严重生物降解原油GC-MS特征及油源对比

图牧吉油砂位于松辽盆地边缘,搞清它的油源对于该地区的油气勘探有着十分重要的意义。气相色谱-质谱分析表明,该样品受到了严重的生物降解,部分用于对比的甾、萜烷生标标志物受到了降解,使与之有关的参数值发生了变化,给油源对比带来了困难。本研究采用抗生物降解的三环萜烷和四环萜烷等作生标对比参数,将图牧吉油砂与周边已知烃源岩的原油进行对比,确定了该生物降解油来自松辽盆地的嫩江组和青三口组烃源岩。该研究为严重生物降解原油的油源对比提供了有效的方法。     

A monolayer model of the interfacial region of microemulsions

Mixed monolayers of tetradecanol and oleic acid at the water-air interface were studied to provide a static related structure featuring the interface between water and oil of water-dodecane microemulsions.The films of pure components as a function of temperature show a strong area contraction between 25 ° and 30 °C, caused by a change in the head groups hydration. This agrees with similar discontinuities found for some properties of the microemulsion in the same temperature range. At the water-air interface, the composition range of tetradecanol/oleic acid mixtures with the highest thermodynamic stability corresponds to the same stability range of the water-in -dodecane-potassium oleate microemulsions.Adsorption isotherms of tetradecanol and hexanol at the dodecane-water interface were studied to compare the surface behaviour of the two alcohols; the results indicate that the two alcohols have very similar two-dimensional surface phases and adsorption energies.     

花生油存在下胆固醇氧化产物研究

探讨了温度、加热时间、花生油的量对胆固溶氧化的影响情况。用毛细管气相色谱法检出6种胆固溶氧化物。在一定范围内，氧化产物的组成和含量随加热温度升高和加热时间延长明显增加，而随着花生油量增加有明显减小的趋势。     

微波灰化-原子荧光光谱法测定植物油中的砷

本文对植物油中砷的测定方法进行了研究。采用微波灰化对植物油进行前处理，用氢化物原子荧光光谱法对植物油进行测定。探讨了微波灰化条件对砷测定的影响，研究了样品酸度和还原剂浓度对氢化物发生的影响。砷的检出限可达0．2ng／mL，相对标准偏差为0．96％～2．75％，回收率为84％～102％。     

劣化变压器油中硅胶吸附物的分离分析

利用红外光谱法、气相色谱法（GC）和色－质联用（GC-MS)技术分析测定了投运一年后的劣质变压器油中硅胶吸附物的呈色成分，分析了硅胶吸附变色的原因。     

Lipids from Mediasia macrophylla Leaves

Lipids from Mediasia macrophylla leaves were studied. Classes of neutral, glyco-, and phospholipids and their fatty-acid composition were determined. The content of chlorophyll and carotinoid pigments in the leaves and lipid extract was found. Essential oil was isolated by steam distillation and contained free and bound fatty acids.     

超临界CO_2萃取甾醇的研究(1)

本文用超临界ＣＯ＿２对高酸价麦胚油进行选择住萃取，结果表明，萃取温度和压力不同时，萃取物中甾醇的含量不同．且甾醇混合物主要为β－谷甾醇和菜籽甾醇。萃取物的酸价也明显高于高酸价麦胚油。     

水母雪莲花挥发油的GC-MS分析

采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对西藏产水母雪莲花的挥发油化学成分进行分析,共分离鉴定出83种化合物,占挥发油总量的70%以上.其中主要成分有β-芹子烯(6.72%)、斯杷土烯醇(4.74%)、红没药醇(4.10%)和金合欢醇(3.32%)等.     

水溶性硅油对超临界CO_2介质中丙烯酸聚合反应的影响

：通过对水溶性硅油浓度的改变，研究其对超临界CO2介质中丙烯酸聚合反应的影响。研究表明水溶性硅油可起到分子量调节剂的作用。随着硅油的加入，产物分子量降低，但当硅油浓度过大时，由于硅油在超临界CO2中溶解度的限制，夹带单体聚沉在反应釜底部形成富单体相，分子量有所上升。此外，扫描电镜照片（SEM）显示不同浓度的水溶性硅油对聚丙烯酸分子形态的影响不同，硅油含量越大，聚丙烯酸分子粒径越小，分子量分布越均匀。     

A study of dilational rheological properties of polymers at interfaces

Viscoelastic properties of two polymers, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and partially hydrolyzed modified polyacrylamide, widely used in chemical flooding in the petroleum industry, were investigated at three interfaces, water-air, water-dodecane, and water-crude oil, by means of a dilational method provided by I.T. Concept, France, at 85 degrees C. Polymer solutions were prepared in brine with 10,000 mg/l sodium chloride and 2000 mg/l calcium chloride. It has been shown that the viscoelastic modulus increases with the increment of polymer concentration in the range of 0-1500 mg/l at the water-air interface. Each polymer shows different viscoelatic behavior at different interfaces. Generally speaking, values of the viscoelastic modulus (E), the real part (E'), and the imaginary part (E") at the crude oil-water interface for each polymer are lower than at the air-water or water-dodecane interface. The two polymers display different interfacial properties at the same interface. Polymer No. 2 gives more viscous interfaces than polymer No. 1. All the information obtained from this paper will be helpful in understanding the interfacial rheology of ultra-high-molecular-weight polymer solutions.