexible, and sensitive electronic skin device. The electronic skin device shows highly sensitive piezo-capacitance response to pressure. It is found that micropatterning the surface of dielectric layer polyurethane elastomer by replicating from microstructures of natural-existing surfaces such as lotus leaf, silk, and frosted glass can greatly enhance the piezo-capacitance performance of the device. The microstructured pressure sensors based on silver nanowire exhibit good transparency, excellent flexibility, wide pressure detection range (0-150 kPa), and high sensitivity (1.28 kPa-1). 相似文献