电化学法制备石墨烯及其复合材料

石墨烯是一种具有优异物理和化学性质的新型二维碳纳米材料,大规模低成本制备高品质石墨烯的方法是其能够得到广泛实际应用的重要前提. 电化学方法可以快捷、绿色无污染、批量制备高质量的石墨烯及其复合材料. 本综述在对石墨烯各种制备方法进行简要比较之后,对近年来石墨烯、石墨烯/无机纳米复合材料、石墨烯/聚合物复合材料以及类石墨烯材料的电化学法制备进展进行介绍并作了展望.     

HB-FRP加固混凝土结构的粘结滑移统一模型

为了进一步简化HB-FRP(hybrid bonding FRP)加固技术的粘结滑移模型, 并基于先期研究的HB-FRP粘结滑移分区模型开展研究.在假定HB-FRP加固技术的粘结滑移统一模型表达式的基础上,推导了钢扣件部位的粘结应力分布系数.将HB-FRP加固作用分为普通FRP粘结性能和钢扣件产生的粘结性能两部分,依据能量方法,推导了FRP张拉力与滑移量的表达式.基于理论分析和数值求解,研究了界面滑移量的分布特征.基于模型试验测试结果,研究了粘结滑移统一模型中的待定系数表达式.研究结果表明:建立的HB-FRP加固混凝土结构的粘结滑移统一模型能有效预测加固界面的剥离承载力及有效粘结长度.     

剥离-共组装法制备葫芦素插层类水滑石纳米杂化物

采用剥离-共组装法制备了电中性疏水药物葫芦素(CA)插层类水滑石(HTlc)纳米杂化物. 先用胆酸钠(Ch)包覆修饰葫芦素, 再与剥离的HTlc薄片共组装, 形成CA-Ch-HTlc纳米杂化物. 采用小角X射线散射、 傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱、 透射和扫描电子显微镜、 Zeta电位和元素分析等技术对样品进行了表征. 所制备纳米杂化物的载药量达到7.06%, 表明该方法可以实现电中性疏水药物在HTlc上的有效负载. 依据胆酸离子和葫芦素尺寸及纳米杂化物通道高度推测, 胆酸离子在HTlc层间为双层排列, 其长轴几乎垂直于HTlc层板; 葫芦素分子插入(或“溶入”)胆酸离子双层中. CA-Ch-HTlc纳米杂化物具有良好的药物缓释效果, 其药物释放过程符合准二级动力学方程.     

钢板-混凝土组合加固钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元分析

以10根采用钢板-混凝土组合加固技术加固的钢筋混凝土梁的试验为基础,建立了钢板-混凝土组合加固钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元模型.沿用了钢板-混凝土组合梁有限元分析中栓钉的荷载-滑移曲线及断裂模型,提出了新老混凝土界面的剪切-滑移模型,可以较好地模拟界面受力性能.采用有限元软件ABAQUS,模拟了一次加固、不同损伤加固及持载加固等加载情况下加固构件受力全过程和受弯破坏以及新老混凝土剥离破坏等破坏形态下加固试件的受力性能.在验证了有限元模型的准确性后,分析了钢板厚度、加固部分高度及长度等参数对加固构件承载能力及刚度的影响.最后提出了几点对钢板-混凝土组合加固RC梁的设计建议.     

Fracture mechanics analysis on Smart-Cut^R technology. Part 2： Effect of bonding flaws

In Part 2 of the paper on the Smart-Cut process, the effects of bonding flaws characterized by the size and internal pressure before and after splitting are studied by using fracture mechanics models. It is found that the bonding flaws with large size are prone to cause severe deviation of defect growth, leading to a non-transferred area of thin layer when splitting. In a practical Smart-Cut process where the internal pressure of bonding flaws is very small, large interfacial defects always promote defect growth in the splitting process. Meanwhile, increasing the internal pressure of the bonding flaws decreases the defect growth and its deviation before splitting. The mechanism of relaxation of stiffener constraint is proposed to clarify the effect of bonding flaws. Moreover, the progress of the splitting process is analyzed when bonding flaws are present. After splitting, those bonding flaws with large size and high internal pressure are vulnerable for the blistering of the thin film during high-temperature annealing.     

DETERMINATION OF INTERFACIAL MECHANICAL PARAMETERS FOR AN Al/EPOXY/Al2O3 SYSTEM BY USING PEEL TEST SIMULATIONS

Peel test measurements and simulations of the interfacial mechanical parameters for the Al/Epoxy/Al2O3 system are performed in the present investigation. A series of Al film thicknesses between 20 and 250 microns and three peel angles of 90, 135 and 180 degrees are considered. Two types of epoxy adhesives are adopted to obtain both strong and weak interface adhesions. A finite element model with cohesive zone elements is used to identify the interfacial parameters and simulate the peel test process. By simulating and recording normal stress near the crack tip, the separation strength is obtained, Furthermore, the cohesive energy is identified by comparing the simulated steady-state peel force and the experimental result. It is found from the research that both the cohesive energy and the separation strength can be taken as the intrinsic interfacial parameters which are dependent on the thickness of the adhesive layer and independent of the film thickness and peel angle.     

软化学法低温合成超细K2La2Ti3O10及其剥离性质

软化学法低温合成超细K2La2Ti3O10及其剥离性质;软化学法; K2La2Ti3O10 ; 酸交换; 剥离     

尼龙1212/蒙脱土体系在剪切流场中蒙脱土片层剥离机理的研究

在聚合物熔体插层蒙脱土(MMT)过程中,流场的作用使得蒙脱土晶粒表面的片层在超过临界值时发生弯曲,与内核之间形成一楔状,并进一步发生断裂,形成剥离结构.结果表明,合适的流场强度是得到适当大小的片状粒子的关键.     

微孔层状磷酸铝材料的剥离与嵌入研究

用XRD和SEM等手段研究了微孔层状磷酸铝[Al₂P₃O₁₀(OH)₂][C₆NH₈]的剥离和嵌入过程,发现该材料在醇/水溶液中能很好地剥离,形成胶体溶液,并能在一定条件下再结晶形成C₂～C₁₂烷基胺嵌入的层状新材料.当嵌入达到饱和时,有机胺在层间呈双层排列,并与层板成42.6°倾斜角.磷酸铝剥离和嵌入的难易与其层板结构间相互作用的强弱直接相关.     

二硫化钨纳米片制备及其钙钛矿太阳能电池空穴传输层应用

开发新型无机空穴传输层材料是钙钛矿电池实现商业应用的重要挑战之一。本文开展了二硫化钨纳米片制备及其钙钛矿太阳能电池空穴传输层应用研究。采用液相超声剥离法成功制备了WS 2纳米片,并将其引入钙钛矿太阳能电池中用作空穴传输层。结果表明,当WS 2纳米片溶液浓度为1 mg/mL时,制备的WS 2纳米片空穴传输层具有较合适的厚度,并且后续在其上生长的钙钛矿活性层成膜质量高、结晶性能好,电池取得6.3%的光电转换效率。结果证实WS 2纳米片可作为新型无机空穴传输层材料用于钙钛矿太阳能电池。