数学模型在高校领军人才评审中的应用

教育评估的可靠性决定了评估结果的可信性,影响着教育评估的声誉和发展.结合高校领军人才评审探讨了数学可靠性模型在教育评估中的应用,通过建立数学可靠性模型,计算评审系统的可靠性,并结合可靠性计算结果分析了影响评审系统可靠性的因素.     

Computational analysis for the determination of deleterious nsSNPs in human MTHFD1 gene

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common genetic polymorphisms and play a major role in many inherited diseases. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1) is one of the enzymes involved in folate metabolism. In the present study, the functional and structural consequences of nsSNPs of human MTHFD1 gene was analyzed using various computational tools like SIFT, PolyPhen2, PANTHER, PROVEAN, SNAP2, nsSNPAnalyzer, PhD-SNP, SNPs&GO, I-Mutant, MuPro, ConSurf, InterPro, NCBI Conserved Domain Search tool, ModPred, SPARKS-X, RAMPAGE, FT Site and PyMol. Out of 327 nsSNPs form human MTHFD1 gene, total 45 SNPs were predicted as functionally most significant SNPs, among which 17 were highly conserved and functional, 17 were highly conserved and structural residues. Among 45 most significant SNPs, 15 were predicted to be involved in post translational modifications. The p.Gly165Arg may interfere in homodimer interface formation. The p.Asn439Lys and p.Asp445Asn may interfere in binding interactions of MTHFD1 protein with cesium cation and potassium. The two SNPs (p.Asp562Gly and p.Gly637Cys) might interfere in interactions of MTHFD1 with ligand.     

船舶结构优化设计方法的研究进展

船舶结构设计，具有较强的综合性、经验性和创造性。运用经典优化方法加以处理，虽然也取得了一定成果，但要建立真正有效的船舶结构优化设计方法，必须与实际工程特点、现代数学理论以及最新计算机技术有机结合。目前，研究工作已取得了初步进展。本文综述了有关研究情况。     

A NEW TWO-POINT ADAPTIVENONLINEAR APPROXIMATION METHOD FOR RELIABILITY ANALYSIS

I. INTRODUCTION Reliability analysis is becoming increasingly important in structural design. Over the years, manyresearchers have been involved in the evaluation of failure probability and many methods have beenpresented for structural reliability anal…     

最优化算法的收敛准则

收敛准则是最优化算法的重要组成部分，其选择得好与坏将直接影响到算法的成功与否以及收敛得快与慢。现有常用的收敛准则基本上是建立在前后迭代点的逼近和它们相应函数值的逼近是否达到一定的精度要求以及迭代点处函数梯度是否接近于零的基础上的。它们各自有自己的适用范围。但它们的共同特点是对迭代终止点的性质不能做出判断。本文在总结和分析现有算法收敛准则的基础上，借助于正定矩阵、一维优化方法中对分法和黄金分割法，提出了新的算法收敛准则。算例结果表明，这些收敛准则是有效实用的。     

吊车荷载作用下钢结构吊车梁的疲劳可靠寿命评估

从Miner累积损伤的定义出发，视累积损伤为随机过程，临界损伤为随机变量，基于疲劳动态可靠性理论，提出了在役钢结构吊车梁疲劳剩余寿命的可靠寿命评估法。之后与现行《钢结构检测评定与加固技术规程》(YB9257-96)中安全期限寿命评估法进行了分析比较，说明了安全寿命评估方法的概率意义。算例分析结果表明，本文提出的可靠寿命评估方法更加合理。     

基于可靠度的结构优化的序列近似规划算法

基于可靠度的优化的最直观解法是把可靠度和优化的各自算法搭配一起形成嵌套两层次迭代。为改善其收敛性提高计算效率,人们提出了功能测度法、半无限规划法、单层次算法等多种改进方法。本文对传统结构优化界的经典序列近似规划法改造并扩展应用于求解基于可靠度的结构优化问题,构造该问题的序列近似规划模型和求解过程;其核心思想是在每个近似规划子问题中采用近似可靠度指标对设计变量的线性近似,在优化迭代过程中同步更新设计变量和随机空间中的近似验算点坐标,以达到可靠度分析和优化迭代同步收敛的目标。为了算法的实施,还推导出近似可靠度指标的半解析灵敏度计算公式,编制了程序,最终实现与通用软件的连接。论文用算例证实算法的有效性。     

捷联惯导系统(SINS)敏感器斜向配置技术

以四个敏感器的冗余系统为例，对采用冗余敏感器的惯导系统的可靠性进行了分析，对四个敏感器构成的捷联惯导系统的可靠性进行了仿真实验，验证了冗余敏感器可以提高系统可靠性结论的正确性。中给出非正交敏感器测量值向惯导系统正交坐标系转化的方法和转换矩阵。最后对冗余敏感器的配置方式进行了分析。通过仿真实验，得到敏感器最佳配置的条件。     

Log-likelihood maximization and response surface in reliability assessment

Nonlinear dynamics problems can generally be solved only in a numerical way. This prevents from a direct application of standard reliability methods. A technique which makes use of iterated response-surface analytical approximations of the system performance function was therefore proposed in view of reliability assessment. The limitation of this technique was of working in a standard normalized space, so that appropriate space transformations are preliminarly required.This paper shows how this response-surface iterative scheme can also be used in the original space of the random variables, provided a maximum log-likelihood constrained optimization problem is solved. Moreover, asymptotic theory also provides a better estimate of the probability of failure of the dynamical system against any assigned limit state.     

机翼全尺寸延寿试验及可靠性分析

机翼全尺寸疲劳试验是老龄飞机延寿的科学依据。本文介绍了疲劳裂纹形成和扩展寿命的分散系数，以及可靠度和标准差的选取。针对延寿的可靠性分析，提出按疲劳／损伤容限设计概念或当量裂纹扩展寿命方法，以及机翼串联模型，确定整机延寿使用寿命的技术途径。最后给出应用实例。