光纤位移干涉仪在爆轰加载飞片速度测量中的应用

利用光学多普勒效应和外差方法搭建了一台光纤位移干涉仪。装置采用光通信行业中已经发展成熟的器件,主要由带尾纤的半导体激光器、三端口环形器、光纤探头、宽带探测器以及宽带高采样率示波器等构成。整个装置结构简单,价格便宜,采用了信号光和参考光同轴结构,实现了任意反射面的速度测量,克服了偏振模式色散的影响,能够实现长量程测量,量程达到20 mm。利用该装置进行了爆轰加载下飞片速度测量,测量最高速度达到1 300 m/s,工作距离达到20 mm,同时利用VISAR对飞片速度进行了对比测量,结果表明用两种不同方法所测得的速度曲线吻合很好。     

简支圆板的非轴对称热弯曲

由于热弹性耦合问题的复杂性, 能得到解析解的主要是轴对称问题和比较简单的问题.利用Green函数, 根据双调和方程边值问题的边界积分公式和自然边界积分方程.在简支板的非轴对称问题的基础上,利用傅立叶级数及卷积的几个公式,求得了非轴对称变温边界条件下圆板的弯曲解,有较好的收敛速度和计算精度,计算过程相对简单.算例表明了方法的有效性.     

介质条件对玻璃表面吸附溶液中241Am(Ⅲ)的影响

在放化分析中,容器器壁对镅的吸附损失较为严重。为了查明玻璃器表面吸附^241Am（Ⅲ）的影响因素,寻找减小或避免镅在器壁上吸附损失的方法,以及为今后探讨镅在容器壁上的化学行为提供实验依据,本文用玻璃微球模拟玻璃器壁,研究了不同溶液介质条件下玻璃表面对^241Am（Ⅲ）的吸附。     

一种点光源的自适应束斑X射线衍射仪的研制

为同时实现微米量级待测区域和毫米量级待测区域的物相分析,以及对表面不平整样品准确的物相分析,本实验室结合X射线衍射技术、CCD相机成像技术和毛细管微会聚X光调控技术,研制了一款能根据待测区域大小自适应调节照射X射线束斑直径的点光源X射线衍射仪Hawk-Ⅱ,其主要组成包括X射线源系统、六维联动运动系统、CCD相机、X射线探测系统和基于LabVIEW的软件控制系统.为验证设备的可行性,对表面不平整的人民币五角硬币进行分析,发现Hawk-Ⅱ测得的衍射图与标准PDF卡基本一致,而帕纳科X-Pert Pro MPD测得的衍射图最大偏移角度高达0.52°.对清代红绿彩瓷白釉和表面镀Cu,Fe的纳米材料采用不同直径的X射线束进行分析,发现白釉的晶体分布较为均匀,而纳米材料的表面镀膜不均匀.应用Hawk-Ⅱ分析一片西汉青铜,根据其锈蚀点的大小自适应调节照射X射线束斑直径,从而实现了物相的精确分析.由分析结果可知,Hawk-Ⅱ不仅拥有准确分析不规则样品的能力,而且拥有从微米级到毫米级待测区域的物相分析能力,并兼具能量色散X射线荧光分析功能,在诸多领域具有广泛的应用前景.     

Synthetical optimization of the structure dimension for the thermoacoustic regenerator

The quantitative investigation of parameters in the renegerator is essential for the optimization of thermoacoustic devices, while the majority of the previous research only considered parameters of the working field, working gas and the hydraulic radius. Based on the linear thermoacoustic theory, this paper extracts a normalized parameter for low-amplitude conditions, which is called the regenerator operation factor. By extracting the regenerator operation factor and relative hydraulic radius, the influence of frequency on the efficiency can be controlled and offset. It can be found that thermoacoustic devices with different frequencies can perform the same efficiency by adjusting the radius in proportion to the axial length. Finally, this paper synthetically optimizes the dimension of the thermoacoustic regenerator by taking the regenerator operation factor, relative hydraulic radius and acoustic field parameter as variables. Conclusions in this paper are of great significance for explaining the best working conditions of engines and directing the miniaturization and optimal design of thermoacoustic devices.     

Beam steering characteristics in high-power quantum-cascade lasers emitting at∼4.6µm

A beam steering effect of high-power quantum cascade(QC) lasers emitting at 4.6 μm was investigated. The continuous wave(CW) output power of an uncoated, 6-mm-long, 7.5-μm-wide buried-heterostructure QC laser at 25℃ was as high as 854.2 m W. The maximum beam steering angle was offset by ±14.2° from the facet normal(0°) in pulsed mode. The phenomenon was judged explicitly by combining the diffraction limit theory and Fourier transform of the spectra. It was also verified by finite element method software simulation and the calculation of two-dimensional(2 D)effective-index model. The observed steering is consistent with a theory for coherence between the two lowest order lateral modes. Therefore, we have established an intrinsic linkage between the spectral instabilities and the beam steering by using the Fourier transform of the spectra, and further presented an extremely valid method to judge the beam steering. The content of this method includes both three equidistant peak positions in the Fourier transform of the spectra and the beam quality located between once the diffraction limit(DL) and twice the DL.     

V2（SO4）3的制备及其在固体钒电池中的应用

以V2O5为原料,利用电解还原方法制备三价钒电解液,此电解液蒸发结晶后得到的V2（SO4）3固体,可组装成固体钒电池。固体钒电池在5 mA/cm2时电池的能量效率可达94.00%,比液流钒电池高出6%;其能量密度为54.18 Wh/kg,是液流钒电池的两倍。充放电实验结果表明,所制备V2（SO4）3固体电化学活性高,所用固体钒电池有望应用于移动电源和动力汽车。     

全钒液流电池碳电极材料的研究进展

近年来,全钒液流电池作为一种大规模储能装置,其电极材料得到了广泛的研究,并且获得了一定的进展.本文简述了全钒液流电池对电极材料的要求,综述了其电极材料的研究进展,重点介绍了碳电极及其改性方面的工作,并对其电极材料的发展趋势进行了展望.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定可食性包装材料中3种工业酸性红染料

提出了高效液相色谱法同时测定可食性包装材料中3种工业酸性红染料(酸性红14、酸性红35和酸性红73)的方法。样品经超声波辅助提取,以C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)为固定相,用10mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液和甲醇以不同比例混合的溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,用紫外检测器测定。3种酸性红染料的质量浓度均在5.0~80mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.08~0.15mg·kg-1之间。在10.0,20.0,30.0mg·L-1等3个浓度水平进行加标回收试验,回收率在89.4%~97.1%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.18%~1.6%之间。