SiNWs:Tb3+的光学稳定性及Si纳米线对其发光特性的影响

荧光纳米材料不但具备纳米材料的优势,同时还具有优异的光学性质,被广泛应用于荧光标记、离子识别、荧光免疫分析、光学成像和医学诊断等方面。因此,荧光纳米材料的制备、结构分析和荧光特性等方面的研究备受人们的关注。为了获得发光强度大、荧光量子效率高和制备过程可控的Si基荧光纳米材料,实验进一步研究了Si纳米线对样品发光特性的影响和样品的光学稳定性。首先,基于固-液-固生长机制,在反应温度为1 100 ℃、N₂气流量为1 500 sccm、生长时间为15～60 min等工艺条件下,分别以“抛光”和“金字塔”织构表面的单晶Si(100)为衬底,生长出不同长度和分布的Si纳米线;以Au或Au-Al合金膜层作为金属催化剂,生长出密度分别约为108和1010 cm-2的Si纳米线;然后,利用L4514自动控温管式加热炉,基于高温固相法,在温度为1 100 ℃、掺杂时间为60 min和N₂气流量为1 000 sccm等工艺条件下,以高纯Tb₄O₇(99.99%)粉末为稀土掺杂剂对不同Si纳米线衬底进行稀土掺杂,制备一系列的荧光纳米材料SiNWs:Tb3+样品;室温下利用Hitachi F-4600型荧光分光光度计,固定激发光波长为243 nm、激发光狭缝为2.5 nm、发射光狭缝为2.5 nm、扫描波长范围为450～650 nm、光电倍增管(photomultiplier lube, PMT)电压为600 V等参数下,测量了不同样品的光致发光特性;最后,实验测试了该荧光纳米材料的光学稳定性,如时间(0～30 d)、温度(300～500 K)、酸碱(pH 1和11)、抗光漂白(0～120 min)等稳定性以及水溶性和分散性。结果显示,在衬底为“金字塔”织构表面上、生长时间为30 min、以Au为金属催化剂等条件下制备的Si纳米线为Tb3+掺杂衬底时,SiNWs:Tb3+的绿光发射强度较大,其发光强峰值位于554 nm,属于能级5D₄→7F₅的跃迁,另外在波长为494,593和628 nm出现了三条发光谱带,它们分别属于能级5D₄→7F₆,5D₄→7F₄和5D₄→7F₃的跃迁。另外,样品展示出了优异的时间、温度、酸碱和抗光漂白等光学稳定性,同时还具有良好的水溶性和分散性。如温度升高到500 K时,光发射强度仅降低了约8.9%左右;抗光漂白能力较强,用波长为365 nm、功率为450 W的紫外光源照射120 min,样品的绿光发射强度无衰减;酸、碱稳定性好,在pH 1的强酸(HCl)溶液中120 min未见衰减,在pH 11的强碱(NaOH)溶液中15 min内衰减较小, 随后发光强度出现了缓慢下降的趋势;当60 min后,样品的发光强度变得极其微弱。分析认为,在SiNWs:Tb3+表面有一层SiO₂包覆层,而NaOH溶液容易和SiO₂发生化学反应,随着时间延长SiO₂层被破坏,故样品发光强度降低;样品溶于水中放置30 d未见沉淀物,发光亮度均匀且分散性较好。在研究了制备温度、气体流量和掺杂时间等工艺条件之后,深入研究了Si纳米线自身变化对Tb3+绿光发射的影响。该材料展示出了良好的光学稳定性、水溶性和分散性,使其作为荧光标记物具有一定的应用价值。     

有限深抛物势量子环类氢杂质能级

在有效质量近似下,用微扰法研究InAs量子环内类氢杂质基态及低激发态的能级.受限势采用有限深抛物型势,在二维平面极坐标下,用薛定谔方程的解析解计算.数值结果显示:在抛物势平台区,类氢杂质能级不随电子径向坐标改变,并具有二维氢原子能级的特征;在有限深抛物势区,电子能级敏感地依赖于量子环半径,能级存在极小值,这是由于限制势采用抛物势的结果.如果减小环的半径,可以增加能级间距;简并能级发生分裂并且间距随半径增大而增大,第一激发态的简并没有消除,第二激发态的简并被部分地消除.本文结果对研究量子环的光跃迁及光谱结构有指导意义.     

多酸有机亚胺衍生物的紫外-可见光谱及其取代基效应

以(Bu₄N)₄[α-Mo₈O₂₆]和各种取代苯胺及其盐酸盐为原料, 在碳二环己基亚胺(DCC)存在下, 经脱水反应,合成了多种六钼酸根有机亚胺衍生物, 并用元素分析,1H-NMR,IR和UV-Vis光谱等进行表征,重点研究了六钼酸根有机亚胺衍生物在乙腈溶液中的紫外光谱。研究结果表明,该类化合物具有典型的分子内电子转移的紫外-可见光谱特征,其特征峰位移Δλ_max与苯胺的苯环取代基的共轭效应指数(σ_R)之间存在良好的线性关系。     

Double Diffractive Process Factorization from ηc and γ Associated Production at Tevatron and LHC

We present a study of associated ηc and γ double diffractive production in pp^- collision based on Ingelman-Schlein model, and the framework of non-relativistic QOD factorization formalism for quarkonia production. The prediction of ηc and γ is more reliable than J/ψ production, because the associated ηc and γ production is a pure color-octet process, and the dominant contribution comes from color octet ^1S0^(8) subprocess, which is related to the color octet matrix element of ^1S0(8) of J/ψ by the heavy quark spin symmetry and the large PT J/ψ production data. We find that the ratio of diffractive to inclusive cross sections is independent of the values of color octet matrix elements, but is sensitive to the gluon factor of the Pomeron and renormalized Pomeron flux factors. So experimental measurement of this ratio can give us more information of the nature of Pomeron and test the assumption of hard diffractive factorization in hadron-hadron collisions.     

时间分辨化学发光测定微量蛋白质的研究

随着对蛋白质组学研究的发展,需要分离、鉴定更微量的蛋白质组分.常规的蛋白质分析方法(如Lowry和Bradford法)由于其灵敏度低而不能满足微量蛋白质分析的需要.     

Interplay between External Strain and Oxygen Vacancies on Raman Spectra of SnO2

Comprehensive first-principle calculations on strained SnO2 crystal structure indicate that the formation energy of different types of oxygen vacancies depends on the external strain. Many novel Raman modes can be observed, their intensities and positions are strongly dependent on applied stain, which can be ascribed to crystal symmetry destruction by oxygen vacancies. Applied strain can compress/stretch distances between Sn and O atoms; therefore, Sn-O band vibration frequencies can be adjusted accordingly. Our calculated results disclose that the Raman spectra of SnO2 crystal structure with different types of oxygen vacancies are obviously different, which can be used to identify the oxygen vacancy types in strained Sn02 crystal structures.     

Preparation of carbon coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for magnetic separation of uranium

Uranium(VI) was removed from aqueous solutions using carbon coated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄@C). Batch experiments were conducted to study the effects of initial pH, shaking time and temperature on uranium sorption efficiency. It was found that the maximum adsorption capacity of the Fe₃O₄@C toward uranium(VI) was ∼120.20 mg g⁻¹ when the initial uranium(VI) concentration was 100 mg L⁻¹, displaying a high efficiency for the removal of uranium(VI) ions. Kinetics of the uranium(VI) removal is found to follow pseudo-second-order rate equation. In addition, the uranium(VI)-loaded Fe₃O₄@C nanoparticles can be recovered easily from aqueous solution by magnetic separation and regenerated by acid treatment. Present study suggested that magnetic Fe₃O₄@C composite particles can be used as an effective and recyclable adsorbent for the removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions.     

Structural characterization of two lanthanide complexes attached to [H<Subscript>2</Subscript>W<Subscript>12</Subscript>O<Subscript>40</Subscript>]<Superscript>6−</Superscript>

In this article, two compounds [H₂bpy][Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₃(Hbpy)][H₂W₁₂O₄₀] (Ln = La,Ce; DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide, bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine) have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, and TG analysis. X-Ray analysis showed that the [Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₃(Hbpy)]⁴⁺ unit is supported on the α-Keggin polyoxoanion [H₂W₁₂O₄₀]⁶⁻ via the surface bridging oxygen atom. The [H₂bpy][Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₃(Hbpy)][H₂W₁₂O₄₀] entity is further extended into 2D supramolecular networks with 1-D channels by hydrogen-bonding interactions, in which 4,4′-bipy ligands reside. To the best of our knowledge, these complexes represent the first examples of rare earth metal-organic complex-decorated α-metatungstate clusters. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of these compounds have been studied via the method of bulk-modified carbon paste electrodes.     

原子和离子的f^k与g^k的计算方法

本文给出了原子和离子能量表达式中的库仑积分与交换积系数ｆ＾ｋ，ｇ＾ｋ的计算方法，同时给出了计算中所涉及的Ｒａｃａｈ系数，Ｕ＾（＾Ｋ＾），Ｖ＾（＾Ｋ＾）和Ｃ＾（＾Ｋ＾）矩阵等光谱参量的计算方法，用ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮⅣ语言编写了关于ｆ＾ｋ和ｇ＾ｋ的计算机程序，只要输入与光谱项有关的量子数，即可迅速得到相应的ｋ＾ｆ，ｇ＾ｋ值，避免了烦琐的人工推算。     

Electrolytic coloration and spectral properties of OH-doped KBr polycrystals

OH⁻-doped KBr polycrystals were colored electrolytically by using a pointed cathode and a flat anode. Characteristic O⁻, OH⁻, U, Cu⁺ and absorption peaks were observed in resolved absorption spectrum of uncolored polycrystals. Herein the position of the absorption peak at room temperature was determined by using a Mollwo-Ivey plot. Characteristic V₂, V₃, Cu⁺, , I₂ and F spectral bands were observed in Kubelka-Munk functions of colored polycrystals. Current-time curve for electrolytic coloration of an OH⁻-doped KBr polycrystal and its relationship with electrolytic coloration process were given. Formation and conversion of color centers were explained.