孔隙率对气凝胶热辐射特性的影响

本文研究了热辐射在气凝胶纳米微孔结构中的传递.应用离散偶极子方法对随机生成的纳米结构的散射进行了模拟.结果表明:孔隙率和微分散射截面、散射效率因子关系密切.孔隙率增加,微分散射截面和散射效率因子减小明显;微分散射截面、散射效率因子和材料的宏观密度之间存在幂函数关系.本文的研究结果有助于理解气凝胶的结构参数和热辐射特性之间的联系.     

内部导流对空冷单元流动传热特性的影响

通过改变空冷单元内冷却空气流场温度场,可提高空冷凝汽器的传热性能.针对600 MW直接空冷机组空冷凝汽器的典型结构,建立了内部安装空气导流装置的空冷单元冷却空气流动传热过程的物理数学模型.通过CFD模拟获得了冷却空气流场和温度场,分析了不同环境因素影响下加装空气导流装置后空冷单元内空气流动传热特性的变化规律.结果表明:在空冷单元内安装导流装置能提高冷却空气流场的均匀性,降低冷却空气温度,改善空冷凝汽器的运行特性.     

多孔介质燃烧室内湍流气液两相流的数值研究

以多孔介质发动机为背景,用数值模拟方法考察气缸内加入多孔介质蓄热体后对燃烧室内湍流流场及混合气形成的影响.建立了多孔介质随机结构的简化模型,把多孔介质视为随机分布的大量固相单元的集合.在多孔介质区域引入了Antohe和Lage提出的双方程κ-ε湍流模型.为研究喷雾液滴与多孔介质的高温壁面碰撞,引入新的喷雾模型.在模型中考虑了液滴的破碎、碰撞和合并,并且描述了喷雾和多孔介质壁面之间的相互作用.针对燃油喷雾在不同结构多孔介质内流场进行了数值计算.计算表明,喷雾与多孔介质相互作用对燃烧室内燃油液滴的蒸发、混合气的形成过程和均匀化具有重要的影响.     

Structure Characterization of Modified Polyimide Films Irradiated by 2MeV Si Ions

Structures of polyimide （6051） films modified by irradiation of 2.0 MeV Si ions with different fluences are studied in detail. Variations of the functional groups in polyimide are investigated by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （ATR-FTIR） and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that the functional groups can be destroyed gradually with the increasing ion fluenee. The variations of structure and element contents are characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD）, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry （RBS） and x- ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. The results indicate that the contents of N and O decrease significantly compared with the original samples, some graphite-like and carbon-rich phases are formed in the process of irradiation.     

Coupling of Acoustical Plane p-Wave to a Cased Borehole

Theoretical and numerical study on the coupling acoustic field of the plane p-wave to a cased borehole is carried out. The medium outside the cased borehole is modeled as the porous medium. The scattering field characteristics in the cased borehole are investigated when a plane fast p-wave is incident in tilt to the cased borehole from the porous medium. The scattering fields inside and outside the cased borehole are analyzed and deduced by Biot＇s theory under the boundary conditions on each interface, and they are numerically studied. It is found that the scattering field has strong resonant characteristics and there exists a series of resonant frequencies and peaks. The effects of the frequency, radii of each interface, incident angle, porosity, and other parameters on the resonant acoustic field have been investigated in detail in the fast and slow formations respectively. The resonant characteristics of the scattering field are also analyzed from the physical sense.     

Effect of Carbonized Conditions on Residual Strain and Crystallinity Quality of Heteroepitaxial Growth 3C-SiC Films

Heteroepitaxial growth of SiC on n-Si（111） substrates is performed by a low pressure chemicaJ vapor deposition process. The effects of different carbonized temperature and carbonized time on the crystalline quality and the residual strain of 3C-SiC films are discussed. The results show that the residual strain is obviously reduced and the crystalline quality is greatly improved at the best carbonized temperature of 1000℃ and the carbonized time of 5 min. Under these optimized carbonization conditions, thick epitaxial films of about 15 μm with good crystalline quality and low residual strain can be obtained.     

多孔硅拉曼光谱随激发功率变化的研究

用阳极氧化法新制备了多孔硅样品,以457．5nm固体激光器为激发光源,在不同激发功率下,获得了拉曼谱图和一些谱峰参量随激光功率的变化关系。解释了520cm^-1和300cm^-1附近拉曼峰随功率变化的一系列可逆的实验现象：随激光功率升高出现的红移和非对称性展宽,主要是由于样品局域平均粒径变小而受量子限域效应的影响导致的;样品局域平均粒径在表面上的二维减小与随激光功率升高而导致的局域温升并不违背基本的热力学定律;高功率时520cm^-1附近双峰的出现是由于多孔硅样品局域平均粒径达到一定阈值而导致的纵模和横模双声子模的分裂。     

交联壳聚糖多孔微球对染料的吸附平衡及吸附动力学分析

研究了交联壳聚糖多孔微球对染料的吸附平衡规律,探讨了染料溶液在不同的初始浓度、pH值及不同吸附剂用量条件下吸附动力学规律及吸附动力学控制机理。结果表明,壳聚糖微球对染料的吸附规律可较好地符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附动力学模型可以用表观二级速率方程来描述。     

硅中稀土掺杂层的光致发光研究及其关键问题

利用离子注入技术,对稀土掺杂到半导体单晶硅中的光致发光行为进行了研究。室温下得到了La,Ce和Nd稀土掺杂层的蓝紫色光致发光光谱,并首次观测到硅中稀土掺杂层室温下的光致上转换发光现象。光致发光强度随着稀土掺杂量的增加和热处理温度的上升急剧增强。在紫外光激发下,发光强度随着激发光波长的减小而增大;在光致上转换过程中,发光强度随着激发波长的增加而上升。这表明光致发光强度与稀土元素的掺杂量、掺杂层的结构与热处理温度有密切的关系。文章对在室温下这些稀土掺杂层的光致发光行为进行了分析,并提出了硅中稀土掺杂层光致发光行为研究今后需要重点解决的几个主要问题。     

溴化 N-烷基取代咪唑中离子热合成硅磷酸铝分子筛

 以溴化N-烷基取代咪唑离子液体为反应介质,采用离子热法合成了AEL型硅磷酸铝分子筛,并考察了不同离子液体和反应物中正硅酸四乙酯的添加量对分子筛结构的影响. 结果表明,以1-乙基-3-甲基溴化咪唑为反应介质,并引入正硅酸四乙酯时,产物为含有未知结构晶体的AEL型硅磷酸铝分子筛,而且随着正硅酸四乙酯添加量的增大,未知结构晶体增多. 以1-己基-3-甲基溴化咪唑为反应介质时,产物为高结晶度的上述未知结构晶体.