漆酚铁聚合物的制备及性能研究

以生漆和三氯化铁反应制备漆酚铁聚合物,用红外光谱、涂膜鲜映性仪和光泽度仪等对聚合物结构和漆膜性能进行表征.结果表明,反应温度65℃,反应时间3h,漆酚和三氯化铁物质的量比为8∶1,所生成的漆酚铁聚合物性能较好.     

三维荧光法测定水中的4-氯苯酚

对三维荧光法测定水中的4-氯苯酚进行了研究,并与传统的比色法进行了比较。4-氯苯酚的三维荧光光谱图中荧光特征峰位于λex/λem=280 nm/310 nm处,在pH 1~8时,荧光较强且稳定。4-氯苯酚质量浓度为0.01~2.0 mg/L时,荧光强度与浓度的线性相关系数R2为0.9997,检出限为0.0096 mg/L。方法可用于自来水及地表水中的4-氯苯酚的测定,回收率在94.3%~106.0%。     

酚羟基对木质素吸附层致密程度的影响

研究了酚羟基对木质素在固液界面上形成的吸附层致密程度的影响及作用机理.通过对碱木质素(AL)进行乙酰化处理制备了酚羟基含量显著减少的乙酰化木质素(ACAL).借助耗散型石英晶体微天平(QCM-D)研究了溶液环境中AL和ACAL所形成的单层吸附膜致密程度的差异,结合紫外-可见光光谱仪(UV)和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了AL和ACAL分别与聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDAC)交替自组装所形成的多层吸附膜的致密程度在干燥状态下的差异.结果都表明,酚羟基的存在会使木质素吸附层致密程度降低.分析认为,酚羟基的存在不利于木质素中的芳香环形成共面结构,酚羟基含量降低后会引起芳香环间的共面性增强,促进形成致密的π-π堆积,从而使得木质素吸附层致密程度增大.     

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定饮用水中5种氯酚

氯酚类化合物(CPs)广泛存在于环境中,其中2,4-二氯酚、2,4,6-三氯酚和五氯酚等都具有较高的毒性,可以通过食物链转移、富集和放大,具有弱雌激素作用和改变酶功能作用,影响生殖发育,被美国环保局列入优先控制污染物名单[1]。目前氯酚类化合物的测定主要采用衍生化气相色谱法[2]、吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法[3]、固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法[4]、固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法[5]以及     

尼龙6纳米纤维膜的制备及其对己烷雌酚的吸附性能研究

采用静电纺丝设备制备尼龙6纳米纤维膜。用静、动态吸附方法,研究了尼龙6纳米纤维膜对己烷雌酚的吸附性能,考察了吸附时间、初始浓度及介质p H值对尼龙6纳米纤维膜吸附己烷雌酚的影响。结果表明,初始浓度为2mg/L时,尼龙6纳米纤维膜吸附己烷雌酚的过程符合准一级动力学模型;当初始浓度在5~20mg/L范围内,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型。尼龙6纳米纤维膜吸附己烷雌酚的过程符合Freundlich等温吸附模型。     

Preconcentration of chlorophenols in water samples using threedimensional graphene-based magnetic nanocomposite as absorbent

In this paper, a novel magnetic solid-phase extraction method using three-dimensional graphene-based magnetic nanocomposite as adsorbent for the preconcentration of several chlorophenols from water samples prior to high-performance liquid chromatography analysis was developed. Various experimental parameters were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors of the method were in the range of 186–312, and the limit of detection(S/N = 3) was 0.10 ng/mL. The recoveries of the method were in the range between 85.1% and 101.2%. The developed method has been successfully applied to the determination of chlorophenols in environmental water samples.     

Rapid,simple and selective determination of 2,4-dinitrophenol by molecularly imprinted spin column extraction coupled with fluorescence detection

A rapid, simple and selective method based on molecularly imprinted, spin column extraction coupled with fluorescence detection was successfully established for the determination of 2,4-dinitrophenol in serum samples. The 2,4-dinitrophenol imprinted polymers exhibited highly selective recognition for the template molecule and the maximum adsorption capacity was 138.9 mg/g. The results indicated that when water is used as the loading solution, only 2,4-dinitrophenol could be adsorbed on the spin column without the remaining structural analogs（2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol and phenol）. After eluting with acetonitrile/acetic acid（9/1, v/v）, 2,4-dinitrophenol in serum samples could be determined by using the fluorescence spectrometer, based on the fluorescence enhancement of fluorescein by the template molecule. Under the optimal conditions, the spiked recovery ranged from 95.8% to 103.4% and the detection limit was 1 nmol/L. The results confirmed the reliability and practicality of the protocol and revealed a good perspective of this method for biological sample analysis.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饲料中的游离棉酚

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)定量测定饲料中棉酚残留的分析方法。待测物经丙酮-水(7∶3)混合溶液振荡提取,C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm)分离,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱,串联质谱测定,外标法定量。方法的定量下限(S/N10)为1 mg/kg;棉酚在10~100μg/L质量浓度范围内,线性相关系数为0.993。以1、20、40 mg/kg浓度进行加标后测得平均回收率为83.8%~97.5%,相对标准偏差为1.3%~5.2%。该方法操作简单、回收率稳定,可用于饲料中棉酚残留的快速确证及定量分析。     

液相色谱法测定地表水中氯酚类化合物

采用单滴液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中的4-氯酚、2,6-二氯酚、2,4-二氯酚和2,4,6-三氯酚。色谱条件为:Diamonsil C18柱(250×4.6mm i.d.,5μm),柱温:室温,流速1.0mL/min,以甲醇∶水∶甲酸(体积比70∶30∶0.2)为流动相,225nm紫外检测。考察了萃取溶剂种类、萃取时间、萃取温度、搅拌速度和pH值对萃取效率的影响。4-氯酚、2,6-二氯酚、2,4-二氯酚在1.5~100mg/L和2,4,6-三氯酚在2.5~100mg/L范围内有良好线性,相关系数不低于0.9996,回收率在74.9%~84.4%之间,相对标准偏差低于4.9%。     

磷改性Cr2O3/Al2O3催化4-乙基酚转化制轻质芳烃

以烷基酚转化为轻质芳烃(苯和甲苯)为目标,制备了Cr_2O_3/Al_2O_3催化剂,并以4-乙基酚为模型化合物研究了其加氢反应性能。体积空速、氢油比、反应压力和温度升高时,脱烷基率、芳烃总选择性、轻质芳烃选择性呈先增大后减小的趋势,反应温度对转化率影响较大。以不同浓度磷酸对Cr_2O_3/Al_2O_3进行改性,随着磷酸用量的增大,催化剂酸量总体增大,主要是弱酸和中强酸,酸强度先增加后降低,磷酸用量较高时,弱酸增加幅度较大。与未改性相比,质量分数8%磷酸改性Cr_2O_3/Al_2O_3上4-乙基酚转化率99.5%,脱烷基率提升9.4%,达74.4%,轻质芳烃选择性提高4.0%,达到57.0%,以较高选择性实现了转化制轻质芳烃,同时,芳烃总选择性高达80.4%,较高程度保持了芳环不被破坏。提出了Cr_2O_3/Al_2O_3上4-乙基酚加氢反应的路径并对反应机理进行了研究。