参考光干涉提取复振幅的散斑统计函数的实验研究

由散斑场和参考光的干涉图样提取散斑场复振幅、相位和强度的数值分布,并对其统计特性进行实验研究,消除了散斑场强度统计函数特别是概率密度函数的传统测量方法中噪声引起的偏差,并实现了散斑场复振幅和相位统计特性的实验研究.通过对不同散射角处散斑场的研究发现随着散射角度的增大散斑颗粒逐渐呈现出横向展宽的现象,且其平均宽度表现为各向异性,但是其概率密度函数并没有发生变化,与小角度情况一样属于圆形高斯散斑场. 关键词： 散斑 概率密度 干涉     

Manipulation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons by Phase Modulation of Source Field with Inverse Problem Algorithm

The predetermined field distributions can be achieved the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons （SPPs） by phase modulation of the source field to manipulate The modulations of the radius of the circular slit are according to the phase distributions on the slit, which are calculated by using the Gerchberg Saxton algorithm with the known field. We design the surface geometric shape of the radius-varied circular slit for exciting the SPP field with the linear, triangular, square and circular distribution characteristics, respectively. The slit structure designed for the circular field distribution is a plasmonic vortex lens that can be used to generate the vortex with the specified size of the primary ring, which shows that this heuristic method has the potential to devise plasmonic devices.     

FLAKE STRUCTURE IN THE SPECKLE FIELD PRODUCED BY A FEW SCATTERERS

This paper reports a new phenomenon, namely, flake structure in the speckle field produced by a few scatterers. This structure appears in the off-axis region and its size is much larger than that of the normal speckles. The one-dimensional simulations show that as the roughness of the random surface sample increases or its lateral correlation length decreases, the flakes go farther away from the axis, their relative intensities increase, their sizes become bigger and the fluctuations in them decrease. A sub-scatterer model that we call isoclinic element is proposed to explain the formation and properties of flakes. Experimental evidence shows the existence of the flake structure.     

Properties of Movement and Boiling of Speckles Produced by Moving Objects Illuminated with Partially COherent Light

Properties of movement and the boiling of dynamic partially coherent speckles are investigated.Theoretical analysis of the correlation functions shows that in front of and behind the Fraunhofer plane,the directions of the movement of the dynamics partially coherent speckles are the samp and opposite to that of the object,respectively,The boiling occurs according to a parabolic factor with respect to time separation τ.These properties are observed experimentally by using an elaborately chosen extended source to meet the requirement of intensity and coherence.The boiling of the speckles is measured with the photon counting system,which is refitted for the automatic data acquistition,and the experimental results are confirmed by the theory.     

The specular component of light scattering and the charac- terization of the height distribution for random surfaces

The relations between the specular reflection component of the intensity scattered by random surfaces and the height distributions of the surfaces are analyzed theoretically. In the extraction of the height distribution, both the phase and the amplitude of the specular wave are required. The measured specular intensity data versus the perpendicular component of the wave vector are used for the retrieval of the phase distribution of the specular wave, in which the Ger-chberg-Saxton iterative algorithm is employed, and the characterization of the height distribution of random surfaces is accomplished. In the experiment, two samples with Gaussian and quasi-two level height distributions, respectively, are practically measured and the results of the height probability density function obtained by light scattering method are in good accordance with those by atomic force microscopy. The method of this paper is of important significance for the characterizations and studies of random surfaces.     

用离子束溅射方法制备的钛薄膜表面形貌分析

用离子束溅工艺在K9玻璃基片上沉积Ti薄膜，并用原子力显微镜对其表面形貌进行测量，通过数值相关运算，发现在此工艺条件下薄膜生长界面为各向同性的自仿射分形表面，并用粗糙指数、横向相关长度和标准偏差粗糙度对薄膜样品表面进行定量描述。利用自仿射分形表面的相关函数对数值运算的结果进行拟合，得出Ti薄膜生长界面的粗糙度指数α＝0．72，相应的分形维数Df＝2．28，并由此得到在离子束溅射工艺下Ti薄膜屑于守恒生长的结论，其生长动力学过程可用Kuramoto—Sivashinsky方程来描述。     

Experimental method for the extraction of intensity profiles by imaging the scattered pattern with a charge-coupled devic

A practicable experimental method for measuring scattering on rough surfaces is reported.The scattered patterns are captured on a screen composed of two pieces of ground glass and then imaged using a chargecoupled device.The scattered intensity profiles are extracted by converting the patterns in real space into the wave vector space.Isotropic and anisotropic samples of the rough backsides of silicon wafer are investigated respectively,and their intensity profiles are measured.The profiles of the anisotropic sample are obtained by reading the pixels on the specific orientation curves.The parameters of the samples are extracted using angle-resolved light-scattering schemes and theories.The results well agree with measurements obtained using an atomic force microscope.     

利用干涉光场的相位涡旋测量拉盖尔-高斯光束的轨道角动量

对拉盖尔-高斯光束经多圆孔衍射屏在远场平面上形成的干涉光场的相位和零值线进行了计算模拟.当入射光束的轨道角动量量子数为零时,实部零值线与虚部零值线在干涉光场中心点不相交,因而在该点上不能形成相位涡旋.当入射光束的轨道角动量量子数为+1和-1时,实部零值线与虚部零值线在干涉光场中心垂直并相交,干涉光场相应位置处的相位涡旋的符号相反.当入射光束的轨道角动量量子数为±2和±3时,有四条零值线相交于干涉光场的中心点上,并且实部零值线和虚部零值线交替分布,该交点处形成的相位涡旋的拓扑荷的值恰好与拉盖尔-高斯光束的轨道角动量量子数相等.这种结果可以用来测量涡旋光束的轨道角动量.     

孔径径向扫描散斑照相法

本文提出了一种新的散斑照相法——孔径径向扫描散斑照相法,以及初步的实验结果.该方法的优点是能在一张散斑图上记录物体动态变形的全过程,在全场滤波分析时,能以等值条纹的形式给出任一瞬时物体在x轴、y轴和45°方向上的变形信息.