Difference-frequency ultrasound generation from microbubbles under dual-frequency excitation

The difference-frequency (DF) ultrasound generated by using parametric effect promises to improve detection depth owing to its low attenuation, which is beneficial for deep tissue imaging. With ultrasound contrast agents infusion, the harmonic components scattered from the microbubbles, including DF, can be generated due to the nonlinear vibration. A theoretical study on the DF generation from microbubbles under the dual-frequency excitation is proposed in formula based on the solution of the RPNNP equation. The optimisation of the DF generation is discussed associated with the applied acoustic pressure, frequency, and the microbubble size. Experiments are performed to validate the theoretical predictions by using a dual-frequency signal to excite microbubbles. Both the numerical and experimental results demonstrate that the optimised DF ultrasound can be achieved as the difference frequency is close to the resonance frequency of the microbubble and improve the contrast-to-tissue ratio in imaging.     

冲击压缩载荷下大尺寸混凝土力学响应的数值模拟

利用Ansys/Ls-dyna有限元软件模拟打击气压为0.6、0.8、1.2MPa下大尺寸混凝土的SHPB束杆试验. 试验结果表明, 模拟得到的冲击试验过程中束杆传播的入射、反射及透射应力波信号与实测结果比较, 波形总体吻合较好, 入射波偏差很小, 反射波和透射波差异略大; 打击气压越大, 试样破损速度越快. 数值模拟给出了不同打击气压下大尺寸混凝土破坏形貌变化的规律.     

双波长外腔面发射激光器

双波长激光光源在干涉测量、非线性频率变换产生中红外及太赫兹波段相干辐射等方面有重要的应用.外腔面发射激光器具有输出功率高、光束质量好、发射波长可设计等突出优势,非常适合用于双波长的产生.用有源区为In0.185Ga0.815As/GaAs应变多量子阱、设计波长为960 nm,以及有源区为In0.26Ga0.74As/GaAsP0.02应变多量子阱、设计波长为1080 nm的两块半导体增益芯片,在一个共线Y型谐振腔中,获得了激光波长分别为953 nm和1100 nm的双波长输出,对应光谱线宽为1.1 nm和2.7 nm,波长间隔147 nm.室温下,每块增益芯片的抽运吸收功率均为5.8 W时,双波长激光器总的输出功率达到293 mW.     

基于智能手机磁性传感器测量重力加速

介绍了利用智能手机测量重力加速度的方法.该方法利用智能手机的磁性传感器和Sensor Kinetics App研究了双线摆的运动规律,通过Sensor Kinetics App绘制出"磁场强度-时间"图像,通过该图像计算出振动周期,并使用Origin对振动周期和摆长使用最小二乘法进行线性拟合处理,最终通过拟合直线斜率求出重力加速度.     

甘肃某复杂铌稀土矿石矿物学及选矿工艺特性研究

为探索甘肃某复杂铌稀土矿石的开发利用价值,为资源综合评价提供基础数据和重要依据,利用MLA, SEM, XRF, ICP等先进的检测手段结合显微镜鉴定、单矿物提纯、矿物物理化学性质研究等工艺矿物学研究方法,对该矿石进行矿物学特性和选矿工艺特性研究。研究表明:该矿石属碱性花岗岩型铌稀土锆矿石,有用矿物种类繁多,嵌布粒度微细,嵌布关系复杂;有用矿物与脉石矿物磁性分区和比重差别明显;从原矿中分选稀土矿物、铌矿物和锆石,理论回收率分别为66.97%, 69.95%和82.64%。采用阶段磨矿阶段选别,磁选为主重选为辅,浮选扫尾的选矿分离原则流程,可实现有价金属综合回收和尾矿综合利用。     

Stationary Fluid Dynamic Behaviour of V-Shaped Diffuser/Nozzle Elements for Valveless Micropump

A novel type of V-shaped （isosceles triangle cross-section） diffuser/nozzle element is proposed for use for valveless micropump. Stationary fluid dynamic behaviour of V-shaped diffuser/nozzle elements in a valveless micropump is investigated by experiment and simulation. Both the results agree well with each other when the Reynolds number is higher than 100 and the pressure loss coefficient ratio of micropump nearly always keeps a constant. For a single V-shaped diffuser, the general trends of variation of pressure loss coefficient with opening angle and Reynolds number are opposite in small and large angles. Compared with conical and flat-wall diffusers, V-shaped diffuser shows the smallest pressure loss when the Reynolds number is 200.     

Nitrogen Dioxide Sensing Properties and Mechanism of Copper Phthalocyanine Film

Copper phthalocyanine film, a p-type organic semiconductor, is synthesized by vacuum sublimation and its surface morphology is characterized by SEM. A silicon-based copper phthalocyanine film gas sensor for NO2 detection is fabricated by MEMS technology. The results show that the resistance and sensitivity of copper phthalocyanine film decrease obviously as the NO2 concentration increases from Oppm to lOOppm. However, the sensitivity nearly keeps a constant of O. 158 between 30 ppm and 70 ppm. The best working temperature of the gas sensor is 90℃ for NO2 gas concentrations of lOppm, 20ppm and 30ppm, which is much lower than that of general metal oxide gas sensor.     

可扩展多功能复合材料结构状态传感网络的设计与制作技术

先进复合材料的使用为大型工程结构减重、提高效能及降低运营成本提供了有效途径,由于设计、制造与检测技术的限制,复合材料的优越性能在大型结构上的应用还远没得以充分发挥。本文提出了一种与复合材料结构集成一体的可扩展多功能传感网络技术,形成复合材料结构多模式传感能力,使复合材料结构可以"感觉"和"思考"自身状态。为此,发展了在微观尺度上制作高密度电阻温度传感器、电阻应变片和PVDF压电薄膜传感器网络的新方法,利用可扩展的传感器网络搭载层实现了多功能传感器网络从微观到宏观的扩展。扩展后的柔性传感器网络可覆盖面积大、外形复杂的复合材料结构,为全面快速评价复合材料结构在制造及使用过程中的完整性提供有效的技术手段。     

基于区域分解和逐级光线分裂的杂散光分析

针对蒙特卡罗法运算量大的问题,通过引入区域分解和逐级光线分裂技术,减少杂散光线与表面交点求解时所涉及的表面数及跟踪光线数,降低计算量.区域分解时,考虑子区域与表面数的匹配关系;并基于杂散光传播过程的模拟信息,逐级确定光线分裂倍数.以大衰减比抑制结构和多传感器系统为例,进行杂散光分析.结果表明,对复杂系统杂散光传播的蒙特卡罗法模拟,应用区域分解和逐级光线分裂技术,可以在保持计算精度的前提下,有效地提高计算效率.     

反胶束法制备直接甲醇燃料电池Pt-Sn/C催化剂及其表征

在水/AOT/环己烷反胶束体系中, 制备了Pt-Sn/C催化剂, 研究了不同ω (反胶束溶液中水与表面活性剂的物质量之比)值对Pt-Sn粒径的影响. 并采用TEM, XRD, XPS, 循环伏安等技术对其进行表征. TEM结果表明合成的Pt-Sn纳米颗粒为球形, 在碳载体表面均匀分布, 粒径分布窄, 平均粒径为2.7 nm. Pt-Sn颗粒尺寸随着ω的增加而增大. XRD结果表明该催化剂中Pt具有面心立方结构且没有与Sn形成合金. XPS结果表明在该催化剂中, Pt主要以零价态存在. 在甲醇溶液中的循环伏安扫描结果表明, 甲醇氧化峰电位和峰电流随着ω的增加而减小, 说明反胶束方法可以通过控制颗粒尺寸, 从而影响催化剂的电氧化活性. 相对于商用Pt-Ru/Vulcan XC-72 (20 wt%, E-TEK公司), 该催化剂具有较低的峰电势以及较高的I_f/I_b (循环伏安曲线中正向扫描峰电流与反向扫描峰电流的比值), 这表明用此方法制备的Pt-Sn/C催化剂具有较好的抗中毒能力.