颤振的增益调度控制实验研究

本文对机翼外挂系统颤振的半主动抑制实验进行了研究分析,在引入电磁阻尼器对风振控制的同时,根据增益调度控制原理设计并制造了控制系统,在风洞实验中实现了电磁阻尼器对系统的颤振半主动抑制,为颤振抑制的实现又提供了一种实验的方法。     

Analysis of liquid sloshing of a tuned magnetic fluid damper for single and co-axial cylindrical containers

A tuned magnetic fluid damper (TMFD) is a dynamic absorber using a magnetic fluid. A characteristic of the TMFD is changing natural frequency of a magnetic fluid sloshing under a magnetic field. The magnetic fluid sloshing in a coaxial cylindrical container was analyzed theoretically under the axisymmetrical magnetic field. The theoretical results showed that a radial component of the magnetic field also changed the natural sloshing frequency. A policy of the suitable design of the TMFD was presented and the effect of the radial component of the magnetic field was verified experimentally.     

Isolation effect of a dynamic damper and a trench on ground vibration caused by a construction machine

In this study, a simple isolation method of ground vibration is proposed by using a dynamic damper and a trench, which is feasible for temporary use during a construction period. The ground is modeled as a two-dimensional plane model. Periodic impulsive excitation acts at one point on the ground surface, and the vibrations are measured at several evaluation points on the ground surface. A simple dynamic damper composed of a weight and a restoring element is set up at the ground surface or in the shallow trench, and the vibration isolation effect is examined. The simulation shows that the ground vibration can be isolated when the dynamic damper is set near the excitation point on the ground surface, and setting the dynamic damper in a shallow trench has almost the same isolation effect as that in a deep trench. The results indicate that the proposed isolation method is feasible for actual application.     

电流变阻尼器的抗冲击性能研究

从理论和试验两个方面研究了所设计的电流变阻尼器在大冲击下的抗冲击性能,分析了电流变液性能与阻尼器结构参数对抗冲击性能的影响。认为采用高性能的电流变液体及改变结构参数,都可以使电流变阻尼器的高速缓冲性能提高。电流变液流速对电流变液的屈服应力影响显著,其值随流速的增加按指数规律减小。从定性、定量两个方面分析了电流变阻尼器作为阻尼器效果不明显的原因为：由电流变效应引起的阻尼力在整个液压阻力所占比例太小,不能通过改变电压来使液压阻力具有很大的调节可控范围。     

A boundary element method for small-amplitude viscous fluid sloshing in couple with structural vibration

A boundary element method is presented for the coupled motion analysis of structural vibration with small-amplitude fluid sloshing in two-dimensional space. The linearized Navier-Stokes equations are considered in frequency domain and transformed into boundary integral equations. An appropriate fundamental solution for the Helmholtz equation with pure imaginary constant is found. The condition of zero-stress is imposed on the free surface, and non-slip condition of fluid particles is imposed on the walls of the container. For rigid motion models, the expressions for added mass and added damping to the structural motion equations are obtained. Some typical numerical examples are presented.     

A method to solve the efficiency-accuracy trade-off of multi-harmonic balance calculation of structures with friction contacts

The steady-state nonlinear forced response of systems with frictional damping can be computed in the frequency domain through the Harmonic Balance Method (HBM). A critical point is the selection of the number of harmonic terms used to represent the solution. In linear systems, this number is easily determined by the harmonic content of the forcing function (e.g. mono-harmonic). However, if nonlinearities are present, higher order harmonics may need to be included to ensure a proper representation of friction forces and displacements, with a detrimental effect on the computational time.The paper presents a novel method to solve the efficiency-accuracy trade-off of harmonic selection for nonlinear systems. This method warns the user whenever the number of retained harmonic terms is inadequate. As a result, it enables the user to run the simulation with a low number of retained harmonics, e.g. designers are typically interested in the first harmonic of the solution. The calculation is repeated with a larger harmonic support only when strictly necessary to keep the error below a user-defined threshold.The method is first compared to existing adaptive HBM techniques, highlighting its novel contributions. It is then carefully validated against high-order multi-harmonic calculations and against direct time integration. Its performance in terms of accuracy vs. computational time is highlighted. The method is then implemented in a state-of-the-art numerical tool for the design of underplatform dampers for turbine blades. Finally, its outcome is compared with experimental results.     

FREQUENCY-SHAPING LQR CONTROL OF WHOLE-SPACECRAFT VIBRATION ISOLATION PLATFORM BASED ON MR DAMPER1)

设计磁流变六杆隔振平台,以改善星箭界面低频振动环境.采用牛顿-欧拉法建立整星隔振平台动力学模型,利用固定界面模态综合法得到卫星和隔振平台动力学模型.由于星箭界面低频振动环境在特定频段存在振动量级较大的问题,采用频域加权LQR (linear quadratic regulator)方法,利用直接分解法扩展系统状态变量,进行磁流变阻尼器半主动控制系统设计.仿真结果表明,相对传统控制方法,频域加权LQR方法在特定频段减振效果明显改善,且在其他频段没有恶化,验证了算法有效性.     

菱形开孔剪切钢板阻尼器的形状优化研究

矩形钢板阻尼器在剪力作用下耗能腹板各处受力不均匀,部分区域率先进入塑性而破坏,造成材料浪费甚至阻尼器延性欠佳。为使剪切钢板阻尼器充分发挥材料性能,可将矩形腹板开菱形孔,形成中部菱形孔钢板阻尼器,或两端去除半菱形,形成X型钢板阻尼器。然而,孔洞最优形状鲜有研究,而形状优化方法也很少提及。为了使菱形开孔剪切钢板阻尼器达到更好的滞回性能,对中部菱形孔和X型两种腹板开孔形式的阻尼器进行形状优化。在与试验结果验证的基础上,基于ABAQUS软件平台建立有限元分析模型,利用PYTHON语言开发了一种脚本优化方法,并与软件优化模块对比,分析优化前后的塑性分布和滞回耗能。结果表明,优化后最大塑性应变减小,塑性分布更均匀,利用脚本方法优化后的滞回曲线更饱满,耗能更好,为菱形开孔剪切型阻尼器的设计和优化提供了参考。     

磁悬浮运动演示仪

基于磁悬浮与电磁驱动原理研制了磁悬浮运动演示仪.该演示仪不仅可以演示磁悬浮运动,还可以开展多种相关实验探究.本文详细介绍了演示仪的设计与制作,并举例说明了利用该该仪器开展的探究活动.