甲基丙烯酸在生物相容性微球CPVA表面的引发接枝聚合

交联聚乙烯醇（CPVA）微球表面含有大量的羟基,具有良好的生物相容性。在水溶液体系中利用这些羟基,与铈盐构成氧化还原引发体系,实施了甲基丙烯酸（MAA）的表面引发接枝聚合,制备了接枝微球CPVA—g—PMAA,考察了主要因素对接枝聚合的影响。采用红外光谱（FT—IR）及扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对接枝微球进行了表征。结果表明,羟基-铈盐氧化还原引发体系可有效地引发MAA在CPVA微球的表面接枝聚合,当铈盐浓度为4．9×101mol／L、硫酸浓度为0．17mol／L、反应温度为45。C、单体浓度为0．54mol／L时,每1。0g接枝微球CPVA—g—PMAA可接枝PMAA30g。     

Sensitive Spectrophotometric Determination of Benzoylperoxide with N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine

Abstract

A highly sensitive spectrophotometric determination of benzoylperoxide (BPO) based on the color developing reaction between N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD) and BPO in the presence of cerium(IV) in weakly acidic media is proposed. The calibration graph is linear in the range 0–6000 ng BPO per 10 ml with an apparent molar absorptivity of 4.73 × 10⁵ 1 mol^?1 cm-1 at 612 nm. The proposed method is about 50-fold more sensitive than N-ethyl-2-naphthylamine (NENA), and application to assays of flour is described.     

基于铈配合物信号探针的凝血酶电化学适体传感器

以Ce³⁺为中心离子,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为有机配体,通过温度调节,合成系列形貌和电化学信号不同的铈配合物(Ce-COPs)。筛选出电化学信号最强的多面体状Ce-COP为信号探针。通过凝血酶(TB)与TB适体链之间的特异性识别作用,设计了一种简单通用的TB适体传感器。最优实验条件下,该传感器对TB的线性响应范围为1.0 fmol·L^-1~1.0 nmol·L^-1,检测限为0.94 fmol·L^-1。此外,本方案方法与商品人凝血酶(TM) ELISA试剂盒检测结果相近。结果表明,我们构建的TB适体传感器具有良好的灵敏度、特异性、选择性和稳定性。     

夹心型杂多化合物Na_9[CeW_(10)O_(36)]·34H_2O的合成及晶体结构

在pH≈6.5及NaAsO_2和Co(NO_3)_3·6H_2O存在下,Na_2WO_4·2H_2O 与Ce (NO_3)_3·6H_2O反应,得到了Na_9[CeW_(10)-O_(36)]·34H_2单晶。用元素分析 及X射线单晶衍射法确定了其组成与结构,晶体学数据为：a = 1.3010(5) nm, b = 1.3072(5) nm, c = 1.9962(8) nm, α= 101.073(7) °, β = 104.411(5) ° γ = 90.473(4) °, V = 3.221(2) nm~3,空间群P1,V=3.211(2)nm~3, Z = 4, 最终R因子[1>2σ(I)]R_1=0.0424, wR_2 = 0.0549, R因子（全部数据）R_1=0. 1357, wR_2 = 0.0808.[CeW_(10)O(36)]~(9-)具有D_(4d)对称性。     

铈诱导悬浮培养的东北红豆杉细胞发生凋亡

以悬浮培养的东北红豆杉（Taxus cuspidata)细胞为材料,加入一定浓度的Ce^4 ,在不同培养时间取样,超薄切片透射电镜观察发现细胞核膜完整,染色质凝聚,趋边化,核酸电泳显示DNA发生特异性降解并形成阶梯状电泳条带（DNA ladder); 应用TUNEL检测方法发现DNA的3′－OH断端可被特异性标记。Ce^4 能诱导东北红豆杉细胞发生凋亡。     

沉淀法制备CeO_2纳米晶与表征

采用乙醇为分散剂和保护剂 ,用反向沉淀法制备了不同粒径的CeO2 纳米晶。XRD分析表明 ,当焙烧温度为 2 5 0～ 80 0℃时 ,所合成的CeO2 纳米粒子属于立方晶系 ,空间群为O5 H FM 3M。TEM分析表明 ,CeO2 纳米粒子呈球形 ,粒度随焙烧温度的增加而增大。热失重分析表明 ,样品的热失重主要受温度的影响 ,而焙烧时间的影响不大。相对密度分析表明 ,随CeO2 纳米晶粒度的增大 ,粉末的密度增加。     

[Ce(NO_3)_5H_2O]·(C_3H_5N_2)_2的合成、晶体结构及热分析

稀土盐与咪唑形成的化合物可作为植物生长调节剂,具有一定的促进植物生长,抑制杂菌生长的作用［ｌ,２］,而此类化合物的结构数据尚未见报道。本文以水为溶剂,合成了硝酸铈（Ⅲ）与咪唑形成的无色块状晶体［Ｃｅ（ＮＯ３）５Ｈ２Ｏ］·（Ｃ３Ｈ５Ｎ２）２,测定了晶体结构。用热重法推测了其热分解机理。１实验部分１．ｌ［Ｃｅ（ＮＯ３）５Ｈ２Ｏ］·（Ｃ３Ｈ５Ｎ２）２的合成 将０．２ｍｏｌ的Ｃｅ（ＮＯ３）３·６Ｈ２Ｏ和０．５ｍｏｌ的Ｃ３Ｈ４Ｎ２（咪唑）加入到４０ｍＬ水中,用 １ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１的 ＨＮＯ３水溶液调节 ｐＨ＝ …     

Photochemistry of f-element ions

Published data on photochemical reactions of f-element compounds, namely, uranyl ion and lanthanide and actinide ions, are surveyed and analyzed. The types of reactions of photoexcited ions, reaction mechanisms, and analytical applications of the photochemical methods for the separation, isolation, and determination of f-elements are considered.     

二氧化铈的氯化反应机制研究

通过考察反应温度,时间及ＮＨ４Ｃｌ用量对ＣｅＯ２氯化的影响以及ＣｅＣｌ３．７Ｈ２Ｏ的热分解行为的研究,对ＣｅＯ２的氯化机制进行了探讨。结果表明,ＣｅＯ２在空气氛下采用ＮＨ４Ｃｌ氯化,在３００℃下其氯化率达到８０％左右,更高的温度反而不利于ＣｅＯ２的氯化,这主要是由于ＣｅＣｌ３．７Ｈ２Ｏ的热分解造成的。同时ＣｅＯ２的氯化并不是ＮＨ４Ｃｌ产生ＨＣｌ发生氰化,而是ＮＨ４Ｃｌ直接参与反应,生成中间化合物ＣｅＯＣｌ,然后转化为ＣｅＣｌ３．ＣｅＣｌ３．７Ｈ２Ｏ的热分解及热分析研究进一步说明了ＣｅＯＣｌ的存在,因此采用ＮＨ４Ｃｌ氯化ＣｅＯ２时,一方面应控制反应温度及反应时同,同时,过量的ＮＨ４Ｃｌ有利于ＣｅＣｌ３形成。     

A new approach of CeO_2 and La_2O_3 effects on the three-way catalysts containing low precious metals

A series of three-way catalysts (TWCs),containing a small amount of precious metals (PMs,including Pt,Pd and Rh) and a large amount of promoters CeO2 and La2O3,were prepared with different precursor compounds and various doped manners.Crystal phases,dispersion of cerium and lanthanum,textural structure and thermal stability of the catalysts were investigated by XRD,XPS and pore parameters determination.The catalytic performance was studied by the measurements of CO,C3H6 and NO conversions on dependence of temperature at stoichimetric number point (S=1.00),and from S=0.75 to 1.30 at 280℃ or 340℃ for fresh or aged samples,respectively.The correlation between the catalytic performance and the characteristics of fresh and aged samples were discussed.The results show that the sample,in which CeO2 and La2O3 are doped with mixed oxide powders,possesses poor dispersion and less thermal stability,and the conversions of NO and C3H6 are apparently lower than those of the samples aged at 850℃ The main reason is