两级反应器制备Zn2+原位掺杂型LDHs纳米晶

采用两级反应器,将盐溶液MgCl2·6H2O、AlCl3·6H2O、ZnCl2·6H2O和沉降剂Na2CO3、NaOH进行反应成功制备出Zn2+原位掺杂型LDHs纳米晶.采用XRD、TEM、TG分析了Zn2+掺杂对MgAl-CO3 LDHs晶体结构、形貌与热稳定性的影响.结果表明:当[Mg2+ +Zn2+]/[Al3+] =2,[Mg2+]/[Zn2+] =4时,对MgAl-CO3 LDHs晶体结构影响最小,此时晶体形貌也相对较规则;原位掺杂后,95℃晶化2h为最佳晶化时间;Zn2+掺杂LDHs纳米晶在0 ～450℃范围内热稳定性降低,在450 ～550℃范围内热稳定性提高,且残渣量由46.57;提高到58.58;.     

镍掺杂铁酸铋薄膜的电磁性能研究

利用溶胶-凝胶工艺在ITO/玻璃衬底上制备了纯相铁酸铋(BiFeO3,BFO)和镍掺杂铁酸铋(BiFe09Ni0.1O3,BFNO)薄膜.X-射线衍射(XRD)测试表明纯相和镍掺杂铁酸铋分别为扭曲钙钛矿结构和四方相结构,具有不同的空间对称性.镍掺杂后(012)衍射峰宽化,峰强变弱,说明晶粒变小,并由原子力显微镜(AFM)测试得到验证.镍掺杂铁酸铋具有更大的介电常数和较小的漏电流.铁电测试仪和振动样品磁强计(VSM)测试结果表明镍的掺入可以迸一步提高铁酸铋的室温铁电性和铁磁性.     

锂离子正极材料LiCo1-xMgxMnO4与LiCo1-xAlxMnO4 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1)的制备及其电化学性能

采用固相法合成掺杂镁和铝尖晶石LiCoMnO₄材料,研究镁和铝掺杂量对尖晶石LiCoMnO₄电极的初始容量、放电平台以及循环性能的影响. 利用扫描电子显微镜、粉末X-射线衍射仪观察分析材料形貌及结构. 结果表明,所合成材料的粒径分布均匀,结晶性较佳. LiCoMnO₄电极初始容量为87.0 mAh.g^-1,少量镁或铝掺杂使电极初始容量有所增加,LiCo_0.98Mg_0.02MnO₄和LiCo_0.98Al_0.02MnO₄电极初始容量分别为91.3和93.6 mAh.g^-1,提高了其5 V放电平台的比例,过量掺杂则其容量降低. 此外,掺杂Al显著改善了LiCoMnO₄电极的循环性能,而掺杂镁对电极的循环性能其影响不明显.     

Mechanism of the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3 over W-Doped Fe/TiO2 Catalyst

The W-doped Fe/TiO2 catalyst prepared by an impregnation method exhibited a good NH3-selective cata- lytic reduction（SCR） activity and N2 selectivity with broad operation temperature window. The interaction between Fe and W could increase the amount of surface chemisorbed oxygen, and thus enhances the low temperature SCR activity by facilitating the fast SCR of 2NH3＋NO＋NO2 →2N2＋3H2O. The NH3-SCR reaction mechanism over the W-Fe/TiO2 was fully investigated via in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy（in situ DRIFTS）. In the low temperature range（〈250 ℃）, the reactive surface species were mainly coordinated NH3, ionic NH~ and adsorbed NO2 species, and the SCR mainly followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, during which the adsorbed NO2 species became the important active sites. In the high temperature range（〉250 ℃）, the reactive surface species were mainly NH2, and the SCR mainly followed the Eley-Rideal mechanism, during which the for- mation of NH2NO intermediate species after H-abstraction of NH3 was the rate-determining step.     

Electrospinning Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of SnO2：xEu3＋ Nanofibers

NnO2：xEu3＋（x=O, 1%, 3%, 5%, molar fraction） fibers were synthesized by electrospinning technology. The size of the as-prepared fibers is relatively uniform and the average diameter is about 200 nm with a large draw ratio. The as-prepared Eu3＋ doped SnO2 nanofibers have a rutile structure and consist of crystallitc grains with an average size of about 10 nm. A slight red shift of the A1gand Bag vibration modes and an additional peak at 288 nm were observed in the Raman spectra of the nanofibers. The energies of bandgaps of the SnO2 nanofiber with Eu doping of 1% and 3% are 2.64 eV, and the energy of bandgap is 2.94 eV with Eu doping of 5%（molar fraction）. There is only orange emission（5D0→7F1 magnetic dipole transition） for Eu doped SnO2 nanofibers, and no red emission could be observed. The orange emission upon indirect excitation splits into three peaks and the peak intensity at the excitation wavelength of 275 nm is higher than that at the excitation wavelength of 488 nm.     

Facile Fabrication of Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanotubes and Their Catalytic Activity

A facile impregnation method under mild condition is designed for synthesis of highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles with a narrow size of 4-7 nm on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes （CNx）. CNx do not need any pre-surface modification due to the inherent chemical activity. The structure and nature of Pt/CNx were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy spectrum. All the experimental results revealed that the large amount of doped nitrogen atoms in CNx was virtually effective for capturing the Pt（IV） ions. The improved surface nitrogen functionalities and hydrophilicity contributed to the good dispersion and immobi- lization of Pt nanoparticles on the CNx surface. The Pt/CNx served as active and reusable catalysts in the hydrogenation of allyl alcohol. This could be attributed to high dispersion of Pt nanoparticles and stronger interaction between Pt and the supports, which prevented the Pt nanoparticles from aggregating into less active Pt black and from leaching as well.     

The modulation effect of substrate doping on multi-node charge collection and single-event transient propagation in 90-nm bulk complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology

Variation of substrate background doping will affect the charge collection of active and passive MOSFETs in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies, which are significant for charge sharing, thus affecting the propagated single event transient pulsewidths in circuits. The trends of charge collected by the drain of a positive channel metal-oxide semiconductor (PMOS) and an N metal-oxide semiconductor (NMOS) are opposite as the substrate doping increases. The PMOS source will inject carriers after strike and the amount of charge injected will increase as the substrate doping increases, whereas the source of the NMOS will mainly collect carriers and the source of the NMOS can also inject electrons when the substrate doping is light enough. Additionally, it indicates that substrate doping mainly affects the bipolar amplification component of a single-event transient current, and has little effect on the drift and diffusion. The change in substrate doping has a much greater effect on PMOS than on NMOS.     

铕掺杂TiO2的制备及其可见光光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同铕(Eu)掺杂量的TiO₂纳米颗粒(Eu-TiO₂),利用透射电镜(TEM),X射线光电子能谱(XPS),X射线衍射(XRD)及紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)等方法对Eu-TiO₂进行了物理特性的初步表征.结果表明:与未掺杂纳米TiO₂比较,Eu-TiO₂禁带宽度变窄,具有可见光光催化活性.在可见光下(λ≥420 nm)照射下,以光催化降解染料罗丹明B(Rhodamine B,RhB)为目标反应,探讨了Eu-TiO₂不同制备条件对RhB降解光催化活性的影响,优化得到制备高活性Eu-TiO₂最佳pH为3、掺杂比例(n_Eu/n_Ti)为0.05%、煅烧温度为500 ℃.研究了可见光照射下Eu-TiO₂降解RhB和无色有机小分子水杨酸(SA)光催化反应条件及降解特性,RhB的12 h深度氧化矿化率为60.2%,SA的8 h降解率达到100%.通过跟踪测定可见光下Eu-TiO₂光催化反应过程中氧化物种的变化,研究了可见光激发Eu-TiO₂光催化反应机理,表明其光催化反应主要涉及羟基自由基(·OH)历程.     

铈掺杂钇铝石榴石黄色荧光粉形貌和粒度的制备工艺调控研究进展

铈掺杂钇铝石榴石（YAG∶Ce）黄色荧光粉的形貌和粒度对其发光性能及其应用均非常重要,理想的形貌应是晶粒尺寸可控的球形。 本文总结了制备方法、工艺参数及后处理条件在YAG∶Ce荧光粉形貌调控中的研究概况,分析了各种形貌调控手段的优缺点,归纳了粉体形貌与粒度调控的主要特点。     

Mn掺杂ZnS(110)表面的电子结构和磁性

采用基于密度泛函理论的第-性原理方法,研究Mn掺杂ZnS(110)表面的电子结构和磁性.计算分析不同掺杂组态的几何参数、形成能、磁矩、电子态密度以及电荷密度.结果表明:单个Mn原子掺杂,替位于表面第二层的Zn原子时体系形成能最低,说明该层是最稳定的掺杂位置.对于两个Mn原子的掺杂,当Mn与Mn之间呈反铁磁耦合时体系最稳定.体系的总磁矩和自由Mn原子的磁矩差别很小,但是Mn原子的局域磁矩却依赖于Mn原子的3d态和近邻S原子的3p态的杂化作用,即受周围S原子环境的变化影响较大.此外,分析电荷密度图得出Mn原子替换Zn原子后与S原子形成了更强的共价键.