ECR离子源六极永磁体的设计研究

分别从材料、结构、尺寸等方面全面地研究了Halbach结构六极永磁铁的设计方法.针对个别磁块可能存在的退磁问题给出了相应的解决方案.通过优化结构,使六极磁铁在离子源等离子体弧腔内壁产生的磁场达到最大.用POISSON,PERMAG,TOSCA等多个磁场模拟程序计算模拟了六极磁场的大小与分布,并给出了一些相应的曲线     

直线感应加速器中聚束磁场的数值计算方法

为了准确模拟出直线感应加速器中聚束磁场的值,首先利用单积分法计算出理想情况下的聚束磁场的值,再进一步用磁路分析的方法考虑直线感应加速器的加速腔中匀场环对聚束磁场的影响,然后推导出一组偏离角度与磁场分量相关的公式。将最终得到的聚束磁场分量与直线感应加速器模型结合起来,采用粒子模拟的方法来模拟电子束在加速段中的输运过程,并对结果加以分析。     

Deterministic Generation of Quantum State Transfer Between Spatially Separated Single Molecule Magnets

We propose a new scheme for realizing deterministic quantum state transfer （QST） between two spatially separated single molecule magnets （SMMs） with the framework of cavity quantum eleetrodynamics （QED）. In the present scheme, two SMMs are trapped in two spatially separated optical cavities coupled by an optical fiber. Through strictly numerically simulating, we demonstrate that our scheme is robust with respect to the SMMs＇ spontaneous decay and fiber loss under the conditions of dispersive SMMs-field interaction and strong coupling of cavity fiber. In addition, we also discuss the influence of photon leakage out of cavities and show that our proposal is good enough to demonstrate the generation of QST with high fidelity utilizing the current experimental technology. The present investigation provides research opportunities for realizing QST between solid-state qubits and may result in a substantial impact on the progress of solid-state-based quantum communications network.     

An optimized magnet for magnetic refrigeration

A magnet designed for use in a magnetic refrigeration device is presented. The magnet is designed by applying two general schemes for improving a magnet design to a concentric Halbach cylinder magnet design and dimensioning and segmenting this design in an optimum way followed by the construction of the actual magnet. The final design generates a peak value of 1.24 T, an average flux density of 0.9 T in a volume of 2 L using only 7.3 L of magnet, and has an average low flux density of 0.08 T also in a 2 L volume. The working point of all the permanent magnet blocks in the design is very close to the maximum energy density. The final design is characterized in terms of a performance parameter, and it is shown that it is one of the best performing magnet designs published for magnetic refrigeration.     

永磁体外部磁场的不均匀性研究

从永磁体的分子电流观点、退磁场、工艺等出发, 以矩形永磁体为例, 从理论上分析了影响永磁体外部磁场不均匀性的各种因素.研究结果表明, 永磁体外部磁场宏观不均匀性(好场区均匀度和面积相对大小) 和空间距离及永磁体的外形设计密切相关. 退磁场对永磁体外部磁场微观不均匀性有着复杂影响. 永磁体工艺如粉末颗粒、取向度、烧结凝固、机械加工等将影响永磁体外部磁场的不均匀性, 如磁化偏角、对称性、光滑性等. 关键词： 永磁体 外部磁场 不均匀性 退磁场     

混沌状态下永磁同步发电机的故障诊断——LMI法研究

本文以永磁同步风力发电机为研究对象, 在两相同步旋转坐标系下建立了永磁同步发电机的数学模型. 应用时间尺度和线性仿射变换建立了系统混沌模型, 验证了系统在某些参数和工作条件下会出现混沌运动. 随后在考虑系统不确定性的情况下设计了故障观测器, 在系统发生故障时, 通过所设计的故障观测器能对混沌状态下永磁同步发电机的故障做出准确估计. 仿真结果表明基于线性矩阵不等式方法的故障观测器能够对系统故障做出快速准确的诊断. 关键词： 永磁同步发电机 混沌 非线性不确定系统 故障诊断     

使用改进的形状优化方法设计高均匀度的超导MRI磁体

针对设计带铁磁的超导磁共振成像磁体,提出了一种确定类的优化算法来优化极靴的形状以达到匀场的目的。这种方法集合了灵敏度分析、形状优化的理论和有限元方法计算非线性铁磁材料极靴的配置,来改善两个极靴之间大体积成像区的磁场均匀度。需要指出的是,本优化方法不受极靴初始形状的限制,均可以快速收敛。我们通过一个紧凑型的1.2T双平面磁共振磁体,展示了这种方法。     

Nb_3Sn/Cu复合导体分流温度的定量计算

铌三锡是高磁场下实用的一种低温超导材料,分流温度是超导磁体的关键设计参数。文中采用超导体幂指数模型,定量计算了绝热条件下柱状铌三锡复合导体的分流温度,计算结果与现有的分流温度估算公式结果相符;另外还分别讨论了幂指数模型的中的指数n以及磁场对铌三锡复合导体分流温度的影响。结果可以为无液氦直接冷却系统中超导磁体的相关低温技术研究提供一定的数据参考。     

Optical Abelian lattice gauge theories

We discuss a general framework for the realization of a family of Abelian lattice gauge theories, i.e., link models or gauge magnets, in optical lattices. We analyze the properties of these models that make them suitable for quantum simulations. Within this class, we study in detail the phases of a U(1)$U\left(1\right)$-invariant lattice gauge theory in 2+1$2+1$ dimensions, originally proposed by P. Orland. By using exact diagonalization, we extract the low-energy states for small lattices, up to 4×4$4\times 4$. We confirm that the model has two phases, with the confined entangled one characterized by strings wrapping around the whole lattice. We explain how to study larger lattices by using either tensor network techniques or digital quantum simulations with Rydberg atoms loaded in optical lattices, where we discuss in detail a protocol for the preparation of the ground-state. We propose two key experimental tests that can be used as smoking gun of the proper implementation of a gauge theory in optical lattices. These tests consist in verifying the absence of spontaneous (gauge) symmetry breaking of the ground-state and the presence of charge confinement. We also comment on the relation between standard compact U(1)$U\left(1\right)$ lattice gauge theory and the model considered in this paper.     

Tunneling through two single molecular magnets in series arrangement junction in parallel/antiparallel situations

We investigate the spin-dependent tunneling transport in a heterostructure with two single molecular magnets (SMMs). The tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) and negative differential conductance due to the strong resonant tunneling in the junction are demonstrated by the master equation approach. At low bias voltage, the device presents low/high resistant states with the initial states of the single molecular magnets parallel/antiparallel. Strong Coulomb repulsive interaction suppresses the current greatly in antiparallel situation. At high voltage, the middle system containing two SMMs tends to be non-polarized, and acts like ordinary quantum dots.