循环载荷下砂质土的本构模型

提出了一个描述砂质土循环载荷条件下主要特性的本构模型，并且采用不同围压下多种加载途径的土力学实验确定了模型中的待定材料常数，由本构模型的增量工数值积分计算所得到的理论曲线与不同应力路径下实验曲线十分接近，经实验验证这种本构模型能广泛地应用土工问题的弹－塑性有限元分析中。     

THE REFORM OF TEACHING CONTENT FOR THE COURSE OF FOUNDATION SETTLEMENT

对地基土沉降计算的课程内容提出改革思路,从讨论土体固结度的角度展开,进而引出最终沉降量的计算,最终引出不同的试验方法和压缩性指标。新的教学思路将土力学固结沉降的基本理论与实践应用进行合理的区隔,既能保证基本理论的纯粹性、合理性,也不回避实践中土体复杂 性质对理论进一步发展和丰富所提出的挑战。     

准饱和土体中圆形衬砌对弹性波的散射

采用Vardoulakis和Beskos提出的准饱和土体的波动控制方程,根据Helmholtz矢量分解定理,得到了准饱和土中P1波(快压缩波)、P2波(慢压缩波)和S波(剪切波)的波数的势函数表达式.将准饱和土体和圆形衬砌视为各向同性的均质体,运用波函数展开法将入射波、散射波和折射波的势函数展开成Fourier-Bessel函数的级数形式,根据准饱和土体与衬砌边界处应力和位移连续及衬砌内完全自由的边界条件,得到了平面P1波入射下,准饱和土体内深埋圆形衬砌的散射系数和折射系数的理论解,通过数值计算分析了饱和度对准饱和土体和衬砌的DSCF(动应力集中因子)及准饱和土体的PPCF(孔压集中因子)的影响规律,结果表明:准饱和土体的DSCF随着饱和度的增大而减小,衬砌的DSCF基本不受饱和度的影响,而准饱和土体的PPCF则随着饱和度的增大而增大.     

横观各向同性饱和地基上中厚圆板的非轴对称振动

研究横观各向同性饱和土地基上中厚弹性圆板的非轴对称振动问题。基于横观各向同性饱和介质Biot波动方程的一般解,按混合边值问题建立了饱和地基与弹性中厚圆板非轴对称动力相互作用的对偶积分方程,并将对偶积分方程转化为易于计算的第二类Fredholm积分方程;采用数值方法求解该积分方程。数值算例结果表明,当h/a>0.05时,饱和半空间体上中厚度圆板在不同频率下的振动特性与相应频率下的刚性板的振动特性基本相同,当h/a<0.05时,板中心的位移将随h/a的减小而增大。     

剪切模量是幂函数的成层土的地震随机反应

基于改进的一维剪切梁模型，对剪切模量是其深度的某一幂函数的成层非均质土层，得到其稳态动力响应的封闭型解析表达式。首次证明了这种土层振型函数的正交性，然后利用随机振动理论，并基于基岩输入地震加速度的功率谱密度函数：白噪声谱和过滤白噪声谱。研究了该土层对地震的随机动力响应问题。计算结果表明，1)在基岩输入地震加速度的功率谱为白噪声谱的情况下，土层的最大期望反应均有别于过滤白噪声谱时的相应值；2)平稳输入与输出过高地估计了土层的随机响应。     

高速荷载下多孔饱和地基的动力响应

研究高速荷载作用下梁与多孔饱和半空间的动力响应。由Fourier变换求解多孔饱和固体的动力基本方程，根据梁与半空间的接触条件得出多孔饱和半空间上梁的垂直位移的表达式。文中的数值算例考虑了荷载移动速度对梁的动力位移的影响，并与相应的弹性半空间问题作了对比。从算例中可以发现荷载移动速度对动力位移有很大的影响，当移动速度与半空间的表面波速相近时，地面会当产生很大的振动，同时还发现当速度大于介质的剪切波速时，多孔饱和半空间上梁的动力响应与弹性半空间上梁的动力响应有很大的差别。     

Effects of NAPL Contaminants on the Permeability of a Soil‐Bentonite Slurry Wall Material

Soilbentonite slurry walls are designed to inhibit the subsurface movement of contaminants from hazardous waste sites. Although it is generally accepted that high concentrations of organic compounds will adversely affect soilbentonite slurry walls and clay liners, previous research investigating the effects of NAPLs on the conductivity of clay wall materials has been inconclusive. In this study the effects of various organics (benzene, aniline, trichloroethylene, ethylene dichloride, methylene chloride) on the effective conductivity of a typical soilbentonite slurry wall material were studied under two effective stress conditions, 200 and 52kPa. The hydraulic conductivity for the soilbentonite material permeated with water averaged 1.52×10^-8cms^-1. Compared to water, there was little change in conductivity when the sample was permeated with a solution containing a NAPL compound at its solubility limit, except for aniline. However, there was a one to two order of magnitude decrease in conductivity when the sample was permeated with a pure NAPL for all NAPLs tested. When the soilbentonite material was permeated with a water/NAPL/water/NAPL sequence, the conductivity decreased one to two orders of magnitude when a NAPL was introduced following water; however, when water was reintroduced after the NAPL, the conductivity increased to the initial hydraulic conductivity. The conductivity again decreased one to two orders of magnitude when the NAPL was reintroduced. This trend occurred for all NAPLs tested, and the fluid properties of the NAPL compounds alone did not account for the decrease in conductivity compared to water.     

水泥与生石灰处理吹填土对比试验研究

吹填土是由水力吹填形成的,颗粒很细,固结性能差,吹填以后要经过很长时间才能自然沉积固结,待表面形成硬壳后方可进行加固处理,因此,缩短沉积固结时间,使吹填土尽快地从泥浆状态转变为具有一定承载力的地基,是亟待解决的问题。在室内进行模拟加固方法的沉降柱试验,对吹填土加添固化剂以加速其沉积固结。固化剂主要选用水泥和生石灰,对两种添加方式的机理及固结效果进行详尽的分析和研究,初步找出加固效果产生差异的原因,从而揭示其固化机理,为吹填土地基的加固提供一种更加经济可行的方法。     

有限厚度砂床对波浪载荷的响应

本文采用水-土两相介质混合物的连续介质力学理论分析了有限厚度砂床对波浪载荷的响应。土床看作饱和孔隙弹性介质,用Biot理论来描述流动和变形的耦合效应,波浪用线性水波描述。在上述假设下得到了描述土床对波浪载荷响应的基本方程。用解沂-数值方法给出了土床中位移、应力和孔隙水压力的分布并将理沦计算结果与波浪-砂床模型试验的实验资料进行了比较。文章还对影响土床对波浪响应的参量特性进行了分析和讨论。根据参量研究、理论计算与实验资料比较的结果,可以得出结论:本文所提供的理论模型和计算方法能用来估算海床对波浪载荷的影响。     

STRUCTURAL DAMAGE MODEL OF UNSATURATED EXPANSIVE SOIL AND ITS APPLICATION IN MULTI-FIELD COUPLE ANALYSIS ON EXPANSIVE SOIL SLOPE

Focused on the sensitivity to climate change and the special mechanical characteristics of undisturbed expansive soil, an elastc-plastic damage constitutive model was proposed based on the mechanics of unsaturated soil and the mechanics of damage. Undisturbed expansive soil was considered as a compound of non-damaged part and damaged part. The behavior of the non-damaged part was described using non-linear constitutive model of unsaturated soil. The property of the damaged part was described using a damage evolution equation and two yield surfaces, i.e., loading yield (LY) and shear yield (SY). Furthermore, a consolidation model for unsaturated undisturbed expansive soil was established and a FEM program named UESEPDC was designed. Numerical analysis on solid-liquid-gas tri-phases and multi-field couple problem was conducted for four stages and fields of stress, displacement, pore water pressure, pore air pressure, water content, suction, and the damage region as well as plastic region in an expansive soil slope were obtained.